甲基丙烯酸对氢氧化铝填充丁苯橡胶性能的影响

将甲基丙烯酸（MAA）用作Al(OH）3填充丁苯橡胶（SBR）复合材料的添加剂，结果表明，在高填充Al(OH）3的SBR中加入MAA可以较大幅度地提高其过氧化物硫化胶的力学性能。当Al(OH）3用量为150份（质量份，下同）时，随着MAA用量增加，SBR硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度和定伸应力逐渐增大，拉伸强度和撕裂强度有较大幅度的提高，当MAA用量为20份时，随着Al(OH）3用量增加，SBR硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度、定伸应力和撕裂强度逐渐增大，拉伸强度在Al(OH）3填充量为25份时最大，大量填充Al(OH）3的SBR硫化胶的阻燃性能较好，氧指数受MAA用量的影响较小，该SBR硫化胶亦具有良好的热空气老化性能。     

PP/AI(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2复合材料阻燃性能研究

制备了PP(聚丙烯)/Al(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2/硼酸锌和PP/Al(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2阻燃复合材料,并测定了复合材料的氧指数(OI)、水平燃烧速度和烟密度。结果表明,OI随着阻燃剂质量分数的增加而升高,随着粒径的增大而降低;燃烧速度随着阻燃剂用量的增加而下降,随着粒径的增大先升后降;烟密度随着阻燃剂用量的增加而降低,随着粒径的增大而增大;添加硼酸锌后具有显著的抑烟效果。     

Mg(OH)_2阻燃热塑性聚烯烃弹性体的研究

采用5种表面处理剂对氢氧化镁(Mg(OH)2)进行表面改性,并以热塑性聚烯烃弹性体(TPO)为基体树脂,制备了TPO/Mg(OH)2阻燃材料。通过氧指数(OI)、垂直燃烧和拉伸性能测试,研究了表面处理剂的种类、Mg(OH)2用量和粒径等对TPO/Mg(OH)2阻燃材料燃烧性能和力学性能的影响。OI测试结果表明,钛酸酯改性的粒径为2μm的Mg(OH)2使体系的OI达27.8%;改性Mg(OH)2用量为70份时成为难燃材料。垂直燃烧测试结果表明,100份改性Mg(OH)2使材料的燃烧等级达到FV-0级,无法引燃。力学性能测试结果表明,钛酸酯改性的粒径为2μm的Mg(OH)2使材料保持较高的应变;70份的Mg(OH)2使阻燃材料的拉伸屈服应力和拉伸断裂应力达到最大值。     

超微细改性Al(OH)3填充LDPE/EVA的研究

Al(OH）3是LDPE／EVA主要的阻燃，消烟填充剂。研究了不同粒度，表面处理及填充量的Al(OH）3对LDPE／EVA的氧指数（OI），烟密度等级（SDR）和物理机械性能的影响。     

氢氧化铝对导热加成型有机硅灌封胶性能的影响

以粘度为300和1 000 mPa·s的端乙烯基硅油复配,含氢硅油为交联剂,三氧化二铝为导热填料,氢氧化铝[Al(OH)_3]为阻燃剂,制备了无卤阻燃导热加成型有机硅灌封胶,研究Al(OH)_3用量对导热加成型有机硅灌封胶性能的影响。结果表明:随着Al(OH)_3用量的增大,加成型有机硅灌封胶的阻燃性能和导热性能提高,粘度增大,体积电阻率和物理性能下降;当Al(OH)_3用量为60份时,加成型有机硅灌封胶的综合性能最佳。     

Mg(OH)2/Al(OH)3/包覆红磷阻燃SEBS/PS共混物

研究了Al(OH)3,Mg(OH)2包覆红磷(10份)对苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)/聚苯乙烯(PS)阻燃性能的影响.结果表明,Mg(OH)2用量为80份时阻燃级别达V-2,氧指数达到29%,但力学性能较差;AI(OH)3用量为80份时阻燃效果不很理想,但对力学性能影响较小;Mg(OH)2/Al(OH)3/包覆红磷体系中Mg(OH)2用量大于Al(OH)3时综合阻燃效果最好.阻燃体系的热释放速率降低,有效燃烧热出现峰值延后.     

