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尿素和发烟硫酸反应,生成氨基磺酸并放出二氧化碳。由于反应生成大量的热,反应釜内温度急剧上升,使发烟硫酸中的三氧化硫在高温下部分释放,进入反应的尾气中。尾气的主要成份是二氧化碳和三氧化硫。三氧化硫直接排放,含量较高,对大气的污染严重,也不符合国家排放标准。因此,必须对尾气进行处理。南皮县化工厂采用真空喷射吸收装置处理尾气。该装置设备简单,工艺流程短,操作弹性宽,在实际运行中吸收效率高,处理后尾气中三氧化硫含最远远低于国家规定的排放标准。常用的吸收剂有水、98%硫酸及碱液。对生产规模较大的硫酸生产厂,可用98%的硫酸作吸收剂,浓度提高后返回到硫酸生产系统中 相似文献
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简述了三氧化硫磺化技术的发展历程,并分别从三氧化硫磺化装置的工艺空气干燥、三氧化硫发生、磺化/硫酸化、中和、尾气处理等方面系统介绍了三氧化硫磺化装置的优化配置. 相似文献
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分析了亚硝基硫酸生产装置的物料以及工艺特点,找出工艺过程的爆炸危险性,并提出了合理的控制措施. 相似文献
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本文应用吉布斯自由焓最小化方法建立了宝钢化工二期硫酸装置中硫酸燃烧炉酸性气体复杂燃烧反应体系的模型,并进行了热力学分析。结果表明,燃烧温度越高,出口三氧化硫的平衡浓度越低,而硫和NOx的生成呈升高趋势,但硫的生成更主要取决于酸性气体与空气的混合效果和气体在燃烧炉中的停留时间。 相似文献
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介绍了我国三氧化硫磺化技术的发展过程以及目前所处的现状,指出我国的三氧化硫磺化技术经过50多年的发展已进入成熟发展阶段,基本上实现了磺化装置国产化并向大型化发展。重点介绍了各种三氧化硫磺化产品与三氧化硫硫酸化产品的研发和生产情况。 相似文献
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以硫铁矿制酸工艺为例,分析了硫酸生产中主要危险化学物质:硫酸、二氧化硫、三氧化硫及五氧化二钒,辨识了它们的危险因素和存在的部位,并针对物质的危险特性提出了一些相关安全对策措施。 相似文献
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硫酸烷基化装置副产的废硫酸黏稠、杂质多,必须对其加以处理,进行综合利用。介绍了以这种废硫酸和硫回收装置回收的硫磺为原料的制酸装置工艺流程及其运行情况,特别是炉气工艺参数的控制,分析了生产过程中存在的问题,并提出解决措施。 相似文献
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Petroleum ether extracts of alkylbenzene sulfonates prepared by sulfur trioxide, oleum, and sulfuric acid were compared. These
extracts contained by-products as well as unreacted material. Dialkylbenzene, originally existing in raw alkylbenzene, resisted
against sulfonation, especially when sulfur trioxide was used as sulfonating agent. Sulfone formation seemed to occur in the
early stage of sulfonation. Sulfonation with sulfuric acid gave different characteristics to the petroleum ether extract compared
with two other means. 相似文献
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Leonie Brachert Robert Riede Dr.‐Ing. Peter Pfeifer Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Karlheinz Schaber 《化学,工程师,技术》2012,84(4):524-529
In order to generate an acidic test gas, a microstructured reactor for the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide is used to charge a flue gas with sulfur trioxide or sulfuric acid, respectively. During the absorption of the acid gas in water, aerosol formation takes place. The number concentration of the aerosol can be reproducibly adjusted by varying the mass flow of sulfur dioxide and is measured with a condensation particle counter. Thereby, the presented method provides the possibility to produce a H2SO4 test aerosol as required for example for testing aerosol precipitation systems. 相似文献
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With the application of HIGEE process intensification technology, petroleum sulfonate surfactant used for enhanced oil recovery was synthesized from petroleum fraction of Shengli crude oil with three sulfonating agents, including diluted liquid sulfur trioxide, diluted gaseous sulfur trioxide and fuming sulfuric acid. For each sulfonating agent, different operation modes (liquid-liquid or gas-liquid reaction with semi-continuous or continuous operation) were applied. The effects of various experimental conditions, such as solvent/oil mass ratio, sulfonating agent/oil mass ratio, gas/liquid ratio, gas concentration, reaction temperature, rotating speed, circulation ratio, reaction time and aging time, on the content of active matter and unsulfonated oil were investigated. Under relatively optimal reaction conditions, the target product was prepared with high mass content of active matter (up to 45.3%) and extremely low oil/water interfacial tension (4.5×10–3 mN•m–1). The product quality and process efficiency are higher compared with traditional sulfonation technology. 相似文献
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江浩 《硫磷设计与粉体工程》2005,(3):20-23
为了缓解液体硫磺供应的紧张状况,某公司筹建了一套80kt/a固体硫磺熔融装置,以配合硫磺制酸装置的生产。针对固体硫磺熔融装置生产中出现的管线经常堵塞、快速熔硫槽溢流口位置偏高和助滤泵叶轮选型等问题,提出了相应的改造措施,满足了生产要求,取得了较好效果。 相似文献
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阐述2016年我国硫酸行业生产运行情况:产量首次出现负增长,硫黄制酸、硫铁矿制酸产量下降,冶炼烟气制酸产量持续上升,产业集中度进一步提高;进口量同比上升22.4%,山东仍然是进口硫酸最大的消费市场;硫酸表观消费量同比下降0.7%,价格略有回升.分析2017年硫酸行业发展形势. 相似文献