单乙醇脂肪酰胺的合合成及性能

以辛酸，癸酸，月桂酸，肉豆蔻酸，棕榈酸，硬胆酸和油酸为原料分别与单乙醇胺反应，合成了一系列单乙醇脂肪酰胺，上述产品经重结晶提纯后，测定了系列单乙醇脂肪酰胺对w(AES)=10%和w(Ninol)=3%等表面活性剂水溶液体系的增稠，泡沫性能和珠光效果，研究表明，各种意志乙醇脂肪酰胺可以分别用异丙醇，水，丙酮和石油醚重结晶，单乙醇脂肪酰胺为白色片状晶体，C12－C18的单乙醇脂肪酰胺有较好的增稠性能，其中单乙醇油酰胺最好，单乙醇月桂酰胺对体系发泡与稳泡有明显的促进作用，单乙醇硬脂酰胺在体系中有很好的珠光效果。     

椰油脂肪酸单乙醇酰胺性能研究

详细介绍了椰油脂肪酸单乙醇酰胺（简称ＦＭＡ，下同）的性能，给出了ＦＭＡ作为增稠剂，增泡稳泡剂在多种体系中粘度，泡沫等性能数据，并与椰油脂肪酸二乙醇酰安（简称６５０１，下同）作了比较，还考察了温度对粘度的影响及硬水硬度对泡沫性能的影响情况，结果表明，ＦＭＡ是一种十分有效的增稠剂，增泡稳定剂，在一般的液洗配方中增稠效果明显优于６５０１。     

椰油酰胺羟丙基磺基甜菜碱(CASB)的合成及泡沫性能研究

椰油酰胺羟丙基磺基甜菜碱(CASB)具有水溶性强、抗硬水、发泡力强、温争和易生物降解等优点,可用于泡沫驱油和日化用品等行业,具有较高的开发价值和广阔的应用前景.研究了CASB的合成较优条件和其泡沫性能.结果表明,n(椰油酰胺丙二胺): n(3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠)=1:1.3,反应时间5 h和反应温度100℃下,叔胺...     

脂肪酰胺丙基氧化胺的性能及应用研究

测试了不同碳链的脂肪酰胺丙基氧化胺的去污、润湿、泡沫和乳化性能,考察了其在配方中的增稠及耐寒性能,并与椰油基烷醇酰胺对比。实验结果表明,不同碳链的脂肪酰胺丙基氧化胺的去污力和泡沫力均好于椰油基烷醇酰胺,润湿力则不如椰油基烷醇酰胺,前者在配方中的增稠性能均优于后者,耐寒性能方面,月桂基酰胺丙基氧化胺（LAO）、椰油酰胺丙基氧化胺（CAO）与椰油烷醇酰胺（6501）相近,高碳酰胺丙基氧化胺则要差于椰油基烷醇酰胺。     

抗凝析油泡排剂SH-1的泡沫性能研究与应用

对抗凝析油气井起泡剂SH-1[其配方组成(质量比)为三聚环氧六氟丙烷酰胺甜菜碱∶椰油酸单乙醇酰胺磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠∶椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱∶辅料=(5～10)∶(15～20)∶(20～30)∶(50～60)]的抗高凝析油、高矿化度及抗硫化氢等性能进行综合评价。经室内和现场试验表明,加入SH-1质量浓度为0.5%时,泡沫的稳定性、起泡性能及携液量优良,该泡排剂性能优异,达到了Q/SY 1815—2015《排水采气用起泡剂技术规范》中技术要求,增产效果显著,适用于含凝析油、高矿化度地层水及含硫化氢较高的天然气井积液的排除,也适用于一般气水井,可在各类气田应用。     

烷醇酰胺对洗洁精泡沫的影响

将几种常用的烷醇酰妥分别加入洗洁精中,用罗氏泡沫仪测定它们的泡沫高度.结果表明,当洗洁精总活性物含量不变时,在无油污的情况下,椰油酰二乙醇1:2型无增泡作用;1:1.5型和1:1型在加量2%以下微有增泡效果;加量3%以上会使泡沫下降,椰油酰单乙醇胺有消泡现象.在油污存在时,几种烷醇酰胺均元增泡作用,且有不同程度的降泡效果.烷醇酰胺不宜用作洗洁精的增泡剂.     

