矿床模型块段权重与露天矿设计统一模型

净利法是至今仍广泛使用的一种矿床模型块段权重的计算方法，适用于矿床单一露采的情况。对于矿床采用露天与地下联合开采的情况及露天矿优化设计的各种经济目标，依据经济合理剥采比的计算原理可以提出净利差额法、收支比率法和费用差额法３种新的块段权重计算方法及其参数分析算法。三者中的前两者是净地的推广。基于上述块段权重计算技术可以建立露天矿设计的统一模型，这个统一模型可以用来描述露天矿最终界、分期境界和初台境界     

Symmetry and conservation laws for optimum design of open pit mines

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深基坑支护工程的结构设计

以某地下泵房基坑支护工程的结构设计为例,阐述了深基坑支护设计的具体方法和原则,并指出了深基坑支护设计中的监测措施及应急预案的重要性。     

可视化三维露天矿模拟开采技术

可视化三维露天矿模拟开采系统（简称ＭＰＬＡＮ）是一套以电铲工作为核心，建立在三维块段法开采模型基础上的功能完善、能模拟实际开采工艺和开采技术条件下各种约束条件的高集成度三维视图模拟开采及进度计划编制软件系统。主要介绍了ＭＰＬＡＮ系统的逻辑结构、工程定义、开采模型建模、模拟开采与报表生成的原理与方法。     

体积成形预成形设计及优化方法的研究与应用

文章立足于体积成形预成形设计及优化领域的新发展,侧重介绍了在叶片锻造预成形设计及优化方面的应用。对包括工程实际、物理模拟、数值模拟以及类等势场模拟在内的体积成形预成形的各种设计方法进行了全面阐述;归纳总结了目前研究较为热门的基于数值模拟,并结合一定寻优方法的体积成形预成形优化设计的各种主流及创新方法,而且对这些方法的基本原理、优缺点以及应用前景等做了详细介绍;对未来预成形设计及优化技术的总体发展趋势进行了展望。     

Optimum design of welding transformer

Welding transformer is widely used in industry manufacturing,depleting a large Portion of electricity energy.Based on modern computer and mathematical programming,Optimun design of electro-magnetic devicesleads to highly efficient use of energr and materials.Arc welding transformer is optimized here.A mathematical model,considering both productive cost and operating losses,which is called ar Economical-through-Life transformer,is estab-lished.Mixed function method,mixed dispersing variable method and improved orthogonal method have beenapplied to carry out the optimization calculations.Result shows that the power factor is quite important in an Econmi-cal-through-Life transformer,and that some principles must be followed in the design work.Also discussed are the ad-vantages and disadvantages of the three methods.In the end,the prospect of optimum design of welding transformer isforecast.     

炭素煅烧回转窑的优化设计与数学模拟

本文全面分析了目前国内炭素煅烧回转窑存在的主要技术问题,提出了回转窑优化设计的解决方案,并通过数学模拟的方法对新、老式回转窑进行了模拟验证。优化设计的新型回转窑已经通过生产运行实践检验,取得了很好的使用效果,对今后我国炭素煅烧回转窑的设计及改造具有借鉴和指导意义。     

井式炉炉壁砌体的优化设计

采用非稳态炉壁传热的数学模型计算井式炉炉壁砌体材料的热损失，应用计算机规程，优化原理对不同材料组合的炉墙进行了优化设计，求出最佳炉墙厚度尺寸。经实践验证可可减少热损失10%左右，并节省了筑炉材料。     

PLC控制系统设计

本文分析了影响PLC控制系统的主要因素,并对PLC控制系统从原理、实现方式等方面进行了分析和比较。这些设计方法对提高PLC控制系统可靠性有重要的参考价值。本文从硬件和软件两个方面进行了具体的设计研究。     

Probabilistic modelling of fatigue crack initiation from pits and pit clusters in aluminium alloys

Abstract

A numerical model of crack initiation under high cycle fatigue loading from pits is investigated in this paper. A probability based pit growth model, which takes into account the influence of mechanical cyclic load and particle clusters present in alloys, is used for investigations. Critical pit sizes, calculated using linear elastic fracture mechanics principles, are used to determine the probability of crack initiation for different conditions. The results are critically compared to extract an insight on the parameters that control the pit growth behaviour and thereby the fatigue crack initiation.     

