用国产车用无铅汽油进行L-38台架试验

论述了采用国产车用无铅汽油替代异辛烷加铅燃料进行L-38试验的初步研究进展。研究结果表明:分别采用中国97号车用无铅汽油与异辛烷加铅燃料进行L-38试验,3种油品的试验结果具有一致性。     

醇燃料发动机油的研究

选用150SN和聚α-烯烃调配成15W/30多级油基础油,添加多种添加剂试制成醇燃料发动机油。对基础油性能、添加剂及复合配方进行了一系列模拟试验,考察了试油遇甲醇、甲酸和水时的性能变化。1G2和L-38及西德燃用甲醇燃料发动机试验结果表明,试油有良好的抗磨、抗腐蚀和抗乳化性。     

论新型车用燃料的应用与发展前景

系统论述了无铅汽油，清洁汽油 液化石油气，天然气，氢气等新型车用燃料的应用现状及其发展前景。     

4040中速筒状活塞柴油机的开发及应用

围绕着中速机油的使用要求，进行了基础油和添加剂的选择，考察了添加剂性能和中速机油各项性能之间的关系，确定了4040中速机油的配方、实验室产品，中试产品满足Q/SHGQ01.118-2000的质量指标。并通过L-38、改装1135台架试验，在实际行船试验中也表现出优良的清净分散性能、抗磨性和分水性能，能够满足燃用硫含量大于2.5%燃料的中速筒状活塞柴油机的润滑要求。     

97号无铅车用汽油问世

９７号无铅车用汽油问世为适应我国汽车工业和交通运输迫切需要而开发的９７号无铅车用汽油近日在齐鲁石化公司胜利炼油厂研制成功，并通过了中国石化总公司的技术鉴定。该产品的研制成功，为我国车用燃料的生产填补了一项空白。该产品具有无铅、含氧、蒸发性低和苯含量低...     

莱别克（L-38）试验机参考油研究

L-38试验机是评定内燃机油的高温抗氧、抗腐蚀性能的美国ASTM标准台架试验，对试验机的性能要求高，需用参考油对试验机进行定期校验。因参考油是从国外引进，用量大，价格高。本文通过选用国内参考油替代进口参考油进行了研究，确定了莱别克(L-38)试验机国内参考油，结果表明所选参考油有较好的重复性，能满足试验方法要求。     

15W/40CD级柴油机油的研制和评定

本文扼要介绍了15W/40CD级柴油机油的研制和评定情况.使用大庆中性油和国产乙烯-丙烯共聚物粘度指数改进剂研制的水杨酸盐型复合配方经卡特皮勒1G_2480h试验后,顶环槽充炭率为70%,加权总评分为295;经莱别克L-38试验评定,40 h试验后轴瓦失重48.6mg,完全符合规格要求.在NTA-855-C360六缸机上的耐久试验和在南北两地区增压柴油机上的使用试验结果则进一步肯定了该油的推广应用价值.     

西欧主张使用无铅汽油

英国将推动西欧在1990年使用无铅汽油.英国的炼油业和汽车业已宣布从1990年起所有新汽车都必须使用无铅燃料.为了过渡,英国于1985年底将汽油中含铅量降到0.15克/升。     

含甲基叔丁基醚无铅汽油的应用

本篇概述了以甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)作为无铅汽油的调合组分并用“桑塔纳”轿车进行评定试验的结果。在汽油中掺入 MTBE 改变了混合气成分,降低了燃料热值,但是发动机的燃料消耗和输出功率并未受到影响,而且改善了废气排放。文章还讨论了汽油中铅抗爆剂对发动机性能、清净性及磨损的影响,表明 MTBE 确是一种优良的汽油辛烷值改进剂。     

汽油/燃气双燃料汽车发动机润滑油的发展及应用

由于燃料的改变以及发动机结构、工况、材料的变化，以CNG或LPG为燃料的双燃料汽车不宜使用汽油机油或柴油机油。中国石油润滑油公司进行的行车试验结果表明，我国自主开发的、用国产添加剂调制的10W／30SF／CD级发动机油能够满足双燃料汽车的润滑要求。[编按]     

烷基化油性质特点及企业标准分析

对不同工艺生产的19种烷基化油的质量进行跟踪和分析，结果表明烷基化油具有高辛烷值、零芳烃、低烯烃、低氧含量的特点。探讨了烷基化油的辛烷值、初馏点、蒸气压、硫含量、烯烃含量等指标对调合汽油性能的影响，建议生产和应用企业应对其重点关注。选择典型烷基化油调合国Ⅵ标准车用汽油并验证其性能，制定了烷基化油一级企业标准《异辛烷组分》（Q/SH PRD 0753-2019），使烷基化油的采购、生产和销售有标可依，确保烷基化油质量满足国Ⅵ标准汽油调合要求。     

THE EFFECT OF GASOLINE FUEL TYPE ON SI ENGINE NITROGEN-OXIDES AND CARBON MONOXIDE EMISSIONS UNDER PART-LOAD OPERATING CONDITIONS

Six different gasoline blends with different antiknock agents and aromatics content were investigated for its influence on SI engine nitrogen-oxides and carbon monoxide emissions at part- load operating conditions. The six fuel types used were leaded gasoline with 0·5 g Pb/1, commercial unleaded gasoline, unleaded synthetic gasoline and its blends with different proportions of methyl tertiary butyl ether MTBE l10, 15 and 20 vol%). A four- stroke, four- cylinder, spark- ignition Regata engine (type 138 B 3.000) was used for conducting this study. The exhaust gases were analyzed for nitrogen-oxides and carbon monoxide emitted at part-load operating conditions for the speed range of 1000 to 3000 rpm. The results of this investigation have shown that blending unleaded synthetic gasoline with ethers such as MTBE reduces the aromatic content of the fuel. The 20 vol% MTBE-fuel blend gave the lowest carbon monoxide emissions of all blends used at part load condition. On the other hand, the 10 vol% MTBE-fuel blend gave the lowest nitrogen-oxides emission of all blends at part-load condition. The carbon monoxide concentration in engine exhaust differs between increase and decrease at part-load condition when fuel aromatics content increases. It was also found that as the gasoline aromatics content increases in the blend, the nitrogen-oxides concentration in engine exhaust increases. So, substitution of MTBE for the higher aromatics gasoline blends may help improving state environment and air quality.     

积极推广无铅汽油 努力减少环境污染

回顾了含铅汽油的由来及其对汽油发动机的贡献,介绍了世界汽油无铅化的发展趋势,提出我国推广无铅汽油势在必行,并对实施步骤提出建议。     

THE EFFECT OF GASOLINE FUEL TYPE ON SI ENGINE NITROGEN-OXIDES AND CARBON MONOXIDE EMISSIONS UNDER PART-LOAD OPERATING CONDITIONS

ABSTRACT

Six different gasoline blends with different antiknock agents and aromatics content were investigated for its influence on SI engine nitrogen-oxides and carbon monoxide emissions at part- load operating conditions. The six fuel types used were leaded gasoline with 0·5 g Pb/1, commercial unleaded gasoline, unleaded synthetic gasoline and its blends with different proportions of methyl tertiary butyl ether MTBE l10, 15 and 20 vol%). A four- stroke, four- cylinder, spark- ignition Regata engine (type 138 B 3.000) was used for conducting this study. The exhaust gases were analyzed for nitrogen-oxides and carbon monoxide emitted at part-load operating conditions for the speed range of 1000 to 3000 rpm. The results of this investigation have shown that blending unleaded synthetic gasoline with ethers such as MTBE reduces the aromatic content of the fuel. The 20 vol% MTBE-fuel blend gave the lowest carbon monoxide emissions of all blends used at part load condition. On the other hand, the 10 vol% MTBE-fuel blend gave the lowest nitrogen-oxides emission of all blends at part-load condition. The carbon monoxide concentration in engine exhaust differs between increase and decrease at part-load condition when fuel aromatics content increases. It was also found that as the gasoline aromatics content increases in the blend, the nitrogen-oxides concentration in engine exhaust increases. So, substitution of MTBE for the higher aromatics gasoline blends may help improving state environment and air quality.     

EFFECT OF METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) AS A GASOLINE ADDITIVE ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS

The effect of blending unleaded gasoline with different proportions of methyl-t-butyl ether MTBE (10, 15 and 20 vol % ) on engine performance was studied using a fixed compression ratio SI engine (Opel 4 -cylinder ). The exhaust gases were analyzed for carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and the hydrocarbons emitted. The results have shown that MTBE blends gave slightly better engine performance than the unleaded gasoline as evidenced by the power output. Analysis of exhaust gases shows better carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions for all MTBE blends tested than unleaded gasoline. A higher carbon dioxide exhaust emission of the blends than the unleaded gasoline also confirms their better combustion. The 20 vol % MTBE blend gave the lowest carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions of all blends used. A comparison was also made between a     

分光光度法快速测定无铅汽油中痕量铅

研究了无铅汽油中痕量铅的快速测定方法。在 490nm处测定经碘和四乙基氯化铵的氯仿溶液处理过的汽油与 4-( 2 -吡啶偶氮 )间苯二酚二钠盐反应生成的络合物 ,对测定条件进行了系统的考察。Pb质量浓度的线性范围为2 6 5～ 2 6 5mg/L ,方法的相对标准偏差小于 5 0 % ,实际试样测定结果的相对误差小于 5 3 %。本方法操作简便、快速 ,适合于无铅汽油中痕量铅的快速测定     

我国车用无铅汽油的质量状况及分析

对1998－2001年间生产领域和流通领域的近500批次汽油产品检验数据进行了总结和分析，表明我国汽油的实物质量正在不断提高，但从环保要求出发还需不断向国际水平靠扰，尤其应进一步降低烯烃含量，硫含量。     

EFFECT OF METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) AS A GASOLINE ADDITIVE ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS

ABSTRACT

The effect of blending unleaded gasoline with different proportions of methyl-t-butyl ether MTBE (10, 15 and 20 vol % ) on engine performance was studied using a fixed compression ratio SI engine (Opel 4 -cylinder ). The exhaust gases were analyzed for carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and the hydrocarbons emitted. The results have shown that MTBE blends gave slightly better engine performance than the unleaded gasoline as evidenced by the power output. Analysis of exhaust gases shows better carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions for all MTBE blends tested than unleaded gasoline. A higher carbon dioxide exhaust emission of the blends than the unleaded gasoline also confirms their better combustion. The 20 vol % MTBE blend gave the lowest carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions of all blends used. A comparison was also made between a     

汽油润滑性研究I.对欧洲汽油润滑性的初步考察

采用已建立的汽油磨损测试法对欧洲汽油的润滑性进行了初步考察,其目的是得到一些基本数据供进一步研究用。为了考察汽油润滑性问题内在的化学因素,对基础油、汽油组分、掺和剂、添加剂以及商品汽油进行了以下试验：（１）考察５种已知无铅基础汽油的磨损,并与瑞典环保柴油对比;（２）考察汽油各组分油的本体组成对汽油润滑性的影响;（３）对掺和剂ＭＴＢＥ加入汽油,考察其对润滑性的影响;）４）将清净剂加入汽油,考察其对润