月桂酸单乙醇酰胺硫酸酯盐的合成与性能

通过一系列反应合成了月桂酸单乙醇酰胺硫酸酯盐(以下简称C12MSN),测定了在303 K下的表面化学性质及泡沫、去污、润湿等应用性能,研究了C12MSN与酯基Gemin i型季铵盐(以下简称Ⅱ-12-3)溶液复配体系的性质。结果显示,C12MSN的临界胶束浓度是2.79×10-3mol/L,其表面张力为25.42 mN/m,泡沫性好。发现n(C12MSN)∶n(Ⅱ-12-3)=7∶3复配时有较好的协同效应。     

棕榈酰胺丙基甜菜碱两性表面活性剂的合成及其性能

以棕榈酸、N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺为原料,通过酰胺缩合反应合成中间产物——棕榈酰胺丙基二甲基叔胺,再与氯乙酸钠反应合成了两性表面活性剂——棕榈酰胺丙基甜菜碱(PAPB),并考察了反应温度和时间、反应物物质的量比、催化剂KOH用量和4A分子筛对棕榈酸转化率的影响;通过红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对产物结构进行了表征;测试合成产物及其复配体系的表面活性。得到的酰胺缩合反应的最佳条件为:反应温度160℃、反应时间10 h、n(N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺)∶n(棕榈酸)=1.05∶1.00,KOH用量为反应物总质量的0.5%,在该条件下,棕榈酸的转化率可达92.4%;产物的临界胶束浓度CMC为1.12×10~(-4)mol/L,γ_(CMC)为31.63 m N/m,对苯的增溶能力为X=4 980 m L/mol。     

新型非离子性增黏剂的开发及其在化妆品中的应用

聚氧丙烯(1)椰油酸单异丙醇酰胺(商品名Amizett IPC)是一种新型的非离子型增黏剂。不仅具有与椰油酸二乙醇酰胺(6501)同等的增黏效果，还具有增泡性、泡沫稳定性、在配方中的低温稳定性以及广泛的pH范围内的产品稳定性。该产品融点低于椰油酸-乙醇酰胺，制剂操作方便。尤其值得重视的是该产品的安全性能。对皮肤和眼睛剌激性低微。变异原性也呈阴性。最后，还介绍了香波、浴剂和洗面奶等化妆品的应用实例。     

椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱的合成与表征

以椰油酸甲酯、N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺、氯乙酸和NaOH为原料,KOH为催化剂合成椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱。考察了N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺与椰油酸甲酯的投料比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对主反应椰油酰胺丙基二甲胺合成的影响。结果表明,较佳工艺条件为:n(N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺)∶n(椰油酸甲酯)=1.15∶1,w(催化剂)=3.0%,反应温度为210℃,反应时间为25 min,此条件下椰油酸甲酯的转化率达到99.70%。采用红外光谱、质谱和高效液相色谱对目标产物结构进行了确认。     

棕榈酰三肽-5皮肤美白功效及机制研究

采用MTT法检测细胞存活率,利用α-促黑素(α-MSH)诱导的B16小鼠黑色素瘤细胞模型和UVB照射诱导豚鼠皮肤色素沉着模型对棕榈酰三肽-5的美白功效进行评价。研究了其对细胞内酪氨酸酶活性、小眼畸形相关转录因子(MITF)和酪氨酸酶m RNA水平的影响。结果表明,棕榈酰三肽-5能够显著降低上清及细胞内的黑色素水平且无细胞毒性。进一步研究发现,棕榈酰三肽-5通过抑制酪氨酸酶活性,下调MITF和酪氨酸酶的mRNA水平,从而抑制黑色素的生成。在动物模型中,棕榈酰三肽-5能够显著降低UVB照射诱导的豚鼠皮肤色素沉着和黑色素分布区域灰度值(P0.05)。     

季铵盐型洗手液的制备及其抗菌性能研究

通过对原料的选择和配方的优化,制备了一种季铵盐型抗菌洗手液。该洗手液配方(以质量分数计)由0.75%十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES),2.25%十四烷基甲基二羟乙基溴化铵(TMDAB),20%椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(CAB-35),0.25%醇醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠盐(MES),1.5%椰子油二乙醇酰胺(6501),1%甘油,0.1%二羟甲基海因(DMDMH),少量香精及色素,少量柠檬酸调p H和余量的蒸馏水组成。经过测试表明该洗手液对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率达到99.99%和100%,产品稳定性、起泡性好,生产成本较低,与市售的某些抗菌洗手液相比,该洗手液显示出一定的优越性。     