谈谈用传统方法确定露天境界

目前,在我国的露天矿开采设计中,广泛采用nj≤njh原则确定境界,本文系统地论述了用手工方法圈定露天境界的步骤。     

灰色模糊模型在基坑最优排桩中的应用与仿真

基坑排桩方法是决定建筑物安全性能与建设成本的关键,为了改善当前排桩方法主观性太强、缺少约束条件的弊端,设计一种基于灰色模糊的基坑排桩模型。模型以两桩排桩结构为例,描述了等值梁法的基坑排桩建模过程,利用灰色模糊理论构建待优化排桩数据评价集合,向集合中加入环境信息以及建筑约束条件,建立模型隶属度函数,采用最小二乘法给出基坑排桩方法的目标函数,以实现对等值梁法的优化。计算机仿真结果显示,所设计模型能够充分利用环境信息,优化效果显著,且对建筑物的结构改变率低。     

铝合金双动挤压机穿孔系统工具的优化设计探讨

通过对国产35MN挤压机穿孔系统工具结构设计的分析，指出了某些铝合金双动挤压机在穿孔系统工具结构设计中存在的问题，提出了优化设计的基本原则和方案。     

1000kN模具研配压力机机架有限元分析及优化设计

利用Cosmos Works对模具研配压力机的机架进行了有限元静力分析,求出了机架的应力和变形分布情况。根据静力学分析结果,对整个机架进行结构参数优化设计,使机架重量减少了9．28％,获得了良好的结构参数。对模具研配压力机框架式机架的设计提供了新的思路和方法。     

计算机辅助露天矿爆破设计软件开发与应用

本文提出的计算机辅助露天矿爆破设计软件,是基于AutoCAD二次开发利用Visual C++和ObjectARX接口实现的.该软件可用于改进传统的人工设计方法,提高爆破设计的合理性和可靠性,为爆破设计的科学化和规范化,提供了较为先进的一种技术或方法.     

镁合金异形件等温精密成形预制坯优化设计

基于有限元理论,对镁合金箱盖预制坯形状进行了多目标优化设计。采用DEFORM3D有限元软件,对镁合金瞄具座箱盖的成形过程进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明,金属流动相对较均匀,未发现充不满等缺陷。工艺实验表明,数值模拟结果可用于实际生产。     

Integrated bottom up and top down approach to optimization of the extrusion process

Boal BV and the University of Twente participate in research projects focused on improvement of die design methods for aluminum extrusion dies. Within this research empirical knowledge is combined with insights gained from numerical process simulations. Design rules for improvements to the geometry and functionality of flat and porthole dies have been defined. For porthole dies this has led to enhanced die stability and significant reduction of scrap. For both flat and porthole dies an increase in production speed and a reduction of wear has been obtained. This paper will describe the scope of this research and present results achieved in industrial practice.     

High precision linear slide. Part II: control and measurements

Design and construction of a linear slide have been discussed in Mekid [1]. Very high precision in nanometric scale depends on mechanical design and servo control with a very precise and adequate metrology. However, servo technology is employed as a method for going beyond mechanical accuracy limits. For that purpose the linear slide is controlled using two methods: Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) controller and Internal Model Controller (IMC) that would compensate automatically for unmodeled mechanical behaviors such as prerolling phenomena.The paper focuses on the design of a numerical controller able to handle imprecision in the model of behavior of mechanical and electromechanical components of the bench. The metrology frame including laser interferometer and optic linear encoder was used for the measurements.     

气缸盖砂芯整体涂料工艺及夹具的优化设计

运用美学、人类工效学、绩效理论,以及黄金分割原理的设计理念优化设计制作4102气缸盖砂芯整体涂料工艺及夹具。对气缸盖砂芯整体涂料工艺的确定,及其整体涂料夹具的旋转框架、夹紧气缸的密封、定位导柱、电动及手动摆料机构等主要零部件的结构优化设计进行了较详细的评述;所用的优化设计理念,也可指导其它铸造工装的优化设计。     

Ultimate pit optimization with ecological cost for open pit metal mines

The ecological costs of open pit metal mining are quantified, which include lost value of direct eco-services, lost value of indirect eco-services, prevention and restoration costs, and cost of carbon emission from energy consumption. These ecological costs are incorporated in an iterative ultimate pit optimization algorithm. A case study is presented to demonstrate the influence of ecological costs on pit design outcome. The results show that it is possible to internalize ecological costs in mine designs. The pit optimization outcome shifts considerably to the conservative side and the profitability decreases substantially when ecological costs are accounted for.