最小二乘Unscented卡尔曼滤波在伪卫星定位中的应用

为了提高伪卫星的定位精度,在研究伪卫星星历误差传递规律和伪距观测方程线性化误差的基础上,提出一种最小二乘Unscented卡尔曼滤波算法。该算法首先利用最小二乘法估计出伪卫星的位置误差,并对伪卫星的位置进行修正,以减小伪卫星位置误差对导航解算精度的影响;然后利用无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对用户位置进行解算。仿真结果表明,与传统的扩展卡尔曼滤波算法相比,提出的算法能够有效减小伪卫星位置误差对用户定位精度的影响,提高独立组网伪卫星系统的定位精度。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的接收信号强度指示差值定位算法

针对频谱监测系统中被监测信号无法控制并且没有任何先验知识,只能通过对信号被动监测,即接收与处理信号来估计信号源位置的要求,该文提出一种基于接收信号强度指示差值(RSSID)的定位算法,并利用卡尔曼滤波提高其定位精度。该文将两监测站之间的RSSID转换成信号源到两监测站的距离之比,根据距离之比构造定位方程矩阵,进而利用最小二乘法求取信号源位置。仿真结果表明:所提算法比经典RSSI定位算法性能更优,降低了环境因素对定位精度的影响,并且能更好地满足参数较少的定位服务需求,可以有效地应用于频谱监测系统中。同时,卡尔曼滤波可以有效改善系统的定位精度,达到预期的定位效果。     

基于多维定标算法的WSN安全节点定位研究

针对监控区域中的节点安全定位问题，设计出一种基于多维定标和卡尔曼滤波相结合的节点定位算法，首先测量节点间的RSS，并根据RSS与距离的关系推断出节点间距离并建立距离矩阵，接着利用SMCF算法进一步搜索节点位置，利用移动节点的移动距离建立坐标系，将得到的相对坐标转化为绝对坐标。最后，利用移动节点的运动特征，根据移动过程中搜集的RSS，采用拓展卡尔曼滤波进一步精化节点坐标。仿真实验结果表明，该算法能有效提高定位精度。     

提高GPS定位精度的改进卡尔曼滤波算法研究

介绍了一种有效提高GPS定位精度的改进卡尔曼滤波算法.该算法针对最小二乘法和标准卡尔曼滤波的特点,通过伪距估计出接收机的位置和钟差,有效避免了由于滤波初值、系统噪声方差以及量测噪声方差带来的滤波发散问题.同时该算法不直接使用卡尔曼滤波来估计接收机的状态,而是估计接收机状态的误差,减小了运算量,有效提高了定位精度.在进行状态误差估计时,不需要存储大量测量数据,能方便地进行动态测量数据的实时处理.仿真结果证明此算法具有较快的收敛速度和较高的定位精度.     

基于WLSE-KF的传感器融合定位算法研究

多传感器融合在定位中的应用越来越广泛。在利用这些传感器进行定位的过程中,需要对其采集的数据进行融合。射频识别融合定位一般采用最小二乘法,然而,它可能使定位误差较大。文中提出了将最小二乘和卡尔曼滤波相结合的算法。该算法先利用加权最小二乘估计获得移动用户的初步位置,再利用扩展卡尔曼滤波进一步使定位精度得到提高。仿真结果表明该算法相比多种传统定位算法,误差减少,定位精度明显提高。     

卡尔曼滤波在目标跟踪中的研究与应用

卡尔曼滤波算法是现阶段雷达信号处理中最常用的跟踪算法,结合雷达跟踪的空中目标的实际情况,针对目标运动模型中的线性运动和非线性运动模型,分别设计了两种模型,并利用马尔可夫状态转移矩阵实现交互多模算法。最后对交互多模型卡尔曼滤波算法进行了Matlab仿真及结果分析。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的UWB室内精确定位研究

高精度的定位系统对促进数字化时代的发展尤为重要。文章针对室内复杂环境的定位问题,建立基于线性卡尔曼滤波的定位模型,有望提高室内定位的精确度。文章首先根据UWB原理,利用三边定位法计算靶点坐标。其次使用卡尔曼滤波算法对坐标数据进行平滑处理,以减小因干扰信号引起的数据误差。最后模拟室内静态实验得到10组滤波前后的靶点坐标及其误差值。结果表明,本研究的定位模型明显提高了定位精度,对复杂环境下的定位具有一定的应用价值。     

引入输入估计的交互式多模跟踪算法

 本文融合交互多模算法和修正输入估计算法,提出一种新的全面自适应跟踪算法.利用修正新息序列的方法对输入估计(IE:Input Estimation)算法进行了改进,提高了输入估计的性能.综合不同检测窗长度的修正输入估计(MIE:Modified IE)算法的特点,在交互式多模型中采用不同检测窗长度的MIE作为子滤波器,保持对机动的全面自适应跟踪.仿真实验证明,改进算法与CV-CA模型组成的交互多模算法相比,无论对机动的响应速度还是滤波精度都优于交互多模算法.     

基于卡尔曼滤波的抑制NLOS定位算法研究

NLOS(非视距传输)是无线定位误差的主要来源,利用卡尔曼滤波处理到达时间值,再结合Chan算法可以提高定位的精度,但当误差较大时定位精度逐渐下降。文章提出的改进算法首先利用预测残差调节NLOS误差较大的时刻所对应的卡尔曼滤波增益;然后以T1P1模型为基础,利用统计规律及预测数据估计NLOS平均误差,重构卡尔曼滤波的观测值;最后利用Chan算法计算移动台的位置。仿真结果表明该方法可以有效地抑制NLOS误差,在一定程度上提高了NLOS环境下定位的精度。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的无人机测向定位算法研究

为了提高无人机测向定位精度,并直观地表示出一定概率下目标可能的位置区域,给出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波(KF)的无人机测向定位算法。首先使用无人机前两次测向线,计算目标位置测量的初始值;其次采用KF算法估计不同时刻目标位置的估计值,并计算每一时刻经卡尔曼滤波后的测角误差;最后将滤波后的测角误差代入目标可能位置概率椭圆算法,计算目标可能位置区域的位置及大小。结果表明:经卡尔曼滤波计算后的位置估计值逼近真实值的速度更快,所得的目标可能位置区域的面积更小,定位精度有了较明显的提高。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks