水火弯板加热参数对钛合金板材组织和性能的影响

通过研究钛合金在不同加热参数下进行水火弯板后的组织和性能 ,分析了水火弯板的加热温度和加热次数对钛合金的组织和性能的影响。结果表明 ,在 60 0～ 90 0℃范围内进行水火弯板时 ,合金的性能同室温的相比 ,随着加热温度的升高 ,合金的σb 有所增加 ,而σ0 .2 和δ5均较大幅度地减小。随着加热次数的增加 ,合金的σb 和σ0 .2 逐渐增加 ,而δ5则逐渐减小。合金的塑性和韧性随着加热温度的升高和加热次数的增加而下降 ,这是由表面产生脆性层和晶粒长大所造成的     

退火热处理对TA15钛合金组织性能的影响

研究了不同的退火热处理制度对TA15钛合金显微组织、室温拉伸性能、高温拉伸性能、室温冲击韧性及硬度的影响。结果表明：在相变点以上温度退火,合金具有较高的室温、高温强度,但室温塑性、高温塑性、室温冲击韧性较低;在相变点以下温度退火,合金的室温、高温断裂强度在860℃退火时出现峰值,而室温塑性、高温断面收缩率和室温冲击韧性则随着退火温度的升高而提高;同单重退火相比,双重退火、三重退火对提高合金性能的作用不大。     

挤压变形Mg一4Zn一xNd—O．5Zr合金的组织与性能

本文研究了分别加入0．5％、1．0％和1．5％Nd的挤压变形Mg一4Zn—O．5Zr合金经T5、T6热处理后的显微组织、拉伸性能和断裂行为,探讨了热处理对合金的组织与性能的影响。结果表明：晶粒尺寸按T6态、挤压态和T5态的顺序依次减小。三种舍金的拉伸性能均随Nd含量增加呈先升后降的趋势。T6处理使合金的拉伸性能降低,T5处理则有效地提高了合金的拉伸性能。     

低密度高阻尼金属/金属复合材料

采用快速凝固 /粉末冶金法制备了Al-7Fe -1 .4Mo -1 .4Si(FMS0 71 4)合金及其复合材料FMS0 71 4/xAl(x=1 0～ 2 0 )和FMS0 71 4/y(Zn-3 0Al) (y =1 0～ 2 0 )w(B) / % .运用三点弯曲法、拉伸试验和阿基米德法分别测试了其阻尼性能、拉伸性能和密度 .结果表明 :FMS0 71 4合金本身即具有较好的阻尼性能 .添加纯Al粉对其阻尼性能影响不大 ;而添加Zn-3 0Al合金粉则显著提高其阻尼性能 .FMS0 71 4合金及其复合材料的阻尼性能与拉伸强度均优于LD7CS合金 .其中 ,FMS0 71 4/ 1 5 (Zn-3 0Al)具有最佳的综合性能 ,在航空和航天领域显示出良好的应用前景 .     

金属断裂表面分形维数与组织、性能之间的关系

借助分形研究了拉伸条件下,分形维数 D_F 与拉伸性能之间的关系,讨论了显微组织对分形维数的影响,并把冲击韧性与分形维数之间的关系和拉伸性能与分形维数之间的关系进行了比较。实验结果表明,拉伸性能与分形维数只存在定性关系。延伸率与分形维数成正比,强度σ_b、σ_s与分形维数成反比,显微组织对分形维数有重要影响。断裂方式对分形维数、断裂性质以及两者的对应关系也有重要影响。     

热处理对0Cr17Ni5Mo3钢组织和性能的影响

研究了热处理对0Cr17Ni5Mo3钢显微组织和性能的影响.结果表明,固溶温度在一定范围内对拉伸、冲击性能的影响不明显;470C时抗拉强度达最高值,在450C附近时效出现回火脆性,冲击韧性处于低谷.     

TC4钛合金的低温拉伸性能

通过对合金的显微组织、相组成以及拉伸性能曲线的分析,研究了243K低温下TC4钛合金的拉伸行为,结果表明:243K低温环境下TC4钛合金的拉伸强度和屈服强度都有所提高,但延伸率有一定程度的下降;合金的显微结构在光学显微尺度上没有明显变化,但α固溶体的取向性变小.     

热处理对铸态Zn-5%Al合金的相变超塑性的影响

研究表明,铸态Zn-5%Al(质量分数,下同)共晶合金在20～350C热循环相变条件下进行拉伸时具有超塑性,当施加的初始外应力σ0低于1-4MPa时,铸态Zn-5%Al合金一次热循环过程中的应变增量εt与应力σ0成线性关系,符合Greenwood-Johnson的相变超塑性模型.热循环过程中,铸态Zn-5%Al合金产生的相变内应力变形主要通过α/β界面间的扩散来快速协调.未经淬火处理的铸态Zn-5?合金,共晶组织中的α相呈长条状,界面扩散协调效果较差,因而超塑性延伸率较低;而经过淬火处理以后,α相发生球化,其条状长度变短,而且淬火保温时间越长,α相的球化程度越高,在进行热循环相变拉伸时,对内应力塑性变形的扩散协调效果越好,因而更容易获得较大的应变速率和较高的断裂延伸率.     

