基础化学实验绪论课教学探讨与实践

我们的基础化学实验包括无机化学实验、无机及分析化学实验、普通化学实验,是我校非化学专业学生的必修课。要使大一学生顺利完成对化学实验,尤其是实验操作从生疏到认知、熟练的过程,好的实验开端至关重要。文章介绍了我们实验室开设基础化学实验绪论课的意义,内容和授课采用的方法,着重在如何上好绪论课,采取什么方法和具体实施的探讨与实践上,并总结了上基础化学实验绪论课的几点体会。     

制药工程专业无机化学绪论课的教学探讨

无机化学是面向制药工程专业学生开设的一门基础必修课程,对于学生后续专业课的学习起到承前启后的作用。绪论课是引导学生认识化学学科以及与专业相关的其它学科的最佳机会,所以合理的,有针对性的对无机化学绪论课进行切实可行的教学设计就尤其重要。本文结合作者近3年来的教学经验,从绪论课的内容设置、教学方法以及学习方法的讲授等方面进行了介绍和探索。     

有机化学绪论课的重要性及教学实践

有机化学是农林院校一门公共基础化学课程,具有十分重要的地位.绪论课是教学中第一课,对学生今后的学习起着重要的作用.本文从绪论课的重要性、绪论课内容编排、有机化学绪论课的教学方法三个方面对有机化学绪论课的教学做了介绍和讨论.     

无机化学绪论课创新教学设计

绪论课是无机化学专业课的开端,讲好一堂绪论课,不仅对学生转变思维方式、提高学习兴趣、养成专业素养和确立专业思想有着重要的作用,还能对该课程的学习起到引领和导向作用,也为学生尽快适应大学的教学模式起到关键性的作用。本文从无机化学绪论课的重要意义、精心设计教学内容以及采用多元化教学手段等方面进行研究探讨,指出教学内容的精心设计、灵活多变的教学方法,皆可让无机化学绪论课更加精彩,并达到预期的教学效果。     

对中职卫校无机化学课程教学改革的几点尝试

无机化学是中职卫校医学检验和药剂专业学生的第一门化学基础课,无机化学的学习对建立专业思想和提高专业素质非常重要。本文从绪论课的引导、精简理论知识、增加与医学有关的化学知识、注重理论联系实际、创设问题情景加以讨论、实验前的准备和预习、考核方法等几方面对无机化学课程的教学改革进行了探讨。     

《大学化学》绪论课授课内容的一点尝试

如何让非化学专业学生对于《大学化学》这门公共基础课给予应有的重视,每位授课教师都会开动脑筋、想尽办法。绪论课是课堂教学的第一课,在整个学科教学中具有特殊的地位和重要意义。本文结合教学实践,在绪论课中突出两个方面的授课内容:一方面是学科交叉融合需要化学;另一方面是当好党政领导需要化学。结果激发了学生的听课热情,收到了良好的教学效果。     

化学工程与工艺专业“无机化学”课教学内容及方法的改革与实践

无机化学是化学工程与工艺的专业基础平台课,本文系统地对化学工程与工艺专业"无机化学"课教学内容及方法进行了具体的改革与实践,通过该课题的研究可为化学工程与工艺专业学生的学习提供有价值的理论和实践经验,对材料化学、环境化学和应用化学专业的全部学生以及其他学时数较多的化学专业的无机化学教学也有指导意义。     

有机合成化学课程中绪论部分的教学设计

根据有机合成化学课程的特点,通过对绪论部分内容的教学设计,给学生介绍有机合成的定义、有机合成化学的研究内容及其重要性,对学生了解和掌握本门课的内容和学习方法,培养学生的科学素养,为提高学生的学习兴趣、学习效果及后续课程的学习奠定基础。     

微课在无机化学实验教学中的应用研究

无机化学实验是一门公共基础实验课,担负着培养学生化学实践能力的重任,在整个基础化学实验教学中占有举足轻重的地位。然而传统单一的教学模式,教学效果不佳,难以激发学生的学习兴趣。微课是信息化时代提出的新型教学模式,能够突破时间和空间的限制,为学生带来身临其境的教学效果。针对目前无机化学实验教学中存在的问题,将微课应用于无机化学实验教学中,能有效地弥补传统教学方式的不足,不断提升无机化学实验教学效果。     

物理化学绪论课的教学实践与思考

本文针对绪论课在物理化学整体教学过程中的重要地位,介绍了上好第一节绪论课的具体方法和个人体会。通过介绍物理化学的地位,主要内容,尤其结合生产实践和科研进展,强调物理化学各部分内容在化工生产和生活实践中的应用,纠正物理化学无用论的错误认识,提高学生的学习热情,最后总结学习方法,提高物理化学的教学质量。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。