Ag掺杂ZnO/GaN异质结可见光吸收特性的第一性原理

ZnO/GaN异质结带隙宽度较宽,制约了对可见光的吸收。为研究Ag对ZnO/GaN异质结可见光吸收的影响,在(1-100)非极性面上构建GaN/ZnO异质结,并用Ag分别取代不同位置的Zn和Ga原子,采用第一性原理计算Ag掺杂对ZnO/GaN异质结稳定性、电子结构、光学性质和带边位置的影响。研究结果表明：Ag掺杂ZnO/GaN异质结形成能为负值,结构稳定;Ag置换Zn和Ga使带隙宽度由2.93 eV分别减小至2.7 eV和2.3 eV,吸收系数和光电导产生红移,有利于可见光的吸收,Ag掺杂ZnO/GaN异质结具有良好的光催化活性。     

Ag-X(X=F,Cl,Br,I)共掺杂锐钛矿TiO_2的可见光吸收

TiO_2是一种常见的光触媒,但由于带隙较宽制约了其应用。采用第一性原理研究了Ag-X(X=F,Cl,Br,I)共掺杂对锐钛矿TiO_2的结合能、态密度、吸收系数和带边位置的影响。研究结果表明:Ag-X共掺杂锐钛矿TiO_2的结合能分别为-6.43、-5.54、-4.36和-3.97 eV,因此Ag-X都是稳定结构。Ag-X共掺杂对锐钛矿TiO_2的光学性质产生了以下几个方面的影响:首先,锐钛矿TiO_2带隙宽度由3.15 eV分别减小到2.85、2.57和2.21 eV,导致吸收系数产生红移;其次,带隙中杂化出新的能级,有利于可见光的吸收;最后,Ag-X共掺杂后的锐钛矿TiO_2具有良好的光催化活性。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备铜掺杂氧化锌薄膜的光学特性

采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃衬底上制备了不同Cu掺杂量的ZnO薄膜。用X线衍射仪、原子力显微镜研究Cu掺杂对ZnO(ZnO∶Cu)薄膜的微观结构、表面形貌的影响。结果表明,Cu掺杂并未改变ZnO的纤锌矿结构,但所有样品的衍射峰向大角度偏移,且薄膜的粒径增大,说明薄膜的内在应力使晶格发生了畸变。在ZnO薄膜的透射光谱中,透射率在可见光范围随掺杂量的增加而降低,且吸收边发生红移,可见Cu掺杂减小了带隙宽度。从室温下的光致发光谱来看,Cu掺杂仅改变带边发光峰的位置,未显著改变ZnO薄膜的其他发光峰的位置,但因发光淬灭的原因,发光峰的强度明显降低。     

Mn+离子注入的GaN薄膜的光学性质及其磁性

利用离子注入法将磁性离子Mn+注入到采用金属有机化学气相沉积法制备的GaN薄膜中,获得了稀磁半导体(Ga,Mn)N.光致发光谱结果显示由于Mn的注入,使GaN中常见的黄带发射被大大抑制.在反射和吸收光谱中,观察到锰引入的新吸收带,分析表明该带是由电荷转移过程和锰引入能级(价带顶上310meV处)的吸收组成的.透射光谱显示(Ga,Mn)N的光学带隙发生了红移,计算表明该红移量为30±5meV.震动样品磁强计的测量结果证实了Mn掺杂的GaN样品在室温下具有铁磁性.     

n-ZnO／p-GaN异质结界面工程

宽禁带直接带隙半导体材料ZnO与GaN在晶体结构、晶格常数以及能带宽度等方面具有非常相似的特性。ZnO在高自由激子结合能（60meV）、适于湿法刻蚀以及对环境友好等方面具有优势，在短波长低阈值发光二极管（LED）以及激光二极管等方面具有广阔的应用前景。但ZnO在稳定的P型掺杂方面遇到很大的挑战，高亮度ZnO同质结型发光二极管的制作具有很大的难度。     

Ⅲ A元素掺杂对ZnO电子结构的影响

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理缀加投影波赝势法,分别对ZnO、掺B、Al、Ga、In的ZnO的电子结构进行计算.与未掺杂ZnO相比,Ⅲ A族元素掺杂ZnO的光学带隙变宽,可见光透光能力增强、费米能级进入导带,导电能力提高,适合作透明导电膜,其中Ga掺杂ZnO的透明性和导电性更好,最适合做透明导电膜.     

Mn~+离子注入的GaN薄膜的光学性质及其磁性

利用离子注入法将磁性离子Mn+注入到采用金属有机化学气相沉积法制备的Ga N薄膜中,获得了稀磁半导体(Ga,Mn) N.光致发光谱结果显示由于Mn的注入,使Ga N中常见的黄带发射被大大抑制.在反射和吸收光谱中,观察到锰引入的新吸收带,分析表明该带是由电荷转移过程和锰引入能级(价带顶上310 m e V处)的吸收组成的.透射光谱显示(Ga,Mn) N的光学带隙发生了红移,计算表明该红移量为30±5 m e V.震动样品磁强计的测量结果证实了Mn掺杂的Ga N样品在室温下具有铁磁性.     

Ar环境下氢化非晶锗硅的制备与特性研究

采用RF-PECVD法在氩环境下制备了Ge掺杂a-Si∶H.将样品通过台阶仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪、紫外可见光分光光度计以及Keithley高阻仪进行分析测试,研究了不同掺杂比例对非晶硅薄膜沉积速率、结构因子、光学带隙及光暗电导率的影响.实验表明:薄膜沉积速率随掺杂量的增大而增大;薄膜结构因子随掺杂量的增大而减小;薄膜对可见光的吸收随掺杂量的增大出现红移,光学带隙减小;掺杂比例较低时,薄膜光暗电导率变化不明显,当GeH4量达20 cm3/min时,薄膜暗电导明显增大,光暗电导比减小.     

Al0.5Ga0.5N/GaN/Al0.5Ga0.5N量子阱中依赖于表面载流子浓度的Rashba自旋劈裂

通过自洽求解薛定谔和泊松方程,计算了不同表面载流子浓度的Al0.5Ga0.5N/GaN/Al0.5Ga0.5N 量子阱中第一子带的Rashba系数和Rashba自旋劈裂。第一子带在费米能级处的Rashba自旋劈裂可观并且随Ns明显增加,因为Rashba系数特别是费米波矢增加很快。随着Ns的增加,第一子带波函数的峰朝着左异质结界面移动,且阱层的平均电场增加,所以来自阱层和异质结界面的这两个主要贡献部分增加。因而,III族氮化物异质结构中的强极化电场和高浓度的二维电子气对α至关重要,使AlGaN/GaN量子阱的Rashba自旋劈裂同窄带隙的III-V族材料可比。结果表明Ns是影响AlGaN/GaN量子阱中的Rashba系数和Rashba自旋劈裂的一个重要参数,表明这种材料可以应用到自旋电子学器件中。     

Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜的制备及其表征

CuIn1-xGaxSe2(CIGS)为直接带隙半导体,其带隙宽度随In/Ga比而变化,且对可见光具有很高的吸收系数,是最有希望用于制作新一代高效、低成本薄膜太阳能电池的材料.采用直流溅射和后硒化工艺制备了系列CIGS薄膜,研究了溅射功率和衬底对CIGS薄膜的微结构和光学性质的影响.发现钼玻璃上溅射功率为50W,在55...     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks