The effects of experience during design problem solving

Behavioural and physiological experiments to analsye the development, influence and application of experience during design problem solving are described. The results of the behavioural experiments show, that while novices try to solve assignments through deductive reasoning, experts prefer to apply their experience directly. The electrophysiological experiments indicate, that as a manifestation of this, the regions activated in the human brain during problem solving vary according to the experience a test person has. Novices show a longer activity in the frontal regions whereas the experts seem to have longer activity in the parietal regions of the brain.     

Design as bricolage: anthropology meets design thinking

We identify a metaphor for the design activity: we view design as bricolage. We start from describing bricolage, and we proceed to the relationship of design to art. We obtain a characterisation of design that enables us to show that both traditional and contemporary design are forms of bricolage. We examine the consequences of ‘design as bricolage' for the relationship between design and science and for the extent of the design activity.     

认知心理学在人机界面中的应用

工业设计离不开人机界面设计,而人机界面设计又离不开人类心理学.分析了认知心理学的特点,并指出了其在人机界面中的指导作用.     

Understanding the role of intuition in decision-making when designing for experiences: contributions from cognitive psychology

In the cognitive sciences, intuition is described as a way of processing information based on automatic, affective and personal standards, but it is not the opposite of rationality. Designers generate solutions to daily issues, which forces them to make decisions that cannot be always understood rationally. Designing for experiences is a delicate practice in a rational perspective, since the designer's interpretation on how to trigger particular experiences can be highly influenced by intuition. Designers have a choice to use intuition in the design process without control, or to understand the process and use it consciously. In this context, self-knowing is a key factor in intentional intuiting. This paper aims at discussing how intuition works when professionals design for experiences and, by providing the basis to understand the process, offers inputs on how to deal with it, avoiding biases in the design practice and helping to develop self-knowledge.

Relevance to ergonomics theory

In recent decades, ergonomics has been concerned with the understanding of designing to evoke or prevent particular experiences among users. The designer's challenge is to interpret users’ bodily experiences, commonly without awareness of the situation or context in which they are perceived. The design process is often affected by intuition and its role needs to be understood by professionals in order to be used accurately. Theoretical inputs from cognitive psychology are discussed in relation to the design practice, to help improve ergonomics theory in the context of intuition in designing for experiences.

The paper indicates that a designer can make a conscious decision to use intuition when designing for experiences. The use of intentional intuiting in this context does not exclude rational thinking, but complements it and helps qualifying design decision-making, since it reduces the use of biased subjectiveness in the interpretation on how to evoke or prevent particular experiences. The training of intentional intuiting is possible but challenging since it takes time, and the keys to successful use of intuition lay in self-knowing and appropriate state of mind of a designer.     

新工艺与人工智能设计的创造心理与社会美学内涵探究

剖析二战结束以来西方兴起的手工艺向纯艺术转化的趋势,揭示手工艺人“由技入道”的定位转换所隐含的理论及现实问题,反思现代主义艺术理念对手工艺的宰制与挪用现象。考察人工智能设计为促进设计与制作再融合所提供的契机,进而提出了新工艺的概念构想。根据具身认知及情境认知理论,分析手工艺创作具有的设计内含于制作,感知与运动协调往复等特征,梳理手工艺的社会美学所彰显的交互、情境、合作等价值,进而论证人工智能设计与手工艺的结合,对于破解身心关系这一创造心理的核心命题,以及由技术具身化对强人工智能可能的路径等方面的理论和应用价值的探索。人工智能在新工艺领域的应用将重启设计与制作的交融,而集研究、设计、制作等职能于一身的新工匠将通过各种实验性探索对“材美工巧”、“心手同体”等传统理念做出创造性的诠释。     

分析行为管理学在工业设计中的应用

通过建构一个在工业设计中的行为系统,并对其从设计心理学的角度进行分析与研究,得出对设计行为系统进行管理的方法和途径.     

大中型水利工程建设管理的实践和体会

水利工程建设是基础设施建设的重要组成部分。加强水利工程建设管理是提高水利投资效益和社会、经济、生态效益的重要途经,是工程管理科学研究的重要内容。文章主要阐述了不同阶段大中型水利工程建设管理的责任主体、管理重点、有效做法和成功案例。