铵盐体系香波泡沫性能的研究

研究了两种铵盐型阴离子表面活性剂与烷基单乙醇酰胺、烷基二乙醇酰胺等复配体系在不同水硬度条件下的泡沫性能 ;考察了乳化硅油、羊毛脂、十八醇、珠光剂、香精、阳离子表面活性剂及聚合阳离子化合物等添加剂在香波体系中不同水硬度条件下对发泡性能的影响。实验条件下所有体系的稳泡性均较好 ,LSA与AESA复配后泡沫力增大 ,其中AE SA含量需 <1 0 % ;含烷基单乙醇酰胺香波体系的泡沫性能优于含烷基二乙醇酰胺的 ;羊毛脂和乳化硅油对香波泡沫的影响较大 ,而其它添加剂对香波泡沫的影响不大。     

棉籽油酸二乙醇酰胺的合成及应用研究

提出一步法由棉籽油酸甲酯与二乙醇胺缩合高选择性地合成棉籽油酸二乙醇酰胺的工艺。适宜的一步法工艺条件是：０７％ＫＯＨ、７０℃、稍减压（残压约７３ｋＰａ）、反应２ｈ。实验室制备的１∶１６型棉籽油酸二乙醇酰胺接近椰子油酸二乙醇酰胺的去污力,它与ＴＸ １０及烷基苯磺酸钠共用可使０＃柴油形成微乳液,它能使普通碳钢耐５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸的锈蚀。     

Synthesis of Alkanolamide: a Nonionic Surfactant from the Oil of Gliricidia sepium

Oil of Gliricidia sepium with high contents of C18:2 (32.2 ± 0.3%) and C18:1 (23.8 ± 0.5%) fatty acids was used in the preparation of diethanolamide and epoxidised diethanolamide via transamidation. The epoxidised diethanolamide was synthesized by peroxyformic acid generated in situ by reacting formic acid and hydrogen peroxide with the oil of G. sepium, a renewable resource. The formation of the amide was monitored and confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The epoxidised diethanolamide showed better surface-active properties than the diethanolamide in terms of emulsion stability, wetting property and foaming power.     

椰子油酰基芳香族氨基酸盐的绿色合成与性能评价

采用绿色合成方法,利用椰子油与含芳香环取代基的组氨酸钠、苯丙氨酸钠、酪氨酸钠直接进行酰胺化反应制备了3种椰子油酰基芳香族氨基酸盐.采用HPLC-MS、FTIR对产物组成和结构进行了表征,并对合成产品的性能进行了测定.结果表明,椰子油酰基氨基酸盐表面活性剂的界面性能受氨基酸结构的影响较大,椰子油酰基苯丙氨酸钠与椰子油酰基组氨酸钠的临界胶束浓度(CMC)分别为9.84×10–5和6.79×10–5 mol/L,均远小于椰子油酰基酪氨酸钠的CMC(1.54×10–2 mol/L).3种椰子油酰基氨基酸盐表面活性剂均具有良好的乳化性、起泡性及泡沫稳定性,乳液分出10 mL水相最长需要342 s,泡沫高度最高达到157 mm,稳泡性参数,即发泡结束后30 min时泡沫高度(H5)与0 min泡沫高度(H1)比值(H5/H1)最高达到0.898;耐硬水性等同或优于皂类;在蒸馏水中的去污力与十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)、α-烯基磺酸钠(AOS)、椰子油钠皂等传统表面活性剂相当.     