Al对GH4169合金冲击性能的影响

研究了Al对GH4169合金晶界相的析出和冲击性能的影响.结果表明,提高Al含量可抑制晶界δ相的析出,促进晶界Laves相、M7C3相和σ相等有害相的析出;随着Al含量的提高,GH4169合金的室温冲击性能明显降低,冲击断口由穿晶型转变为沿晶型.提高Al含量所导致的Laves相等有害脆性相的析出降低了晶界强度,使晶界裂纹更容易萌生和扩展,降低了GH4169合金的冲击韧性.     

挤压对喷射成形Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si铝合金组织与性能的影响

采用喷射成形和挤压工艺制备了Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si合金,通过金相、扫描电镜和力学性能测试等实验分析了挤压件的组织和性能。结果表明:沉积态合金中,相组成主要为α-Al、α-Al12(Fe,V)3Si相,除此之外,合金中还含有少量的具有单斜结构的θ-Al13Fe4。挤压态合金在室温下的抗拉强度(σb)达到了415 MPa,屈服强度(σ0.2)达到了345MPa,延伸率(δ5)可达到22.5%;随着拉伸温度的升高,合金的拉伸强度和屈服强度都下降,而合金的延伸率则呈现"下降-上升"的中温脆性规律。     

Effects of Ca addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91magnesium alloy

The effects of Ca addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 magnesium alloy have been studied. The results show that the Ca addition can refine the microstructure, reduce the quantity of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase, and form new Al₂Ca phase in AZ91 magnesium alloy. With the Ca addition, the tensile strength and elongation of AZ91magnesium alloy at ambient temperature are reduced, whereas Ca addition confers elevated temperature strengthening on AZ91 magnesium alloy. The tensile strength at 150°C increases with increasing Ca content. The impact toughness of AZ91magnesium alloy increases, and then declines as the Ca content increases. The tensile and impact fractographs exhibit intergranular fracture features, Ca addition changes the pattern and quantity of tearing ridge, with radial or parallel tearing ridge increasing, tensile strength, elongation and impact toughness reduce.     

镍铝青铜BAl7-7-2-2合金摩擦磨损性能分析

分析了镍铝青铜BAl7-7-2-2合金及其热处理后的金相组织、硬度、拉伸性能、冲击韧性和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,镍铝青铜BAl7-7-2-2合金经热处理后,组织发生再结晶细化,κ相析出减少,强度、硬度降低,冲击性能显著提高;BAl7-7-2-2合金摩擦系数低于QAl9-4合金的,热处理后摩擦系数继续减小,减摩性能优异;BAl7-7-2-2合金的磨损率高于QAl9-4合金的,热处理后磨损率降低,磨痕宽度和深度减小,耐磨性得到提高,接近QAl9-4合金的水平。     

Effect of welding wire and groove angle on mechanical properties of high strength steel welded joints

Mechanical properties of high strength steel welded joints strictly depend on the welding process, the filler material composition and the welding geometry. This study investigates the effects of using cored and solid welding wires and implementing various groove angles on the mechanical performance of weld joints which were fabricated employing the gas metal arc welding process. It was found that weld joints of low alloy, high strength steels using low alloy steel cored welding wires exhibited higher tensile strength than that of low alloy steel solid wire and chromium‐nickel steel bare welding wire when the method of gas metal arc welding is employed. The effect of groove angle on the strength and toughness of V‐groove and double V‐groove butt‐joints was investigated. V‐groove joints, with higher tensile strength than double V‐groove joints in the whole range of groove angles, were superior in toughness for small groove angles, but impact toughness values of both joints were comparable for large angles. The effect of heat input and cooling rate on the weld microstructure and weld strength was also investigated by performing thermal analysis employing the commercial software ANSYS. It was concluded that cooling rate and solidification growth rate determined the microstructure of the weld zone which had great consequences in regard to mechanical properties.     

热输入对高强度气体保护焊丝焊缝金属强韧性的影响

采用拉伸、冲击试验和显微组织观察,研究了热输入在10~27 kJ/cm时对超低碳气体保护焊丝焊缝金属强度、韧性及显微组织的影响。结果表明,随着焊接热输入的增加,焊缝金属的强度和韧性呈下降趋势,其原因在于,随热输入的提高,合金元素烧损增多,焊缝冷却时间延长,焊缝金属高温再热区中强度较低、韧性较差的铁素体含量增加。     

Dynamic Tensile Fracture Behaviours of Selected Aluminum Alloys under Various Loading Conditions

