光OFDM系统中一种联合改进的低复杂度PTS峰均比抑制技术

光正交频分复用系统(O-OFDM)的缺点之一是存在高的峰值平均功率比(PAPR),部分传输序列(PTS)技术能够有效降低高PAPR出现的概率,但其计算复杂度较高。针对该问题,提出一种可降低计算复杂度的二阶PTS和削波(Clipping)联合改进的PAPR抑制方案。该方案首先将初始的输入信号进行d级逆快速傅里叶变换(IFFT)运算,再进行子块划分,然后进行剩下的n-d级IFFT运算。仿真结果表明,该方案大大降低了计算复杂度,并且在峰均比抑制效果和系统误码率(BER)方面都得到了较好的改善,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

OFDM系统中一种联合改进的低复杂度SLM峰均比抑制技术

高的峰值平均功率比(Peak-to-Average Power Ratio,PAPR)是光正交频分复用(Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,O-OFDM)系统的一个主要缺点,选择性映射(Selective Mapping,SLM)法能有效降低高PAPR出现的概率,但它的计算复杂度较高.一些低复杂度的SLM方案能够有效地降低复杂度,但同时也降低了PAPR的抑制性能.为了平衡这两个因素,将低复杂度SLM方案与次优选择的思想相结合,文章提出了一种联合改进的PAPR抑制方案.在低复杂度方案中,通过将一个复频域信号分为两个实信号,再利用快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform,FFT)的平移和反折性质将其重建成新的信号,以得到更多的备选信号,如此便能降低计算复杂度.然后,再结合次优选择的思想,选择PAPR最小的一路以得到最优的PAPR抑制性能.仿真结果验证了该方案的有效性.     

光OFDM系统中一种改进的SLM峰均比抑制方案

针对光正交频分复用(O-OFDM)系统中峰值平均功 率比(PAPR)较高的缺点,对PAPR抑制技术的选择性 映射法(SLM) 进行了深入研究。基于低复杂度SLM方案的深入研究,提出了一种改进的次PAP R选择的思 想与低复杂度SLM相结合的PAPR抑制方案。改 进的SLM方案能够成倍降低传统SLM方案的计算复杂 度。仿真分析表明,改进的SLM方案在载波数为256的O-OFDM系统中,计算复杂度能降低50%以上,并 且随着子载波数的增加,其复杂度降低程度更为高效;同时,该改进的SLM方案又能使其PAPR抑制性能优于传统的SLM方案,从而进一步提升了低复杂度SLM 方案的实用价值。     

光OFDM系统中基于PTS算法对峰均比抑制技术的分析

针对光正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中峰值平均功率比(PAPR)较高的缺点,重点研究了基于部分序列传输法(PTS)的峰均比抑制技术,提出一种改进的加强迭代PTS搜索技术(EIA-PTS),该技术能够降低原PTS的计算复杂度.仿真表明:原PTS方法随着相应参数的增加,迭代次数呈指数型增长,而EIA-PTS技术的迭代次数基本保持平稳且低于原PTS方法.在此基础上,又将EIA-PTS与削波(Clipping)技术相结合,提出了峰均比EIA-PTS-Clipping联合抑制技术.与EIA-PTS技术相比,该技术进一步提升了系统PAPR的抑制性能,能在系统误码率(BER)性能与PAPR抑制效果之间取得更好的折衷,具有较高的利用价值.     

降低OFDM系统PAPR的低复杂度ACE-C算法

针对现有凸集映射星座扩展算法(ACE-POCS)在OFDM信号峰均功率比(PAPR)抑制过程中存在收敛速度慢、复杂度高等问题,提出一种基于ACE-POCS算法与限幅算法(Clipping)的ACE-C算法。新算法通过对输入数据序列进行分组处理,使得在运算过程中只进行低点数的IFFT和FFT变换,有效降低了运算复杂度。在4QAM调制的OFDM系统模型中对新算法的PAPR、复杂度及误码率(BER)性能进行研究分析,结果表明,与ACE-POCS算法相比,ACE-C算法的复杂度减小了1/2以上,收敛速度也得到了一定的提高,且不需要传送边带信息,实现了在PAPR抑制效率、复杂度、误码率三方面性能的折中。     

一种降低MIMO-OFDM系统PAPR的低复杂度SLM算法

为了降低MIMO-OFDM(多输入多输出正交频分复用)系统中传统SLM(选择性映射)算法的计算复杂度,文章提出将原始频域信号分成实部和虚部后分别进行不同的相位旋转,再通过IFFT(快速傅里叶逆变换)调制模块得到相应的时域序列,最后通过多天线间实部和虚部序列的不同组合来产生更多的具有不同PAPR(峰均功率比)的备选序列。仿真结果表明,所提算法能有效地抑制MIMO-OFDM信号的PAPR。相比传统SLM算法能有效降低计算复杂度。     

