苯基次膦酸铝用于玻纤增强PBT的无卤阻燃

采用一种新型次膦酸盐阻燃剂苯基次膦酸铝复配三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐对玻纤增强聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)进行无卤阻燃改性。通过热重分析研究了阻燃剂的加入对体系热分解过程的影响,通过氧指数、UL-94垂直燃烧及锥形量热测试研究了阻燃体系的阻燃性能。研究表明,苯基次膦酸铝与三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐复配比例为1∶1时阻燃效果最好,材料氧指数达到26.0%,通过UL-94 V-0级,同时样品热释放速率HRR降低至146 kW/m2,热重分析表明,两种阻燃剂之间通过化学反应促进了材料的提前分解,有利于在材料表面形成保护性炭层,从而提高了材料的阻燃性能。     

无卤阻燃原理及无卤阻燃技术的发展方向

本文阐述了金属水合物、红磷及膨胀型阻燃剂的阻燃机理，综述了无卤阻燃技术的发展方向。     

苯基膦酸铈与十溴二苯醚阻燃玻璃纤维增强聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯复合材料

通过熔融共混方法制备苯基膦酸铈（CeHPP）与十溴二苯醚（DBDPO）复配阻燃玻璃纤维增强聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（GF/PET）复合材料。采用热失重分析（TGA）测试研究了DBDPO-CeHPP对GF/PET复合材料热稳定性的影响。同时利用垂直燃烧（UL-94）、极限氧指数（LOI）及微型锥形量热（MCC）测试表征DBDPO-CeHPP-GF/PET复合材料的阻燃性能。使用SEM对DBDPO-CeHPP-GF/PET复合材料的残炭表面形貌进行观察分析。结果表明,DBDPO与CeHPP复配后对DBDPO-CeHPP-GF/PET体系的热性能和阻燃性能都有很大的影响。其中,GF/PET复合材料与DBDPO和CeHPP质量比为91:6:3时,DBDPO-CeHPP-GF/PET复合材料的LOI高达29.5%,可以通过UL-94 V-0级。在MCC测试中,与纯GF/PET复合材料相比,该配比的DBDPO-CeHPP-GF/PET复合材料总热释放（THR）、热释放速率峰值（PHRR）及热熔（HRC）分别下降了10.2%、13.1%和12.8%。结合残炭形貌的测试结果,对DBDPO-CeHPP-GF/PET复合材料的阻燃机制进行了适当的解释分析。      

环保型无卤阻燃聚丙烯的研制

目前一些发达国家已开始禁止使用含各种卤素阻燃剂的塑料制品。随着我国环保标准的提高，减少使用或不使用卤素阻燃剂必将成为塑料行业的趋势，因此研制无卤、低烟的环堡型阻燃聚丙烯（PP）有着十分重要的现实意义。江苏技术师范学院应用材料研究所周健采用几种不同类型的无卤阻燃剂研制环保型阻燃聚丙烯（PP）。结果表明，Mg（OH）2复合阻燃体系和氮磷复合阻燃体系对PP均有良好的阻燃效果；研制的Mg（OH）2复合阻燃PP具有良好的阻燃性能和力学性能，并具有实际应用价值。     

不同纳米碳材料阻燃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯复合材料性能的表征

以碳微球(CMSs)、碳纳米管(MWNTs)、碳微球(CMSs)与碳纳米管(MWNTs)复配的3种材料,通过熔融共混法分别对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)进行阻燃改性,制备出不同纳米碳材料阻燃PET复合材料。采用极限氧指数(LOI)法、垂直燃烧法、热重分析、扫描电镜等方法,测试和表征了CMSs/PET、MWNTs/PET、CMSs/MWNTs/PET复合材料的阻燃性能、热稳定性能、分散性及力学性能。结果表明,质量分数为1%的CMSs可使PET的LOI明显提高到28.9%,但对其抗熔滴性能的改善并不明显;同质量分数的MWNTs的添加,可有效提高PET的抗熔滴性能,其熔滴数由原PET的24d/min减少为6d/min;且CMSs与MWNTs具有协同阻燃效应,当两者的质量比为1∶2时,CMSs/MWNTs/PET的LOI为27.3%,且其熔滴数仅为4d/min;三者的垂直燃烧级别都由原PET的V-2级上升为V-0级,热稳定性都有所提高,但力学性能都有一定程度的下降。     

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的解聚与反应机理研究

对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的各种解聚方法的解聚及其机理研究进行了概括性的综述,以期对该领域的研究提供参考和借鉴.同时,本文简要介绍了我们首次利用微波技术在纯水中进行PET解聚的研究工作.     

