十二烷基二甲基（2－羟乙基）氯化铵同系列季铵盐类缓蚀剂的性能

９５－０４５十二烷基二甲基（２－羟乙基）氯化铵同系列季铵盐类缓蚀剂的性能在５％盐酸中，使用两种电化学法，即极化曲线和线性极化法及失重法研究了十二烷基二甲基（２－羟乙基）氯化铵、十四烷基二甲基（２－羟乙基）氯化铵和十六烷基二甲基（２－羟乙基）氯化铵对低...     

十二烷基－二甲基（2－羟基）乙基氯化铵系列季铵盐的缓蚀性能

通过失重法和极化曲线、线性极化两种电化学方法，研究了十二烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵（１２２）、十四烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵（１４２）和十六烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵（１６２）对２０＃碳钢在５％盐酸中的缓蚀作用。并与新洁尔灭（十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵）进行了比较。结果表明，它们在酸性介质中具有很好的缓蚀作用。     

季铵盐型阳离子匀染剂与复配物的研制及在腈纶染色中的应用

合成了腈纶匀染剂十二烷基二甲基羟乙基氯化铵和十二烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵，并分别与匀染剂１２２７复配，均有良好的匀染效果，且复配物消除了１２２７染色后期易集中上市的弊端，匀染效果明显优于１２２７。     

季铵盐型阳离子匀染剂与复配物的研制及在腈纶染色中的应用

合成了腈纶匀染剂十二烷基二甲基羟乙基氯化铵和十二烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵，并分别与匀染剂１２２７复配，均有良好的匀染效果，且复配物消除了１２２７染色后期易集中上染的弊端，匀染效果明显优于１２２７。     

含羟基季铵盐杀生剂的合成

合成了十四烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵和十六烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵两个新型杀生剂。用元素定量分析和红外光谱、核磁共振谱等方法进行了分析和结构鉴定。评定了两个化合物对硫酸盐还原菌的杀生作用。结果表明，两个化合物具有很好的杀生效果。     

微量十二烷基二甲基苯甲基氯化铵的测定

十二烷基二甲基苯甲基氯化铵、十二烷基磺酸钠和溴百里酚蓝在pH 7.4～ 8.2范围内形成黄绿色离子缔合物。把十二烷基磺酸钠、溴百里酚蓝、缓冲溶液按顺序加入十二烷基二甲基苯甲基氯化铵中 ,15min后于 45 6nm处测其吸光度 ,微量测定十二烷基二甲基苯甲基氯化铵的含量。通过调节pH值、加入掩蔽剂掩蔽金属离子排除干扰。     

改性蒙脱土对EPDM/蒙脱土纳米复合材料性能的影响

研究了3种表面改性剂三甲基十八烷基氯化铵、2-羟乙基甲基十二烷基氯化铵和二甲基苄基十八烷基氯化铵处理的蒙脱土对EPDM/蒙脱土纳米复合材料物理机械性能和动态力学性能的影响.结果表明,以含有羟乙基的表面活性剂处理的蒙脱土增强EPDM的纳米复合材料具有最佳的物理机械性能和动态力学性能.     

新型阳离子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

本文研究了利用３－氯－１，２－丙二醇和二甲基十二烷基胺合成新型阳离子表面活性剂二（羟基）丙基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵的合成工艺，并研究了其溶液性能。     

氨基磺酸水溶液中含羟基季铵盐类的缓蚀作用的研究

研究了合成的十二烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵等含羟基季铵盐，对２０＾＃碳钢在１０％氨基磺酸水溶液中的缓蚀作用。结果表明：这一类季铵盐在酸性介质中有良好的缓蚀作用，随着烷基链的增长，缓蚀效率增加。     

十二烷基二甲基苯氧乙基氯化铵的合成研究

苯酚与1．2-二氯乙烷在相转移催化剂存在下反应制得β-氯乙基苯基醚,该化合物与十二烷二甲基胺发生季铵化反应制得十二烷基二甲基苯氧乙基氯化铵。通过性质试验及红外光谱分析初步验证了产品的结构。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。