降低光OFDM系统峰均比的TR-clipping算法

针对光正交频分复用(O-OFDM)系统中峰值平均功率比(PAPR)过高的问题,对传统的预留子载波(TR)方法进行了改进并引入到O-OFDM系统,提出将削波与TR法相结合,以减小削波噪声对信号的影响,同时有效降低信号的PAPR。研究结果表明:本文方法计算复杂度较低,易于实现;通过合理地选取门限A与预留子载波条数W的大小,可以有效抑制削波噪声在信号带内与带外引起的畸变;在误码率BER=10-6的条件下,当削波率γ由7dB降低至2dB时,所需的光信噪比(OSNR)相比削波法降低了0.2～7dB。     

抑制OFDM信号PAPR的改进脉冲整形

脉冲整形(PS)技术是一种有效可行的针对OFDM信号的PAPR抑制方法,它可以对发射信号进行频谱整形,降低系统误码率(BER),还可以用来抑制信号的峰均比,但不同的整形脉冲波形具有不同峰均比(PAPR)抑制性能和系统BER。提出一种改进的奈奎斯特脉冲,可以提高OFDM信号PAPR的抑制性能,同时不降低系统的BER,频带利用率高。仿真结果表明,其综合性能明显优于传统的升余弦和反转指数脉冲,是一种低复杂度的有效解决方案。     

基于GA-PTS的无厄米特对称光OFDM系统峰均比抑制算法的研究

光正交频分复用（O-OFDM）技术被广泛应用于可见光通信系统（VLC）中以提高数据传输速率，但是O-OFDM系统存在峰值平均功率比（PAPR）高的问题，限制了其系统性能。本文首先针对传统的非对称限幅光正交频分复用（ACOOFDM）系统频谱效率低下以及计算复杂度高的问题，使用无厄米特对称的单极性光正交频分复用（UO-OFDM）系统。其次在UO-OFDM系统上使用传统的部分传输序列（PTS）技术来降低其PAPR，同时针对传统的PTS技术计算复杂度高以及搜索最佳相位旋转因子效率低的问题，提出使用遗传算法（GA）来优化PTS技术。仿真结果表明：GA-PTS相比于传统的PTS技术，在PAPR抑制性能差别不大的情况下极大地减少了搜索最佳相位旋转因子所需的时间；同时与基于GA-PTS算法的ACO-OFDM系统所用的时间相比，基于GA-PTS算法的UO-OFDM系统所用的时间有所减少，且随着最大遗传代数的增加，减少的时间更加明显。     

一种降低OFDM系统PAPR的改进限幅噪声压缩方法

为降低正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multip lexing,OFDM)系统峰均功率比(Peak to Average Power Ratio,PAPR),在最近提出的限幅噪声压缩(Clipping noise Compression,CNC)方法基础上,提出了一种基于改进的艾里压缩函数来抑制限幅噪声的方法(CNC Improved Airy Function,CNC IAF)。改进的艾里压缩函数形式简单,计算复杂度较小,并且对归一化限幅噪声的取值条件没有CNC方法的严格。仿真结果表明,CNC IAF方法能够抑制OFDM信号的PAPR同时有效地降低系统误码率,性能比CNC方法均有改善。     

Low-complexity selected mapping schemes for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in OFDM systems

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is an attractive transmission technique for high-bit-rate communication systems. One major drawback of OFDM is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitter's output signal. The selected mapping (SLM) approach provides good performance for PAPR reduction, but it requires a bank of inverse fast Fourier transforms (IFFTs) to generate a set of candidate transmission signals, and this requirement usually results in high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a kind of low-complexity conversions to replace the IFFT blocks in the conventional SLM method. Based on the proposed conversions, we develop two novel SLM schemes with much lower complexity than the conventional one; the first method uses only one IFFT block to generate the set of candidate signals, while the second one uses two IFFT blocks. Computer simulation results show that, as compared to the conventional SLM scheme, the first proposed approach has slightly worse PAPR reduction performance and the second proposed one reaches almost the same PAPR reduction performance.     

次优化SLM法降低OFDM系统PAPR

正交频分复用（OFDM）系统的主要缺点是发射机输出信号的高峰均功率比（PAPR）。选择性映射（SLM）法能有效地降低OFDM信号的PAPR概率,但它需要一组逆快速傅立叶变换（IFFT）来产生候选传输信号,这将导致高的计算复杂度。本文给出一种低复杂度的次优化SLM算法。仿真结果表明该次优化SLM算法在降低PAPR相似的情况下,具有更小的计算复杂度。     

A Low Complexity Selected Mapping Scheme by Use of Time Domain Sequence Superposition Technique for PAPR Reduction in OFDM System

By using the time domain sequence superposition (TDSS) technique, in this paper, we propose a low complexity selected mapping (LC-SLM) scheme for the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Unlike the conventional selected mapping (SLM) scheme which needs several inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) operations for an OFDM signal, the proposed scheme requires to implement two IFFT operations only. Thus, it can remarkably reduce the computational complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve similar PAPR performance as the conventional SLM scheme.      

