Froth delineation based on image classification

This paper describes a set of image segmentation algorithms for mineral froth images, based on gray-value valley detection and a kind of image classification. The size, shape, texture and color of froth bubbles are very important pieces of information for production optimization in mineral processing. In order to determine these parameters, bubbles in a froth image first have to be delineated. Froth images display a large variation of image patterns and quality, thus it is difficult to use only a single algorithm for segmenting all images. To achieve successful segmentation the images are first classified into image classes. Then sets of segmentation algorithms are used, based on the different image classes. The segmentation algorithms and classification algorithms have been tested in a laboratory and in industrial on-line systems for froth images, the test results show that they are robust for froth images. The processing speed for the segmentation algorithm is much faster than for a standard morphological segmentation algorithm. The processing accuracy is comparable to manual drawn result. This test shows that the algorithms work satisfactorily.     

Inferential measurement of sag mill parameters IV: Inferential model validation

This paper discusses a case study application of inferential measurement models for semiautogenous grinding (SAG) mills and is the fourth paper in a series of five papers on inferential measurement of SAG mill parameters. The development of the inferential measurement models of SAG mill discharge and feed streams and mill rock and ball charge levels, detailed earlier in the series, is summarised here. The models are then tested on plant data for validation and analysis. Model characteristics are explored to highlight model sensitivity and relative uncertainty. The results are encouraging while limitations are noted and potential avenues for further research are discussed.     

采动地表移动变形与建筑物损坏程度评价的再认识

实测数据分析的目的是认识地表移动规律和确定预计参数,而沉陷预计的目的是评价采动损坏程度。无论实测数据分析还是形变预计,地表倾斜、曲率和水平变形等主要指标都是基于下沉和水平位移2个移动分量;不均匀下沉在引起地表倾斜和曲率变形的同时,也会导致采动建筑物水平变形和破坏。通过分析起伏地形和不均匀沉陷在实时位形上对地表变形的作用关系,建立了地表水平和起伏条件下采动地表倾斜变形引起的地表水平变形表达式;以采动地表正曲率变形为例,分析确定了建筑结构长度、高度、最大挠度、挠度比与地表曲率的关系,定性给出了建筑结构顶部伸长量、拉伸变形及其影响规律;进一步分析了建筑结构与地基相互作用的反力分布以及拉伸和剪切作用下建筑物损伤破坏特征。在继承我国现行规范中采动建筑物损坏评价优点的基础上,针对硬性分级存在的不足以及I,IV级损坏再划分的模糊性,借鉴英国沉陷工程师手册中考虑建筑物结构长度影响的思想,建立了综合考虑水平变形、建筑物结构长度和挠度比的采动损坏分等定级指标体系;实验结果分析表明,同等采动地表变形条件下建筑结构越长其损坏越严重,证明该指标体系的损坏程度评价结果比现行规范中单纯考虑地表变形的方法更科学、客观,同时消除了原来I,IV级损坏再划分的模糊性和不确定性。     

Stimulation of Underground Degassing in Coal Seams by Hydraulic Fracturing Method

The problems preventing the use of mine hydraulic fracturing for stimulating the preliminary degassing in coal seams are considered. The solutions are presented for sealing the borehole interval by solidifying composition with initiator for transverse fracture of rocks. An original system for transportation of equipment along the holes and a robotized device for hydraulic fracturing of roof-and-floor selfsustaining rocks of coal seam are designed. The working fluid with a low-density proppant is proposed, which ensures creation of fractures with a high rate of methane migration.     