Experiments investigating dynamic tensile fracture were performed on the extruded rods of 2024‐T4 and 7075‐T6 aluminum alloys under varying loading conditions. The initial yield stress and fracture strain of 7075‐T6 alloy obtained in spilt Hopkinson tension bar tests are higher than that of 2024‐T4 alloy. But the initiation fracture toughness and spall strength of 2024‐T4 alloy are higher than those of 7075‐T6 alloy in three‐point bending and plate impact experiments, which indicates that 2024‐T4 alloy has better crack initiation tolerance and stronger spall failure resistance. Based on metallurgical investigations by using optical and scanning electron microscopes, it is revealed that the microstructure has a profound effect on the dynamic tensile fracture mechanism of each aluminum alloy. The 2024‐T4 alloy is relatively brittle due to voids or cracks nucleated at many coherent CuMgAl₂ precipitate phases in the grain interiors, and the fracture mode is predominantly transgranular. The 7075‐T6 alloy exhibits relatively ductile fracture because voids or cracks growth is partly intergranular along the grain boundaries and partly transgranular by void formation around coarse intermetallic particles. The obvious differences of damage distribution and void coalescence mechanisms for 2024‐T4 and 7075‐T6 alloys under plate impact are also discussed.     

厚板铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的冲击性能

采用搅拌摩擦焊对厚度为30 mm的2A12铝合金板材进行对焊连接,分析了接头不同厚度处的微观组织与冲击性能。结果表明:随着热输入量的减少,接头上层的晶粒相比于下层出现了粗化现象,导致接头上层区域的冲击韧性低于下层。焊核区晶粒最为细小,热机影响区次之,热影响区晶粒最为粗大;焊核区的冲击韧性高于热影响区,热机影响区由于存在微型裂纹,所以冲击韧性最低。焊核区上层的晶粒尺寸小于热机影响区下层的晶粒尺寸,但焊核区上层的冲击韧性低于热机影响区下层的冲击韧性,这是由于焊核区所含的Al₂CuMg脆性第二相的数量较多。焊接接头冲击韧性的变化不仅与焊缝不同区域的微观组织变化有关,还与该区域的第二相数量有关。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-deposited and heat-treated additive manufactured 9Cr steel

Wire arc additive manufacturing technology has been applied to fabricate 9Cr ferritic/martensitic steel. The steel is widely used in the power industries because of good performances. The effects of different heat treatment conditions on microstructure, hardness, tensile properties, and Charpy impact toughness were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the as-deposited condition consists of untempered lath martensitic with high strength and low toughness. It was found that heat treatment can change the microstructure characteristics. Moreover, samples after heat treatment have been observed with high elongation and impact toughness but relatively low hardness and tensile strength. The better combination of strength, ductility and microstructure were obtained for the normalising temperature of 1323?K and tempering temperature of 1033?K.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiAl-based Alloy

Two phases gamma titanium aluminide alloy,Ti-46.5Al-2.5V-1Cr.was investigated to characterizemicrostructures and to define the microstructure/mechanical property relationship.Many kinds ofmicrostructure of gamma and α_2 phases were obtained by heat treatments in the α+γ,α_2+γ and αfields.The effects of microstructure on tensile properties,fracture toughness and J-R resistancecurve at room temperature,were systematically studied.The experimental results showed that themicrostructure had a strong effect on mechanical properties,The duplex microstructure produced byheat treatment at 1250℃×4 h with controlled cooling resulted in the highest ductility of 4.8% tensileelongation,low fracture toughness and crack growth resistance.The fully lamellar microstructureproduced by heat treatment in the α field having large grain sizes resulted in the highest fracturetoughness but the lowest ductility.     

选区激光熔化24CrNiMoY合金钢组织演化与力学性能

目的 为了获取具有高抗拉强度与高伸长率的24CrNiMoY合金钢,用选区激光沉积(SLM)方法进行打印。方法 以24CrNiMoY合金钢粉末为材料,当搭接宽度为0.09 mm、扫描角度为67°、扫描线长度为10 mm、扫描速度为1 000 mm/s时,在能量密度分别为102、116、129、142 J/mm³条件下打印合金钢样品,采用金相、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜及拉伸试验等分析手段,对制备样品的微观组织和力学性能进行研究。结果 在所采用的能量密度范围内,SLM制备24CrNiMoY合金钢的显微组织主要是板条马氏体组织,随着能量密度的增加,样品内部的气孔缺陷先减少后增加,硬度和拉伸性能以及冲击韧性呈现先升高后降低的趋势。在能量密度为116 J/mm³时,打印合金钢样品具有最优的综合力学性能,致密度为99.53%,硬度为(388±5.9)HV0.2,抗拉强度为(1 210±11) MPa,屈服强度为(1 124±10) MPa,断后伸长率为(6.2±0.4)%,冲击韧性为80 J/cm²。结论 在SLM打印24CrNIMoY合金钢样品中,较高的致密度及精细的板条马氏体是合金钢样品具有良好力学性能的关键要素,该研究可为SLM打印高抗拉强度与高伸长率的24CrNiMoY合金钢制动盘零件提供重要参考。