MIMO-OFDM系统中基于循环移位和信号联合的改进SLM算法

为降低多输入多输出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM, multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)系统中传统选择性映射(SLM, selected mapping)算法的计算复杂度,提出了通过信号时域循环移位和天线间信号联合产生更多具有不同峰均功率比(PAPR, peak to average power ratio)的备选序列集合的方法。接收端先根据发射端序列选取情况恢复出频域旋转信号,再比较反向旋转序列与最近星座点的距离来恢复原始序列。仿真结果表明,所提出的方法能有效地抑制MIMO-OFDM信号的PAPR。另外,与传统SLM算法相比,提出方法明显降低了计算复杂度,而且可以获得传统SLM方法在已知边带副信息情况下近似的比特误码率性能。     

A hybrid technique for the PAPR reduction of NOMA waveform

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a great contender for future cellular modulation due to its desirable properties like massive connectivity, high data rate transmission, and high spectral efficiency. However, its peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is significant, which becomes a significant disadvantage for the efficient operability of the NOMA waveform compared to current techniques. Several PAPR reduction algorithms like selective mapping (SLM), partial transmission sequence (PTS), and companding techniques have been proposed to lower the PAPR of multicarrier waveforms (MCWs). PTS reduces the PAPR but has high complexity. On the other hand, SLM has a less complex framework, but its PAPR performance is not as efficient as PTS. Companding methods reduce the PAPR by compressing the signals at the transmitter, which unfortunately reduces the dynamic range of the signal. In this work, we propose a hybrid algorithm (SLM + PTS) with a companding method for the first time for the NOMA waveform, which efficiently reduces the PAPR with low computational complexity. Furthermore, we compare the performances of a host of candidate algorithms like SLM, PTS, hybrid (SLM + PTS), hybrid + A law (SLM–PTS–A law), and hybrid + Mu law (SLM–PTS–Mu law). The results of the experiments show that the hybrid + Mu law did a better job than the existing PAPR reduction algorithms.     

Performance Analysis of the Clipping Scheme with SLM Technique for PAPR Reduction of OFDM Signals in Fading Channels

Since one of major problems of OFDM-based systems is high peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) of its transmitted signal, many PAPR reduction techniques and combined schemes with individual techniques have recently been developed. Among various techniques, the clipping technique has been widely used as a practical scheme owing to its low computational complexity and simplicity in implementation, while the selected mapping (SLM) technique is known to provide good PAPR reduction performance without signal distortion. Generally, the combined scheme of two PAPR reduction techniques, which are the clipping and the SLM, is expected to provide the enhanced performance of PAPR reduction, because the clipping noise of combined scheme would be less than that of single clipping technique, when the SLM technique is employed before clipping. However, the performance of clipping scheme with SLM technique has not been evaluated for practical systems over fading channels. In this paper, the performance of the clipping scheme with the SLM technique is theoretically analyzed and compared with simulation results over fading channels. The performance of combined scheme is analyzed with various clipping ratios, phase sets for SLM, and modulation schemes over flat and frequency selective fading channels. In addition, the effects of the clipping at the receiver and the oversampling on the BER performance are discussed. Based on the results of analysis, therefore, one can design the effective clipping scheme with the SLM technique for the PAPR reduction of OFDM-based systems.     

Selected mapping with symbol re‐mapping for OFDM/TDM using MMSE‐FDE

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals have a problem with a high peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR). A distortionless selected mapping (SLM) has been proposed to reduce the PAPR, but a high computational complexity prohibits its application to an OFDM system with a large number of subcarriers. Recently, we proposed OFDM combined with time division multiplexing (OFDM/TDM) using minimum mean square error frequency‐domain equalization (MMSE‐FDE) to improve the bit error rate (BER) performance of conventional OFDM with a lower PAPR. The PAPR problem, however, cannot be completely eliminated. In this paper, we present an SLM combined with symbol re‐mapping for OFDM/TDM using MMSE‐FDE. Unlike the conventional OFDM, where SLM is applied over subcarriers in the frequency domain, we exploit both time and frequency dimensions of OFDM/TDM signal to improve the performance with respect to PAPR and BER. A mathematical model for PAPR distribution of OFDM/TDM with SLM is presented to complement the computer simulation results. It is shown that proposed SLM can further reduce the PAPR without sacrificing the BER performance with the same or reduced computational complexity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.