低相位噪声VCO的设计

设计了一个用于移动通信中继站的低相位噪声压控振荡器(VCO)。该VCO采用了考皮兹结构,谐振器使用LC器件,放大器件使用双极结型晶体管(BJT)。其频率调动范围为730～840 MHz,压控灵敏度为22 MHz/V,输出功率为10.7 dBm。在800 MHz中心频率处,其实测相位噪声分别为-99.42 dBc/Hz@10 kHz,-116.44 dBc/Hz@100 kHz,-135.06 dBc/Hz@1 MHz。提出了一种采用基极低频滤波的办法消除VCO的杂散频率,整个测试频段内观察不到明显的杂散。阐述了VCO相位噪声的主要来源,给出了低噪声VCO的设计方法。理论计算,仿真结果和实物测试取得了一致的结论,对低噪声VCO的设计提供了一定的参考。     

一种2 μm GaAs HBT低相噪宽带VCO

提出了一种2 μm GaAs HBT工艺的低相噪宽带压控振荡器(VCO)。与CMOS工艺相比,采用HBT工艺设计的VCO噪声性能更好,具有较大的电流放大倍数和跨导。该VCO采用差分 Colpitts 结构,并对无源器件进行结构优化,在4.1 GHz处,片上螺旋电感的品质因数超过21,实现了较低的相位噪声。通过二极管组成变容阵列,实现了较宽的调谐范围。流片测试结果表明,VCO 调谐范围为3.370~4.147 GHz,最大输出功率为－16.13 dBm,直流功耗为43 mW。在振荡频率为 4.1 GHz 时,相位噪声为－125.2 dBc/Hz@1 MHz。该VCO在相对较宽的调谐范围内实现了较低的相位噪声。     

一种高性能全差分双环路VCO的设计

设计了一种基于SMIC 0.18μm RF 1P6MCMOS工艺的高性能全差分环形压控振荡器(ring-VCO),采用双环连接方式,并运用交叉耦合正反馈来提高性能。在1.8V电源电压下对电路进行仿真,结果表明:1)中心频率为500MHz的环形VCO频率调谐范围为341～658MHz,增益最大值Kvco为-278.8MHz/V,谐振在500MHz下VCO的相位噪声为-104dBc/Hz@1MHz,功耗为22mW;2)中心频率为2.5GHz的环形VCO频率调谐范围为2.27～2.79GHz,增益最大值Kvco为-514.6MHz/V,谐振在2.5GHz下VCO的相位噪声为-98dBc/Hz@1MHz,功耗为32mW。该VCO适用于低压电路、高精度锁相环等。     

1.8 V低相位噪声全集成LC压控振荡器的设计

介绍了一种全集成的LC压控振荡器(VCO)的设计。该电路的中心频率为3.8 GHz,电源电压为1.8 V,采用0.18μm CMOS工艺制作。测试结果表明,VCO的相位噪声在偏离中心频率1 MHz时达到-126 dBc/Hz,调谐范围达到9%,VCO核心电路功耗小于8 mW。     

一个8GHz高功率AlGaN/GaN HEMT VCO

基于中科院微电子所的AlGaN/GaN HEMT工艺研制了一个X波段高功率混合集成压控振荡器（VCO）。电路采用源端调谐的负阻型结构,主谐振腔由开路微带和短路微带并联构成,实现高Q值设计。在偏置条件为VD=20V, VG=-1.9V, ID=150mA时,VCO在中心频率8.15 GHz处输出功率达到28 dBm,效率21%,相位噪声-85 dBc/Hz@100 KHz,-128 dBc/Hz@1 MHz。调谐电压0~5V时,调谐范围50 MHz。分析了器件闪烁噪声对GaN HEMT基振荡器相位噪声性能的主导作用。测试结果显示了AlGaN/GaN HEMT工艺在高功率低噪声微波频率源中的应用前景。     

声体波谐振器压控振荡器

声体波谐振器(FBAR)压控振荡器(VCO)技术探讨了高品质因数Q谐振器并实现宽频率调谐难题,完成了声体波谐振器MBVD模型参数建立、电路的选择与布局,以及最优化的设计与制作,尽量消除了FBAR与IC之间的引线产生的影响,克服了频率调整问题.研制了中心频率2.1GHz的VCO振荡器,研究结果表明,其输出功率为5～10 dBm,调谐范围为2.044‰,边带相噪为-143 dBc/1 Hz@1 MHz.     

一种简易微波VCO的设计*

描述了一种高性能简易微波VCO器件的设计和实验。该器件基于负阻原理设计,利用微波FET和变容二极管等分立元件制作,具有高性价比的特点。设计过程中利用ADS软件进行电路的匹配和优化,通过合适的外电路设计对变容二极管VCO的调频线性度进行改善,同时,降低了VCO的相位噪声。实际电路的测试结果表明,当该VCO的中心频率为4.3GHz时,其调谐范围大于200MHz,输出功率大于5.2dBm,相位噪声优于-112dBc/Hz@1MHz和-83dBc/Hz@100kHz。     

一种Ku波段宽调谐范围高输出功率的InGaP/GaAs HBT VCO

本文介绍了一种采用InGaP/GaAs HBT工艺实现的全集成应用于Ku波段的压控振荡器(VCO)。该VCO采用Colpitts结构,以达到宽调谐范围,并且该VCO取得了较高的输出射频功率。测试结果表明：该VCO的振荡频率为12.82 GHz～14.97 GHz,调谐范围为15.47%,输出射频功率为0.31 dBm～6.46 dBm,在载频13.9 GHz处相位噪声为-94.9 dBc/Hz@1 MHz。在5 V单电源直流偏置下该VCO的功耗为52.75 mW,其芯片尺寸为0.81 mm×0.78 mm。最后,本文对VCO的品质因数FOM指标进行了讨论。     

自调谐VCO频段选择技术比较与设计

系统分析了自调谐的必要性和各种具有频段选择功能的LC VCO(电感电容压控振荡器)的特点,设计了一种可以应用于自调谐的LC VCO结构.该压控振荡器用5层金属0.25 μ m的标准CMOS工艺制造完成,测试结果表明,该压控振荡器在电源电压为2.7V时的功耗约为14mW,它具有约1 80MHz的调谐范围,在振荡中心频率为1.52GHz时的单边带相位噪声为-110dBc/Hz@1MHz.     

基于0.18μm SiGe BiCMOS工艺的60GHz VCO分析与设计

采用0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS工艺,设计了一个60GHz的交叉耦合差分压控振荡器(VCO).通过分析传输线的性能,用λ/ 4短路传输线构造谐振回路.在分析VCO相位噪声的基础上,采用噪声滤波技术提高VCO的相位噪声性能.该VCO的工作电压为2.2V,偏置电流为11mA,频率调谐范围为58.377GHz～60.365GHz.当振荡频率为60.365GHz时,1MHz和10MHz频偏处的相位噪声分别为-79.1dBc/ Hz和-99.77dBc/ Hz.     

Power efficient Ka-band low phase noise VCO in 0.13 μm CMOS

A 27 GHz cross-coupled LC voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) using a standard 0.13 mum CMOS technology is presented. The VCO using a high-Q LC resonator with a micro-strip inductor (mu-strip L) provides a phase noise of -113 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz offset frequency. The figure - of-merit (FoM) is -194.6 dBc/Hz. To obtain high output power, it also uses a common source amplifier as a buffer and it shows the output power of -3.5 dBm at an oscillation frequency of 26.89 GHz. This is believed to be the lowest phase noise and FoM with the highest output power of a millimetre-wave VCO in CMOS technology.     

A 6 GHz high power and low phase noise VCO using an InGaP/GaAs HBT

A 6 GHz voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) optimized for power and noise performance was designed and characterized. This VCO was designed with the negative-resistance (Neg-R) method, utilizing an InGaP/GaAs hetero-junction bipolar transistor in the negative-resistance block. A proper output matching network and a high Q stripe line resonator were used to enhance output power and depress phase noise. Measured central frequency of the VCO was 6.008 GHz. The tuning range was more than 200 MHz. At the central frequency, an output power of 9.8 dBm and phase noise of -122.33 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset were achieved, the calculated RF to DC efficiency was about 14%, and the figure of merit was -179.2 dBc/Hz.     