分段划分巨厚松散层移动角参数的方法

地层移动角参数对巨厚松散层矿井的建筑物保护煤柱尺寸影响很大，经济潜力十分巨大．目前我国绝大多数矿区，均采用一组松散层移动角参数整段设计留设建筑物保护煤柱的方法，该方法有时不尽合理．在淮北矿区巨厚松散层条件下，依据实测资料和土工实验结果，分析了土体性质随埋深的变化特征，论述了按土层埋深和沉积年代分段划分巨厚松散层移动角量参数的两种方法，并给出了淮北矿区相应的参考角量值．     

提高某难选铜硫矿石铜的回收率

研究某难选铜硫矿石的浮选工艺，提高铜回收率。在原矿含铜1．09％，含硫32％的情况下，采用磨矿细度-74μm占70％，以ZH-01为捕收剂，用（石灰＋Na2S＋KG）组合抑制剂抑硫浮铜，经一粗二扫二精的工艺流程选别，获得铜品位14．2％，回收率70．30％。金品位3．7g／t，回收率33．5％，尾矿即为硫精矿的较佳指标。铜和金回收率分别比现生产工艺提高10％和11％。     

某银铜铅锌多金属矿选矿工艺试验研究

针对某富含砷、锑的难选银铜铅锌多金属矿石,应用高效选铜药剂BK905B和高效选铅药剂BK906,采用适合该矿石性质的顺序优先浮选工艺,产出了供湿法冶金处理的铜精矿和单独的铅精矿及锌精矿。全流程闭路试验结果为:铜回收率为93 09%,铅和锌的总回收率分别为89 46%和92 08%。铜精矿和铅精矿中的金、银总回收率分别为57 44%、92 88%。该方案工艺简单,操作方便。     

7. Analysis and monitoring of the Miyana railway tunnel constructed using the New Austrian tunnelling method

This paper presents a case study of the New Austrian Tunnelling Model (NATM) for the construction of a double-track railway tunnel through semi-hard dolerite rocks. The Japanese National Railways have studied and employed the NATM for their various tunnel projects since around 1976, and this tunnel, the Miyana Tunnel, can be considered as a forerunner for the NATM application in Japan. The agreement or lack of agreement between the calculated and the measured values are compared for convergences, ground displacements, axial forces in rock bolts and stresses in shotcrete layers. Some characteristics of tunnelling in semi-hard rocks by the NATM are carefully studied, and the appropriate design systems are introduced for the establishment of safe and economical construction methods. The measured values are generally on the safe side when compared with the calculated values, and it is suggested that the preliminary design of a tunnel in semi-hard rock could be reasonably conceived and carried out by linear elastic numerical analysis using the finite element method.     

RTK技术在控制测量中的应用研究

GPS RTK(Real Time Kinematic)技术的快速定位功能为其应用创造了良好的条件,但其定位精度验后估计的欠缺又使其应用受到一定的限制。本文针对此问题进行了研究,给出了GPS RTK测量成果的精度估计方法,并对GPS RTK测量技术用于控制测量的可行性进行了探讨,导出了相应的测量限差,为CPS RTK测量技术用于控制测量提供了理论依据和技术规定。     

采空区应力变化监测及稳定性分析

采用光弹性应力计对某金矿采空区应力变化情况进行了长期监测，应用模糊C均值聚类算法对监测结果进行了聚类分析，据此，划分了采空区稳定性等级，并对维护采空区稳定性的关键矿柱作了较详细的讨论 ，得出的结论在工程实践中得到了验证。     

东昆仑东西大滩成矿规律及靶区预测

通过对东西大滩成矿远景区地层、岩浆岩、构造以及区域地球化学异常特征的分析,总结出该区的成矿规律,并对其成矿预测进行详细的分析。采用传统统计方法在本区内圈出Au、As、Sb等多处单元素异常,进而圈出4处综合异常。初步认为,该区主要赋矿层位为下三叠统巴颜喀拉山群,北西西向韧脆性断裂构造带及层间滑动控制着矿体展布,矿床类型主要有构造蚀变岩型锑金矿床和石英脉型锑金铜矿床,矿石矿物以低温金属矿物为主,区域地球化学表现为从西向东变异的独到特点,Au、Sb、As组合异常套合好、异常强度高的地段为有利找矿地段。最终圈出5个找矿靶区,在今后的找矿工作中具有重要的指示意义。     

A new approach for determining permeability characteristics of rock using slug testing techniques

A new technique of determining hydraulic flow characteristics of rock in the laboratory is presented. The technique is a laboratory simulation of a well known in situ ‘slug’ testing method where aquifer parameters are determined by the removal of water slug in a test borehole. The time taken for the water level in the borehole to return to its original rest level, is observed. The results are treated using an analytical technique, first developed by Theis [1]. The laboratory technique involves a test on a very small scale, with a slow rate of rise of water in a drill hole. The laboratory equipment and test procedure are described together with the advantages and limitations of the system. The technique offers an inexpensive, simple and effective method for determining the permeability of standard core samples, whilst keeping the amount of sample preparation to a minimum. The technique offers a potential for testing of most rock types under a variety of loading conditions.     

