特种工程轮胎成型与胎面缠绕机试制成功

桂林翔宇橡胶机械开发制造有限公司开发的特种工程轮胎成型与胎面缠绕机4台套于2002年8月投入试生产，该设备的研制成功填补了国内空白，其中胎面缠绕工艺已达到国际同类产品的先进水平。成型机由主机、成型棒装置、后压辊、外扣圈装置、下压辊装置、整体底座、激光标线装置、气动系统、电气控制系统等组成；胎面缠绕生产线由Ф120×14D销钉冷喂料挤出机及传动控制柜、温控系统、压型辊、双鼓冷却、输送带、缠绕机头、成型机等组成。主机采用双电机分别驱动，以满足成型工艺与温度工艺的要求，离合器控制其动力传递路线；成型鼓安装于主机…     

载重斜交轮胎喷气牵引帘布筒成型机的研制

介绍了载重斜交轮胎喷气牵引帘布筒成型机的结构、性能及其主要特点。机由主机、尾架、扩布器、帘布筒上牵引装置、正反包装置、后压辊、底部压辊、胎面供料装置、气动系统、控制系统等部分组成,其喷气牵引帘布筒、胶囊内压控制及尾架平移技术系国内首次使用。该机不仅可提高载重斜交轮胎的成型特刊质量,而且单工操作强度适中,成型每条轮胎所需时间约５．５ｍｉｎ,班产可超过６５条。     

工程机械子午线轮胎一次法成型机气动系统

介绍工程机械子午线轮胎一次法成型机气动系统设计思想和气动系统原理.气动系统按照成型鼓和主机座两部分所包括的各部件要求进行针对性的回路设计.设备经安装调试后已正常投入运行,经过一段时间的运行,效果良好,劳动生产率高.经追踪测试证明,设备气动系统能满足工程机械轮胎成型工艺的技术要求.     

SS-1317-SB型轿车子午胎成型机

１结构日本ＭＨＩ公司近年来推出的ＳＳ－１３１７－ＳＢ型成型机用于以一次法成型轿车子午胎，其结构如附图所示。机器主要由主机、胎体筒部件供料架、带束层供料架、胎面供料架、定位指示灯及控制系统构成。附图ＳＳ－１３１７－ＳＢ型轿车子午胎一次法成型机机器主机部...     

子午线轮胎一段成型机后压辊胶囊的研制

子午线轮胎一段成型机后压辊胶囊的研制程文萍（烟台轮胎厂２６４００２）众所周知，轿车子午线轮胎成型一般采用二次法成型机。在第一段成型机机头后侧，有一杯形压辊，其作用是压实胎圈及胎体反包帘布。我厂目前使用的第一段成型机有建阳、上海、北京等地的产品。后压辊...     

全钢子午线轮胎胎体帘布稀线的原因分析及解决措施

对全钢子午线轮胎胎体帘布稀线产生原因进行分析并提出改进措施。造成胎体帘布稀线的主要原因包括压延相关张力/压力设置不合理或波动造成局部脱层和裁断接头异常、成型导开胎体时拉伸造成胎体帘线疏密不均、成型胶部件接头过大或接头拉开、成型胎体接头异常、半部件胶料中或成型贴合半部件层间有杂质、胎坯转运或存放过程中受伤变形等。通过合理设置压延辊筒间压力,严格控制裁断、成型胎体接头器压力,规范成型胶部件接头质量,避免杂质带入及帘布拉伸,避免胎坯转运存放过程中发生变形等措施可有效减少胎体帘布稀线的发生。     

大型工程机械子午线轮胎二次法成型机75°鼓肩成型鼓设计

工程机械子午线轮胎体积巨大、成型工艺复杂,对成型设备的要求较高。三角(威海)华盛轮胎有限公司的工程机械子午线轮胎二次法成型机采用半鼓式90°鼓肩成型鼓,结构如图1所示。使用该设备出现了胎圈底部胎体打褶、肩空、胶部件不能被下压辊有效压合等问题,严重影响轮胎质量。经过对鼓肩的改造,解决了胎圈底部胎体打褶、肩空等问题,提高了轮胎质量。     