The result of feeding palmitoyl glycerol on lymph and plasma lipids

Palmitoyl glycerol is toxic when fed to mice, but the toxicity is alleviated by supplementing the toxic diet with 2–4% oleate or linoleate at the expense of sucrose. Lipid and fatty acid composition of lymph and plasma were studied in mice fed chow and palmitoyl glycerol diets to help explain the toxicity mechanism. When mice were fed chow, intestinal lymph contained a high proportion of saturated fatty acids; when they were given palmitoyl glycerol, the proportion approached 90% saturated fatty acids. The cholesteryl ester fraction was higher in lymph from mice fed a toxic diet than when the diet was fortified with supplemental safflower oil. However, there were no differences between diets in lipid composition of blood plasma. Similarly, except for plasma cholesterol esters, there were no differences in fatty acid composition between mice fed palmitoyl glycerol as the only fat or supplemented with a protective unsaturated fat. In the plasma, cholesteryl palmitate was elevated and cholesteryl oleate and cholesteryl linoleate were depressed when mice were given a toxic diet. Although a monoacylglycerol was toxic when fed, the percentages of monoacylglycerols in lymph or plasma were not materially elevated. The findings indicate that neither the total proportion of saturated fatty acids nor the amount of circulating monoacylglycerols was directly involved in the toxicity of palmitoyl glycerol.     

Studies of differential turnover of palmitoyl and stearoyl species of glycerophosphatides using labeled unsaturated acids

Normal and bile fistula rats were injected with 1-¹⁴C-linoleate and arachidonate as albumin complex and the glycerides and glycerophosphatides of the liver and bile were isolated at various time intervals. The distribution of radioactivity among the individual molecular species was determined by thin layer and radio gas chromatography and specific enzymic hydrolyses. At 30 min after administration of linoleate 30% of the radioactivity in liver was in lecithins and 8% in cephalins, while at 120 min 48% was in lecithins and 16% in cephalins. After arachidonate, 58% and 64% of the counts were in lecithins and 12% to 13% in the cephalins at the above periods of sampling. The specific activity of the palmitoyl linoleoyl lecithins and cephalins was two to three times higher than that of the corresponding stearoyl linoleoyl species, which was of the same order but much lower magnitude than found previously for lecithins using labeled phosphate and choline. The palmitoyl and stearoyl species of arachidonoyl lecithins possessed equal specific activities, in sharp contrast to previous findings with radioactive phosphate, which showed a 12 times higher specific activity for the palmitoyl arachidonate. The palmitoyl arachidonoyl cephalins had two to three times greater specific activity than the corresponding stearoyl species in agreement with previous work using labeled phosphate. The distribution of radioactivity suggests that the arachidonate was incorporated into the lecithins largely via acyl transfer, while the linoleate contributed to both acyl transfer and de novo synthesis. Interpretation of the mechanism of uptake of these acids into the cephalins awaits further studies. Presented in part at the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Meeting, Atlantic City, April 1970.     

Aspergillus oryzae Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Dioleoyl; Palmitoyl-Rich Triacylglycerols in Two Reactors

Dioleoyl; palmitoyl‐rich triacylglycerols (OPO‐rich TAG) were synthesized through Aspergillus oryzae lipase (AOL)‐catalyzed acidolysis of palm stearin with commercial oleic acid by a one‐step process in a stirred tank reactor and continuous packed bed reactor to evaluate the feasibility of using immobilized AOL. AOL was found to be valuable for the synthesis of OPO‐rich TAG when compared with commercial lipase from Thermomyces lanuginose (Lipozyme^® TL IM; Novozymes A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark). The C52 (triglycerides with a carbon number of 52, stands for OPO, OPL, LPL and their isomers) content of AOL was higher (45.65 %), and the intensity of treatment (IOT: lipase amount × reaction time/TAG amount) of AOL was just 6.25 % of that of Lipozyme^® TL IM under similar reaction conditions in the stirred tank reactor. Response surface methodology were used to optimize the reaction conditions of the AOL‐catalyzed acidolysis is reaction in the packed bed reactor. The optimal point for the set of experimental conditions generated were as follows: residence time 3.0 h; temperature 62.09 °C; substrate molar ratio 7.13 mol/mol. The highest C52 content obtained was 48.60 ± 2.36 %, with 57.46 ± 1.72 % total palmitic acid at the sn‐2 position and 74.21 ± 2.45 % oleic acid at the sn‐1,3 positions. The half‐life of AOL was 24 h in the stirred tank reactor and 140 h in the packed bed reactor. The immobilized AOL achieved similar conversion and selectivity to commercial lipases for the catalyzed synthesis of OPO‐rich TAG and may offer a cheaper alternative.