原地浸出采铀井型研究

介绍了目前世界各国地浸铀矿山中井场钻孔布置所采用的主要井型,分析了各种井型中抽、注液钻孔比例,讨论了不同井型中溶浸液的分配和井型选择应遵循的基本原则,指出了我国地浸铀矿山在井场钻孔布置中存在的问题,并提出了解决问题的建议。     

轴向流反应器分流板的优化设计研究

轴向流固定床反应器内气流的均布问题十分重要。本文建立了反应器和分流板的物理模型和三维流动数学模型,对其内部的流场进行了数值模拟,对比研究了分流板上开孔孔径、孔隙率等对流场均匀分布的影响,并在此基础上提出了分流板的改进建议。     

Analysis of the environmental effects of ground vibrations produced by blasting in quarries

This paper describes software to analyse the vibrations produced by blasts in quarries and their effects on surrounding structures. The methodology is easily extrapolated to other open pits with other rock masses. The software needs a small amount of input data and accounts for all the factors that play a role in vibration phenomena. The data that can be quantified are introduced directly as numerical values and those that are not quantified are simulated by the use of a random factor, thus giving a very realistic model. The software is especially suitable for quarries at full and continuous production where blasts are very similar. In these routine blasts, the vibrations are not usually a critical problem but are important enough that they should be observed and controlled. In applications such as these, this software is very useful due to its simplicity and ease of usage.     

低品位矿石微生物浸出作用机理研究

微生物种类及其作用机理是浸出低品位矿石的关键所在。将浸矿细菌分为中温菌、中等嗜热菌和高温菌三类,分别对其生长环境、外部形态特征和浸矿特性进行了系统、深入的研究,为浸矿菌种的选择提供依据。微生物作用机理至今还存在很大争议,普遍的观点认为主要有三种作用机理:直接作用、间接作用和直接———间接复合作用,本文将浸出体系中的细菌分为游离细菌和吸附细菌,提出了间接———接触间接———直接复合作用机理,并分析了各种情况下的主要作用机理。     

研山铁矿薄层状岩体露头裂隙几何参数空间变异特征研究

露天矿薄层状岩体中原生的"隐性"闭合层面为"显性"层状裂隙发育提供了基础,形成了不利于顺层边坡稳定性的岩体结构.提出了一套完整的方法流程用于大窗口范围内层状露头裂隙的非接触测量建模、几何特征参数提取及地质统计分析.以研山铁矿东帮顺层边坡为例,基于无人机倾斜摄像测量及EPS三维测图进行了大窗口范围的裂隙面和迹线测量建模,...     

露天矿卡车调度理论的系统研究

露天矿卡车调度理论，是实现露天矿计算机控制卡车调度系统的依据和保证，为实现适合我国矿山特点的调度系统，对露天矿卡车调度的理论进行了系统的研究，建立了卡车调度最佳路线的网络图论求解模型，求解车流规划的多目标规划模型，并通过模拟模型，模拟分析了各实时调度准则的优劣特性与应用范围。     

湘西金矿加强残矿回收的途径

湘西金矿是一个开采百余年的老矿山,作业中段多,其残柱、残矿也较多。本又总结了该矿加强残矿回收和二次回采充填料矿的技术工作经验和方法以及取得的结果。实践表明,这些经验和方法对缓解当时矿山深部开拓接替不上、供矿紧张、稳定黄金产量都具有明显的作用。     

某矿通风系统测定及分析

通过对某矿通风现状的全面分析,指出了目前通风系统的不足,并提出改进建议,以利于即将进行的扩改。本研究工作以期对于相似的矿山有一定的启发意义。