保健型海带粉的生产工艺

以海带为原料,经清洗、去腥、打浆、酶解、胶磨,再混合调配、均质、灭菌、浓缩、喷雾干燥生产褐色海带粉,并确定了该产品的工艺生产路线和工艺参数。     

海带超细粉咸味面包的研制

本研究以海带超细粉为原料研制出海带风味浓郁、口感良好的咸味面包。采用正交试验确定了面包的最佳配比:300目海带粉添加量2%、食盐0.9%、白砂糖7%、面包改良剂0.5%,并探讨了海带超细粉对面包品质的影响。     

功能性海带面包生产工艺的研究

该研究将海带进行处理后添加到面包中,通过对生产工艺进行研究,以期得到功能性的海带面包。以面包感官评价得分为考察指标,考察高压蒸煮温度、蒸煮时间、海带粒径3个因素对面包品质的影响,确定海带最佳预处理工艺条件为:高压蒸煮温度125℃、蒸煮时间20 min、海带粉碎粒度40目<φ<60目;采用正交试验分析法,确定海带面包的最佳生产配方为:食盐添加量为1.5%、海带粉添加量为8%、酵母添加量为2.0%、改良剂添加量为0.8%。此条件下,海带面包的体积膨松,组织气孔细密,口感柔软,具有海带清香味。     

海带保健面包的开发与研制

介绍了海带保健面包的保健功能及加工工艺,通过正交试验确定了该产品的最佳配方:海带粉5 %、白砂糖8%、面包改良剂1 2 %、酵母用量3% ,并且分析了海带粉对面包质量品质的影响。此产品风味独特、营养丰富,适合中老年人群食用。     

海带保健面包的开发与研制

介绍了海带保健面包的保健功能及加工工艺，通过正交试验确定了该产品的最佳配方：海带粉5％、白砂糖8％、面包改良剂1．2％、酵母用量3％，并且分析了海带粉对面包质量品质的影响。此产品风味独特、营养丰富，适合中老年人群食用。     

海带保健蛋糕的研制

介绍了海带保健蛋糕的生产工艺、配方,经正交实验确定了海带蛋糕的最佳配方为:海带粉2.5g,鲜鸡蛋150g,白砂糖85g,乳化剂10g,并且分析了海带粉对蛋糕质量品质的影响。结果表明,在蛋糕中添加一定量的海带粉时,通过调整生产工艺生产出的海带保健蛋糕,其色、香、味和组成结构均比较理想,此产品适合于中青年人群食用。     

即食复合海带纸加工工艺的研究

以海带与番茄或海带与胡萝卜为主要原料,在进行海带去腥之后采用成膜的技术研制即食性复合海带纸,其中包括海带的去腥、打浆用水量、成膜剂和干燥方法的确定。研究结果表明采用0.1%的β-环状糊精溶液对海带进行去腥效果最好。制作番茄海带纸时,海带与番茄的最佳质量之比为3∶1,打浆时不需要加水;复合成膜剂最佳配比为CMC-Na0.05%、大豆分离蛋白0.20%、海藻酸钠0.15%。制作胡萝卜海带纸时,海带与胡萝卜的最佳质量之比为2∶1,打浆时采用水和物料质量比为2∶1;复合成膜剂最佳配比为CMC-Na 0.05%、大豆分离蛋白0.05%、海藻酸钠0.20%。采用电烤箱和烤箱板在70℃的时候制作出的复合海带纸口感最好。     

小麦草粉在面包中的应用

以面包专用粉为主要原料,添加小麦草粉、酵母、面包改良荆、白砂糖等辅料,采用一次发酵工艺生产面包,并通过单因素试验研究小麦草粉、加水量、面包改量剂对面包品质的影响,并通过正交试验,确定小麦草粉保健面包的最佳配方:面包专用粉100 g(吸水率55%),小麦草粉8 g,加水量61 g,面包改良剂0.6g.生产出营养价值高、感官指标好、风味口感佳的面包.     

香菇营养面包的研制

以面包粉和香菇粉为原料,通过对香菇粉、白砂糖、酵母的添加量进行研究,生产出一种新型的营养面包。结果表明,香菇营养面包的生产工艺条件为:面包粉100 g、香菇粉1.5 g、糖20 g、酵母1.5 g,发酵温度30℃,发酵时间90 min,醒发温度32℃,醒发时间1 h,烘烤温度为上火190℃,底火200℃,烘烤时间15 min。在此工艺下制作的面包外观和内在质量都较好,风味能被消费者接受。     

木糖醇对面包粉回生特性影响

以面包专用粉为原料,添加不同质量浓度木糖醇,通过测定熟化后面包粉硬度、冻融稳定性及糊化特性研究木糖醇对面包粉回生特性影响。结果表明,添加木糖醇后,熟化后面包粉回生硬度明显降低,添加0.50 g/g木糖醇面包粉在4℃条件下回生5 d、7 d硬度较原面包粉分别降低37.31%、57.45%;面包粉冻融稳定性显著增强,原面包粉冻融循环4次失水率为47.39%,而添加0.20g/g木糖醇样品失水率为22.91%,比原面包粉减少24.48%;经RVA测定,添加0.20 g/g、0.50g/g木糖醇面粉与原面粉相比,峰值粘度显著增加;表明添加木糖醇对面包粉回生具有抑制作用。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the