阻燃剂六(4-酰腙基-2-甲氧基苯氧基)环三磷腈的合成及对ABS树脂的阻燃

以六氯环三磷腈为原料,与香兰醛发生亲核取代反应制得六(4-甲酰基-2-甲氧基苯氧基)环三聚磷腈(Ⅰ),Ⅰ再与取代酰肼反应得到相应的六(4-酰腙基-2-甲氧基苯氧基)环三磷腈类化合物(Ⅱa~Ⅱg),利用IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、ESI-MS和元素分析对化合物的结构进行了表征;并用化合物(Ⅱa~Ⅱg)对ABS树脂进行阻燃处理,测试了其限氧指数和UL 94垂直燃烧性能。结果表明,化合物(Ⅱa~Ⅱg)对ABS树脂均具有显著地阻燃效果,化合物Ⅱe、Ⅱf阻燃效果最好。     

阻燃剂六(4-酰腙基-2-甲氧基苯氧基)环三磷腈的合成及对ABS树脂的阻燃研究

以六氯环三磷腈为原料,与香兰醛发生亲核取代制得六(4-甲酰基-2-甲氧基苯氧基)环三聚磷腈（I）,I再与取代酰肼反应得到相应的六(4-酰腙基-2-甲氧基苯氧基)环三磷腈类化合物（IIa-IIg）,利用IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、ESI-MS和元素分析对化合物的结构进行了表征;并用该化合物（IIa-IIg）对ABS树脂进行阻燃处理,测试了其限氧指数和UL 94垂直燃烧性能。结果表明,所合成的化合物（IIa-IIg）对ABS树脂均具有显著地阻燃效果,化合物IIe、IIf阻燃效果最好。     

环三磷腈磷酸酯衍生物的合成及结构鉴定

以六氟环三磷腈和对溴苯酚为原料、碳酸钾为催化剂、丙酮为溶剂,在氮气保护下合成六（4-溴苯氧基）环三磷腈,再与三乙氧基磷反应制得环三磷腈磷酸酯的衍生物。通过1^HNMR、13^CNMR、31^PNMR对中间化合物和目标化合物进行了结构表征。     

六氯环三磷腈的催化合成研究

采用缚酸剂/复式催化剂体系合成了六氯环三磷腈（HCCP）。研究了催化剂的种类、反应时间、投料比和原料粒径等因素对六氯环三磷腈合成反应产率的影响,并采用红外、XRD、核磁共振、熔点测试等分析手段对其进行了表征。结果表明,n（NH₄Cl）:n（PCl₅）=.2:1反应时间3 h为最佳合成工艺条件,产率最高可达到72%。     

六氯环三磷腈的合成进展

六氯环三磷腈是一种重要的中间体,具有多种用途。为了促进我国磷腈化合物研究开发,主要介绍了六氯环三磷腈的性质、合成方法和分离提纯技术,并提出了自己的见解     

苯氧基环磷腈合成处理方法的改进及表征

苯氧基环三磷腈是一种重要的磷腈化合物,而苯氧基环磷腈（PCPZ）的制备会产生大量的副产物和过量的苯酚钠存在,使得合成实验的后处理较复杂且得很难得到纯度很高的产物。利用苯酚钠和六氯环三磷腈制备的苯氧基环三磷腈,根据产物易溶于四氢呋喃但难溶于水这一特点,找到了一种很简单的方法,使产物在大量水中结晶析出。这个方法操作方便,通...     

六氯环三磷腈的合成进展

六氯环三磷腈是一种重要的中间体,具有多种用途。为了促进我国磷腈化合物研究开发,主要介绍了六氯环三磷腈的性质、合成方法和分离提纯技术,并提出了自己的见解。     

六氯环三磷腈合成新工艺

提出了五氯化磷气化法合成六氯环三磷腈新工艺。以氮气做载气,五氯化磷气态进料,与氯化铵在惰性有机溶剂中催化反应合成了六氯环三磷腈。在N2流量60mL/min,五氯化磷升华温度170℃,溶剂用量110mL,反应温度131±1℃,ZnCl20.1g,PCl523.1g,NH4Cl5.4g,反应时间185min条件下得粗磷腈12.0g,收率92.31%。经精制,得到六氯环三磷腈7.9g,总产率达40%(以五氯化磷计)。产品六氯环三磷腈熔点112.4～114℃。元素分析结果N11.98%,P26.50%,Cl60.64%;用IR谱、质谱进行了表征。     

六(2,4,6-三溴苯氧基)环三磷腈(BPCPZ)的合成、热性能及应用

以六氯环三磷腈与2,4,6-三溴苯酚反应,制得有机磷腈化合物六(2,4,6-溴苯氧基)环三磷腈(BPCPZ).用红外、核磁、质谱及元素分析对产物结构进行了表征.研究了溶剂、原料配比、反应温度和反应时间对产物收率的影响.结果表明,合成的最佳条件是:四氢呋喃为溶剂,反应物料配比为n(三溴苯酚) ∶n(六氯环三磷腈)=6.5...     

一种改进的方法合成六氯环三磷腈

报道合成六氯环三磷腈的一种改进的方法,即以氯化铵和五氯化磷为原料,吡啶为缚酸剂两步合成目标产物,吡啶可以吸收反应生成的氯化氢气体,加快反应速度,大大缩短反应时间,并考察了反应物配比、缚酸剂用量、反应时间等对六氯环三磷腈合成反应的影响,最佳反应条件下,收率达89.4%,最后对产物进行红外光谱和熔点测定的分析。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。