氢氧化铝对PE-HD／木粉复合材料阻燃性能和力学性能的影响

对Al(OH)3阻燃的高密度聚乙烯／木粉复合材料研究结果表明：随木粉和Al(OH)3添加量的增加，Al(OH)3对复合材料的阻燃效率增加，高木粉添加量的复合材料氧指数达27．1％，Al(OH)3的阻燃效率达0．203。增加木粉含量，复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度明显提高；但Al(OH)3对拉伸强度的影响不大，而明显提高弯曲强度。增加木粉和Al(OH)3的含量，均能明显降低复合材料的冲击强度，破坏复合材料的韧性。     

阻燃抑烟PVC-U配方的研究

介绍了PVC热降解、燃烧成烟及抑烟的机制,分析了Al(OH)3、钼酸铵/Al(OH)3、硼酸锌/氧化锑对阻燃抑烟性能和力学性能的影响,结果表明:加入15份Al(OH)3即可使PVC-U垂直燃烧性达到FV-0级,再增加其用量,垂直燃烧性没有提高;当m(钼酸铵)∶m[Al(OH)3]=30∶70时,最大烟密度、烟密度等级和氧指数最好;m(硼酸锌)∶m(氧化锑)=50∶50时,其阻燃抑烟效果最好。     

氢氧化铝复合阻燃剂对热硫化硅橡胶性能的影响

研究了氢氧化铝、氢氧化铝／三氧化二锑并用、氢氧化铝／三氧化钼并用对热硫化(HTV)硅橡胶阻燃性能和力学性能的影响；试图在力学性能与阻燃性能之间寻找平衡。结果表明：当100份硅橡胶中氢氧化铝的用量为80份时，硅橡胶的燃烧氧指数(OI值)可达30％，但力学性能却受到严重损害，发烟量为B级；氢氧化铝／三氧化二锑并用时，HTV硅橡胶的性能较理想；当(氢氧化铝 三氧化二锑)用量为50份时，硅橡胶的OI值为31％、拉伸强度为6．3MPa、扯断伸长率为660％、撕裂强度为23．7kN／m、邵尔A硬度为57度，但发烟量为C级；氢氧化铝／三氧化钼并用可使HTV硅橡胶燃烧时的发烟量达到A级，但不能显著提高其阻燃性能，当(氢氧化铝 三氧化钼)用量为96份时，HTV硅橡胶的OI值仅28％，且此时其力学性能受到较大损害。     

PCL包覆Al(OH)_3填充PLA的结构与性能

采用高速混合机将低熔点的聚己内酯(PCL)包覆在Al(OH)3表面,然后通过熔融混炼法分别制备了包覆Al(OH)3、未包覆Al(OH)3以及纯PCL填充聚乳酸(PLA)的复合材料,研究了包覆前后的Al(OH)3及其与PLA复合材料的微观形态,以及复合材料的力学性能、流变性能、热性能和降解性能。结果表明:PCL包覆Al(OH)3填充PLA可以显著提高复合材料的拉伸性能,当Al(OH)3/PCL=100/20时,在PLA中加入5phr包覆Al(OH)3后,复合材料的断裂伸长率可以提高到176%;PCL能有效改善包覆Al(OH)3颗粒在PLA中的分散性及与PLA之间的界面结合力,同时,填料表面多余的PCL能以微球粒子形式分散在PLA中,起到良好的增塑作用;少量包覆Al(OH)3能显著提高PLA的结晶度降,低其结晶温度促,进其降解。     

A study of the flame‐retardant properties of polypropylene/Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2 composites

Polymeric materials are used extensively, but their applications are limited because many of them are flammable. Therefore ways to make them flame retardant have received much attention. In this work, polypropylene (PP) was used as the matrix resin, aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) as flame‐retardant additives and zinc borate (ZB) as a flame‐retardant synergist. PP/Al(OH)₃/Mg(OH)₂ and PP/Al(OH)₃/Mg(OH)₂/ZB flame‐retardant composites were prepared with a twin‐screw extruder. The flame‐retardant properties, i.e. oxygen index (OI), burning velocity and smoke density, of the composites were measured. The results showed that OI increased with an increase of the filler content and decreased with an increase of the filler particle diameter. The burning velocity decreased with an increase of the filler content, while it first increased and then decreased with an increase of the filler particle diameter. The smoke density decreased with an increase of the filler content and increased with an increase of the filler particle diameter. There was a flame‐retardant synergy between Al(OH)₃/Mg(OH)₂ and ZB in the composites, and the smoke suppression effect was marked when ZB was added. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Mg(OH)2/RP对PP/OMMT复合材料阻燃性能的影响