全钢载重子午线轮胎成型过程中的几个典型问题处理

对全钢载重子午线轮胎在成型过程中的胎体帘线弯曲、胎体露线、胎面压不实等典型缺陷的产生原因进行分析并提出相应解决措施。胎体帘线弯曲的主要原因是钢丝圈平面宽设置过大、撑块压力不足、撑块撑起速度不一致;胎体露线的主要原因是成型机带束传递环定位不准、钢丝圈平面宽设置过小、硫化时定型压力过大或定型铜套过低;胎面压不实的主要原因是后压辊机械位置不对称、后压辊滚压曲线设置不合理、胎体帘布薄胶片和胎肩垫胶粘性不够、成型压合胎面时操作人员刷汽油不规范等。针对各种缺陷采取相应措施后效果显著。     

一种电动车或摩托车轮胎成型机

正本实用新型公开的一种电动车或摩托车轮胎成型机,包括一成型主机,成型主机包括在左右方向固定于地面上的一轨道,轨道上左右侧分别滑动安装一具有胎面鼓的胎面鼓主机和一具有胎体鼓的胎体鼓主机;胎面鼓与胎体鼓之间的轨道上安装一可左右滑动及前后摆转的钢丝圈预置座;轨道后侧的一门形支架的横梁下方装接一对可沿其左右移动的传递环;传递环可把钢丝圈传递到胎体鼓上,也可把胎体鼓上加工好的胎体传递到胎面鼓上;轨道后面两侧的帘布层供料后台和胎     

轮胎二次法成型机成型工艺的改进

介绍轮胎二次法成型机及成型工艺,并提出改进措施。通过采取制定部件接头及裁刀清理等操作规范、制定现场施工标准模板、改造胎面后压辊和肩压辊、调整成型工艺参数、胎面供料架加装烤灯装置和一段成型鼓扣圈盘加装磁铁吸附装置等措施,二次法成型轮胎的质量问题得到了有效控制,提高了产品的市场竞争力。     

A near-infrared FT-Raman (SERS) and electrochemical study of the synergistic effect of 1-[(1′,2′-dicarboxy)ethyl]-benzotriazole and KI on the dissolution of copper in aerated sulfuric acid

The adsorption on copper in aerated 0.5 m sulphuric acid (30°C) of 1-[(1,2-dicarboxy)ethyl]-benzotriazole (BTM) has been investigated by means of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques. The inhibition efficiency in aerated acid increased with increasing BTM concentration to a maximum (52%) at the 1 × 10–3 m level. Benzotriazole (BTAH) was found to be about 20% more efficient as an inhibitor for copper corrosion under the same conditions. BTM (1 × 10–3 m) showed increased inhibition with increasing pH reaching a maximum value of 78.3% at pH 8. Polarization studies showed that BTM suppressed both the cathodic and anodic corrosion reactions. The SERS studies suggest that, like BTAH, BTM inhibits copper corrosion by adsorption through the azole nitrogen. This study also showed that the performance of BTM can be significantly improved by adding KI. SERS indicates that the iodide ions displace the protonated BTM on the copper surface and this is followed by an overlayer of protonated BTM molecules.     

Synthesis of periodic mesoporous organosilica from bis(triethoxysilyl)methane and their pyrolytic conversion into porous SiCO glasses

Periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) have been prepared from bis(triethoxysilyl)methane (BTM) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (C₁₆TAC). A large range of synthesis conditions (pH, C₁₆TAC/BTM ratio, post-treatment and concentration) were used to study their effects on the structure of the as-prepared meso-structured samples. The sample obtained with the optimised composition presents a 2D-hexagonal structure with a large surface area of about 950 m²/g. This material has been pyrolysed under Argon up to 1000 °C. Conversion into a silicon oxycarbide glass has been followed by X-ray diffraction. The organised structure can be retained until 800 °C. Further characterisations were performed by ²⁹Si MAS NMR, ¹³C CP MAS NMR and N₂ adsorption–desorption experiments to follow the structural changes occurring during the pyrolysis.     