无卤阻燃红磷HIPS的研究

本文对红磷阻燃ＨＩＰＳ体系进行了初步探讨，经特殊双层包覆处理的国产红磷的阻燃效果明显优于日本磷化学公司的ノ－バレシド１２０红磷，在较少添加量下就能达到Ｖ－０级。此外，我们还就红磷对ＨＩＰＳ树脂冲击性能的影响以及阻燃协效体系进行了试验。ド     

氮磷无卤阻燃剂阻燃玻纤增强尼龙6的研究

采用热聚合的方法制备了氮磷无卤阻燃剂M PP,用于阻燃玻纤增强尼龙6。通过在阻燃体系中引入成炭催化剂杂多酸(HPA)和阻燃改性剂(CR),成功地解决了玻纤增强尼龙6燃烧时的“烛芯效应”问题。系统研究了HPA和CR对玻纤增强尼龙6阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,所制备的阻燃剂M PP是由三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐和三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐构成,以前者为主。杂多酸和CR对M PP具有协效阻燃作用,加速了尼龙6燃烧时的成炭化学反应,改善了炭层结构。当在阻燃体系中添加2%的杂多酸和2%的CR时,玻纤增强尼龙6可达到UL 94 1.6 mm V-0级的阻燃性能,并具有良好的力学性能。     

紫外光交联无卤阻燃聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯绝缘材料的研制

以聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)为树脂基体,氢氧化镁(MH)为无卤阻燃剂,并分别加入表面改性剂硬脂酸(SA)和十一烯酸(UA),通过紫外光辐照进行交联,通过凝胶含量测试、红外光谱、扫描电镜等测试研究了交联及2种不同的表面改性剂对EVA/MH性能的影响。研究结果表明,在含有UA的EVA/MH体系中交联后材料的拉伸强度达到10 MPa以上,断裂伸长率达到150%以上,同时氧指数达到43以上。通过微观研究表明这主要是由于含乙烯基的UA在交联过程中参与了交联反应形成了交联点,同时提高了氢氧化镁与树脂基体EVA的界面作用。     

含硅阻燃大分子相容剂的制备及其在无卤阻燃聚乙烯复合材料中的协效作用

为验证含硅大分子相容剂在无卤阻燃体系中的协效阻燃作用,首先,以马来酸酐、硅橡胶与聚乙烯为原料,通过熔融接枝共聚制备了新型含硅阻燃大分子相容剂;然后,利用氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁和含硅大分子相容剂复配协同阻燃聚乙烯复合材料;最后,探讨了含硅大分子相容剂对复合材料极限氧指数、锥形量热参数、拉伸性能以及微观结构的影响。结果表明:与聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐相比,含硅大分子相容剂含量为10wt%时可使无机阻燃剂在基体树脂中分散较好;随着大分子相容剂含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度上升而断裂伸长率下降,极限氧指数提高至34.0%,燃烧时的热释放速率峰值和热释放总量均明显下降,说明含硅大分子相容剂除了能够在该复合材料中起到良好的相容作用外,还可以发挥较好的协效阻燃作用。     

Insulation reliability of fine-pitch through-vias in glass fiber reinforced halogen-free epoxy substrates

Insulation failures from electrochemical migration is a major reliability concern for achieving reliable small conductor spacings in glass fiber reinforced substrates in the presence of humidity and DC bias voltage. In this study, insulation reliability of fine-pitch copper plated-through-vias in two different halogen-free epoxy substrates was investigated using accelerated testing condition (85 °C, 85 % RH and 100 V DC). The test vehicles included two different conductor geometry: (1) through-via to through-via (spacing: 100 and 150 μm) and (2) through-via to surface-trace (spacing: 75 μm). In accelerated testing, the through-via to through-via test vehicles exhibited insulation failures (failure criterion: 1 MΩ) with a strong dependence on via spacing with through-via spacing of 100 μm showing significantly shorter time to failures compared to test vehicles with spacing of 150 μm. Failure analysis revealed cracking in resin-glass fiber interfaces and within the resin matrix between the failed through-vias. The through-via to surface-trace test vehicles, on the other hand, did not exhibit failures based on the 1 MΩ criterion. However, occurrence of electrochemical migration was visible after optical inspection of the test vehicles. Elemental characterization revealed the presence of copper and chlorine in the resin-glass fiber interface, similar to the previously reported chloride-containing conductive anodic filament compound in printed wiring boards. Accelerating testing and failure analysis in this study indicates a strong dependence of insulation reliability on conductor spacing, geometry and substrate material properties.     