采用双螺杆挤出机制备了PP/OMMT/Mg(OH)2/RP复合材料,并对其进行了锥形量热仪、OI、垂直燃烧测试。结果表明:PP/OMMT复合材料仅在锥形量热仪测试中表现出良好的阻燃性能,当加入Mg(OH)2时,体系的常规阻燃效果提高,RP的加入有效改善了OI及垂直燃烧测试的效果。RP与OMMT对Mg(OH)2均表现出协同作用。PP/OMMT(10%)/Mg(OH)2(20%)/RP(10%)在锥形量热仪测试、OI测试、垂直燃烧测试中均取得了良好的结果。     

Thermal stability and mechanical properties of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubbers

Based on much of the importance of RTV on the field of self-cleaning application for its nontoxic, tasteless, and thermal stability, the effects of D₄-SiO₂ on mechanical properties, Al(OH)₃ and decabromodiphenyl oxide ethyl(DBDPE) on flame retardant property of RTV matrix were investigated firstly. Then, a new kind of complex fire retardants was compounded. The morphology of additives and fracture appearance of composites were demonstrated by SEM. The hot property of RTV-based composites was outlined by TG. It is found that D₄-SiO₂/Al(OH)₃/DBDPE/Sb₂O₃/RTV composites were of better comprehensive performances in mechanical property, hot property, fire resistance property, and insulating property, which presented tear 26.73 kN/m of strength, 279.8% of elongation at break, 2.81 MPa of tensile strength, FV-0 at the level of flame retardant property, 46 of Oxygen index (OI) 3.03 × 10¹⁵ Ωm of Volume electric resistivity, the range of decomposition temperature was 370°C to 650°C, and the percentage of remain weight was 26.4%. Those properties was acquired on the condition of 11 wt % D₄-SiO₂ + 20 wt % Al(OH)₃ + 15 wt % DBDPE+ Sb₂O₃ at the amount of 3.0 wt % to 3.7 wt %. This investigation leads the authors to a conclusion that D₄-SiO₂/Al(OH)₃/DBDPE/Sb₂O₃ is a kind of better combination modifier than anyone kind of which in comprehensive properties for RTV. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

聚氨酯弹性体/Al(OH)_3复合材料工艺、性能及结构研究

以高活性聚醚三元醇、液化MDI、乙二醇等为主要原料,微米级Al(OH)3为填料,二月桂酸二丁基锡、三乙烯二胺为催化剂,采用一步法制备聚氨酯弹性体/Al(OH)3复合材料,考查了Al(OH)3含量对复合材料成型工艺、性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明:Al(OH)3对聚合反应有延迟作用并可作为聚氨酯弹性体的增强填料;氧指数表明,复合材料的阻燃性能随Al(OH)3含量的增加而提高,可达到难燃级别。XRD图和SEM照片表明微米级Al(OH)3在PUE基体中分散良好。     

溶胶-凝胶法在碳化硅表面浸涂氧化铝薄膜的研究

研究了以异丙醇铝为主要原料,异丙醇为熔剂,添加乙酰乙酸乙酯作为螯合剂,利用溶胶-凝胶法在碳化硅表面浸涂厚约0.5μm的Al2O3多晶膜.用XRD,IR,SEM,TG-DTA等测试手段详细研究了涂膜在加热过程中所发生的物理-化学变化.比较了涂膜前后碳化硅材料的抗高温氧化性能.     

Effect of nAl(OH)3 on thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of millable polyurethane (MPU) rubber

Aluminium hydroxide nanoparticles [nAl(OH)₃] were synthesized using continuous ultrasonic cavitation technique. The size and shape of synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, which was found to be ~55 nm in diameter with needle shape. Millable polyurethane (MPU) rubber nanocomposites were prepared with nAl(OH)₃ as a filler (0.5–2.5 wt% loading) using two-roll mill and moulded on compression moulding machine. Dicumyl peroxide was used as a curing agent. Mechanical property and abrasion resistance was determined using universal testing machine (UTM) and abrasion resistance tester, respectively. Physical (hardness and swelling index) and thermal (flammability and stability) properties were also studied on shore A hardness tester, flammability tester and thermo gravimetric analyzer, respectively. The extent of dispersion of nAl(OH)₃ in MPU matrix was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). MPU rubber:nAl(OH)₃ nanocomposites show improved mechanical, physical and thermal properties compared to pristine MPU composite. This dramatic improvement in properties was due to very small grain size of nAl(OH)₃, which facilitates uniform dispersion of nanoparticles within the chains of MPU rubber. This improvement in properties were up to 2 wt% and decreases subsequently (2.5 wt%) due to agglomeration. nAl(OH)₃ behaves like an ordinary filler at higher wt% loading.