A 15/30-GHz Dual-Band Multiphase Voltage-Controlled Oscillator in 0.18- μm CMOS

A multiphase oscillator suitable for 15/30-GHz dual-band applications is presented. In the circuit implementation, the 15-GHz half-quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is realized by a rotary traveling-wave oscillator, while frequency doublers are adopted to generate the quadrature output signals at the 30-GHz frequency band. The proposed circuit is fabricated in a standard 0.18-mum CMOS process with a chip area of 1.1times1.0 mm². Operated at a 2-V supply voltage, the VCO core consumes a dc power of 52 mW. With a frequency tuning range of 250 MHz, the 15-GHz half-quadrature VCO exhibits an output power of -8 dBm and a phase noise of -112 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset frequency. The measured power level and phase noise of the 30-GHz quadrature outputs are -16 dBm and -104 dBc/Hz, respectively     

A V-Band Monolithic AlGaN/GaN VCO

A V-band push-push GaN monolithic microwave integrated circuit voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) has been realized based on a 0.2 mum T-gate AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor technology with an fT ~ 65 GHz. The GaN VCO delivered an output power of +11 dBm at 53 GHz with an estimated phase noise of -97 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset based on on-wafer measurement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest frequency VCO ever reported for GaN technology with a high output power at V-band, without using any buffer amplifier. This work demonstrates the potential of applying GaN technology to millimeter wave band, high power, and low phase noise frequency sources applications.     

A fully integrated 5.8 GHz U-NII band 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS VCO

A fully integrated 5.8 GHz CMOS L-C tank voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using a 0.18-/spl mu/m 1P6M standard CMOS process for 5 GHz U-NII band WLAN application is presented. The VCO core circuit uses only PMOS to pursue a better phase noise performance since it has less 1/f noise than NMOS. The measurement is performed by using a FR-4 PCB test fixture. The output frequency of the VCO is from 5860 to 6026 MHz with a 166 MHz tuning range and the phase noise is -96.9 dBc/Hz at 300 kHz (or -110 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz) with V ctrl = 0 V. The power consumption of the VCO excluding buffer amplifiers is 8.1 mW at V/sub DD/ = 1.8 V and the output power is -4 dBm.     

Wide tuning-range CMOS VCO based on a tunable active inductor

In this paper, a wide tuning-range CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with high output power using an active inductor circuit is presented. In this VCO design, the coarse frequency is achieved by tuning the integrated active inductor. The circuit has been simulated using a 0.18-µm CMOS fabrication process and presents output frequency range from 100 MHz to 2.5 GHz, resulting in a tuning range of 96%. The phase noise is –85 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz frequency offset. The output power is from –3 dBm at 2.55 GHz to +14 dBm at 167 MHz. The active inductor power dissipation is 6.5 mW and the total power consumption is 16.27 mW when operating on a 1.8 V supply voltage. By comparing this active inductor architecture VCO with general VCO topology, the result shows that this topology, which employs the proposed active inductor, produces a better performance.     

An 8 GHz high power AlGaN/GaN HEMT VCO

A high power X-band hybrid microwave integrated voltage controlled oscillator(VCO) based on Al-GaN /GaN HEMT is presented.The oscillator design utilizes a common-gate negative resistance structure with open and short-circuit stub microstrip lines as the main resonator for a high Q factor.The VCO operating at 20 V drain bias and-1.9 V gate bias exhibits an output power of 28 dBm at the center frequency of 8.15 GHz with an efficiency of 21%.Phase noise is estimated to be -85 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset and -1...     

Small size, low power consumption, low phase noise MMIC VCO usingoff-chip packaging resonator for mobile communication

An MMIC VCO with a new type of frequency tunable multilayer ceramic resonator for mobile communication is designed and fabricated for the 2 GHz band. The VCO presents a dramatic size reduction and a C/N performance of -100 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz. Its RF output power is about -3 dBm, the frequency tuning range is 110 MHz, and current consumption is 7mA of DC     

Fundamental low phase noise InP-based DHBT VCO operating up to 89 GHz

A fundamental low phase noise W-band VCO extended by an output buffer using InP/InGaAs DHBT technology is reported. The fully integrated differential VCO exhibits operation frequencies ranging from 83 to 89 GHz. At 87 GHz, a minimum phase noise of -102 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency has been achieved. Within the tuning range, a single ended output power up to 5 dBm was measured, resulting in a total signal power of 8 dBm.