基于相变材料的锂离子电池热管理性能

锂离子电池（lithium-ion battery,LIB）作为目前应用最广泛的储能电池之一,在电动汽车等行业发挥着至关重要的作用。电池的温度是影响LIB性能及安全性的重要因素,因此电池热管理（battery thermal management,BTM）至关重要。目前,利用相变材料（phase change material,PCM）进行相变冷却的热管理方式因其潜热高、不需消耗额外能量的优点已成为一种很有前途的方法。本文针对8节并联18650LIB的电池组性能进行了数值模拟及实验研究,探究了石蜡基复合相变材料（composite phase change material,CPCM）物性参数（包括热导率、熔点、相变潜热和材料厚度）对本文设计的电池组热管理性能的影响。结果表明,纯石蜡用于BTM可将3C放电下的电池最高温度降低28.0%,向石蜡中添加膨胀石墨后可使CPCM的热管理性能进一步提升,CPCM的热导率为2.0W/(m·K)时可将3C放电下的电池最高温度进一步降低5.42℃,继续增大CPCM热导率对热管理性能的提升较小。在综合考虑电池组的最高温度和温度均匀性的情况下,为得到在本文所设计的锂离子电池组最佳热管理性能,CPCM的热导率为2.0W/(m·K)、熔点应在36~38℃之间、相变潜热在212J/g左右、CPCM的厚度为4mm时最优。     

Sliding steel-pouring systems and sets of refractories for them

Contemporary systems are considered for pouring metal from a ladle using unified double-plate slide gates of the BTM series produced by OOO NPP Vulkan-TM and sets of refractories appropriate for them. Attention is drawn to the use of these systems in small metallurgical enterprises. Experience is considered of operating slide refractory plates of domestic and imported production. A method is proposed for manufacturing refractory components for slide gates by casting with subsequent vibration levelling. A device is considered for blowing metal in a ladle with inert gas, improving its quality. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 90–95, March 2008.     

Carbocationic polymerization of electron-rich olefins by a carbon Bronsted acid

Polymerization of electron-rich vinyl monomers, p-methoxystyrene (p-MeOSt), N-vinylcarbazole (NVCz), and isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE), were carried out with a carbon Bronsted acid, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) methane (BTM) at –78° to 0° in several solvents. High molecular weight polymers were obtained from p-MeOSt and NVCz, but without molecular weight control. The molecular weight of polymers obtained from IBVE was low, and the presence of a vinyl group and low molecular weight of the polymer indicate that chain transfer reaction occurred in the polymerization.     

Human Milk Antibodies against S1 and S2 Subunits from SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E in Mothers with a Confirmed COVID-19 PCR,Viral SYMPTOMS,and Unexposed Mothers

Background: Preexisting immunity to SARS-CoV-2 could be related to cross-reactive antibodies to common human-coronaviruses (HCoVs). This study aimed to evaluate whether human milk antibodies against to S1 and S2 subunits SARS-CoV-2 are cross-reactive to S1 and S2 subunits HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E in mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR test, in mothers with previous viral symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic, and in unexposed mothers; Methods: The levels of secretory IgA (SIgA)/IgA, secretory IgM (SIgM)/IgM, and IgG specific to S1 and S2 SARS-CoV-2, and reactive to S1 + S2 HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E were measured in milk from 7 mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR test, 20 mothers with viral symptoms, and unexposed mothers (6 Ctl1-2018 and 16 Ctl2-2018) using ELISA; Results: The S2 SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were higher in the COVID-19 PCR (p = 0.014) and viral symptom (p = 0.040) groups than in the Ctl1-2018 group. We detected a higher number of positive correlations between the antigens and secretory antibodies in the COVID-19 PCR group than in the viral symptom and Ctl-2018 groups. S1 + S2 HCoV-OC43-reactive IgG was higher in the COVID-19 group than in the control group (p = 0.002) but did not differ for the other antibodies; Conclusions: Mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR and mothers with previous viral symptoms had preexisting human milk antibodies against S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2. Human milk IgG were more specific to S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2 than other antibodies, whereas SIgA and SIgM were polyreactive and cross-reactive to S1 or S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2.     