低烟无卤无磷阻燃热收缩材料的研制

通过对乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)基材树脂、聚合物相容剂、无卤无磷阻燃体系及辐照加工工艺的研究,获得了一种辐照交联低烟无卤无磷纳米阻燃热收缩材料,此热收缩材料具有优良的阻燃效果且没有含卤阻燃剂和含磷阻燃剂,是一种新型的环境友好产品.     

等离子体表面接枝改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的血液相容性研究

利用等离子体表面接枝改性方法在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate，PET)材料表面接枝不同分子量的聚乙二醇(PEG)，体外血液相容性实验表明．接枝了PEG的PET材料的血液相容性与PEG的分子量有关；当接枝的PEG分子量达到6000时，材料的血液相容性最好。     

A transient mesophase on drawing polymers based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthoate (PEN)

This paper is centred around the identification of a transient mesophase during the drawing of PET and PEN and their associated random copolymers. While the observation of the mesophase has previously been announced as a note (Macromolecules, 31, 1998, p. 7562), this paper sets out the work in appropriate detail. Samples across the full random copolymer composition range are hot drawn, and, either immediately quenched or examined in-situ using synchrotron radiation. In each case a mesophase has been observed under drawing conditions which produced little or no crystallinity. That the phase was not the product of the quench was confirmed by the high temperature dynamic measurements. The signature of the mesophase is a sharp, meridional peak in the WAXS fibre diagram which shows no other sharp peaks suggesting crystallinity; the equatorial maxima, while equiaxial and indicating a high level of chain orientation, are diffuse. The mesophase is thus classified as smectic A. SAXS measurements on quenched samples, give no indication that the mesophase is associated with a particular microstructure. The mesophase is seen across the PET/PEN composition range, its observation being more straightforward in the random copolymers where the rate of crystallisation is significantly reduced. Subsequent crystallisation of the fibres by suitable annealing, replaces the meridional mesophase peak on the first layer line with off-meridional crystal reflections characteristic of the triclinic unit cell. The layer line is at a slightly lower angle after crystallisation indicating a longer axial repeat in the crystal than in the mesophase. The development of crystallinity gives rise to a distinct SAXS pattern indicative of a two phase microstructure. The transition from smectic A mesophase to triclinic crystal provides a rationale for the occurrence of oblique lamellae in PET, and associated random copolymers with more than 70% ethylene terephthalate units, as indicated by the four point SAXS patterns, and also for the c axis tilt observed in the WAXS patterns. Similarly, for the PEN rich copolymers, the absence of obliquity and consequent c-axis tilt, coupled with the marked layer line streaking of the triclinic reflections, can be rationalised in terms of the c-shear of the transition being compensated by faulting in the crystal.     

高性能间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)阻燃PC/PBT合金

研究了10%(质量分数,下同)间苯二酚双(二苯基磷酸酯)(RDP)阻燃聚碳酸酯(PC)/聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)合金的增韧方法。5%苯乙烯-丁二烯-甲基丙烯酸酯(MBS)、3%乙烯-甲基丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物(PTW)复合增韧基体质量比70∶30的合金,缺口冲击强度达44.5 kJ/m2,拉伸强度达53.8 MPa,3.2 mm厚样条UL-94测试为V-0级。热重分析表明,RDP使上述合金第一失重段残炭率增加17.6%,700℃残炭率增加4.1%。聚苯醚(PPO)代替10%的合金基体后1.6 mm厚的样条阻燃等级达UL-94 V-1级,垂直燃烧残炭扫描电镜照片显示炭层表面结构致密。     

聚酯振膜镀膜用磁控溅射设备

本文介绍了一种在PET材料上镀制Ni膜的磁控溅射镀膜设备的结构及特点,解决了PET材料无法在高温环境中镀膜的问题.具有操作方便、成本低、生产效率高、膜层质量好及膜层制备可重复性好等特点.在实际生产中取得了良好的效果,有广阔的应用前景.     

Influence of oxygen and nitrogen plasma treatment on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymers

In this paper we present surface modification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer, which is commonly used as synthetic vascular graft. Surface modification was made by oxygen and nitrogen plasma at different treatment times. Plasma was created by means of an RF generator at a discharge power of 200 W and gas pressure fixed at 75 Pa. The surface of PET polymer was modified in order to achieve improved attachment of fucoidan, which is a bioactive coating with antithrombogenic properties. In our study we analysed chemical modification of plasma treated surfaces by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while the changes in morphology and surface roughness were observed with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results indicate that attachment of fucoidan is improved by oxygen plasma treatment, especially due to surface roughening.