Intra-Genomic Internal Transcribed Spacer Region Sequence Heterogeneity and Molecular Diagnosis in Clinical Microbiology

Internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequencing is the most extensively used technology for accurate molecular identification of fungal pathogens in clinical microbiology laboratories. Intra-genomic ITS sequence heterogeneity, which makes fungal identification based on direct sequencing of PCR products difficult, has rarely been reported in pathogenic fungi. During the process of performing ITS sequencing on 71 yeast strains isolated from various clinical specimens, direct sequencing of the PCR products showed ambiguous sequences in six of them. After cloning the PCR products into plasmids for sequencing, interpretable sequencing electropherograms could be obtained. For each of the six isolates, 10–49 clones were selected for sequencing and two to seven intra-genomic ITS copies were detected. The identities of these six isolates were confirmed to be Candida glabrata (n = 2), Pichia (Candida) norvegensis (n = 2), Candida tropicalis (n = 1) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (n = 1). Multiple sequence alignment revealed that one to four intra-genomic ITS polymorphic sites were present in the six isolates, and all these polymorphic sites were located in the ITS1 and/or ITS2 regions. We report and describe the first evidence of intra-genomic ITS sequence heterogeneity in four different pathogenic yeasts, which occurred exclusively in the ITS1 and ITS2 spacer regions for the six isolates in this study.     

Offset‐Free Inferential Feedback Control of Distillation Compositions Based on PCR and PLS Models

An offset‐free inferential feedback control strategy for distillation composition control using principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) models is presented in this paper. PCR and PLS model based software sensors are developed from process operational data so that the top and bottom product compositions can be estimated from multiple tray temperature measurements. The PCR and PLS software sensors are then used in the feedback control of the top and bottom product compositions. With this strategy the problem of substantial time delay in composition analyzer based control and of substantial bias in single tray temperature control can be overcome. A practically very important issue in software sensor based feedback control is that static control offsets often exist due to a static estimation bias, especially when the process operating condition changes. A technique for eliminating the static estimation bias and the resulting static control offsets through mean updating of process measurements is proposed in this paper. Applications to a simulated methanol‐water separation column demonstrate the effectiveness of this control strategy.     

Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in white cheese by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

The polymerase chain reaction, known as PCR, is a method to replicate thousands of times within a few hours and in vitro, small amounts of DNA. The application of rapid and sensitive methods to detect Listeria monocytogenes in cheese samples, allow a better microbiological control of the production process. PCR was applied to 30 samples of of white cheese, from Valencia, Carabobo State. It was detected PCR specificity and sensitivity by using the control strain Listeria monocytogenes 446. DNA extraction according to the methodology described by Torres et al., Molecular weight marker 100 base pairs. Were used: four primers hlyA gene of listeriolysin O; L1/U1 primers for 938 bp band and LF/LR 750 bp band hlyA gene. Epilnfo Statistical V6 to match observations in gels, by Kappa coefficient (K). Results: 8 out of 30 cheese samples analyzed showed presumptive growth of Listeria spp in PALCAM Agar. Two of the samples not belonged to the genus Listeria, in the 6 remaining sample confirmation tests showed that: 2 were L. monocytogenes, 3 L. ivanovii and 1 L. seeligeri. In PCR 2 samples were positive for L. monocytogenes by amplify the 938 bp band for Listeria and 750 bp band for the species monocytogenes. We concluded that PCR was highly specific and sensitive to L. monocytogenes, taking advantage of PALCAM agar to detect the presence of the pathogen specifies a relatively short time.