光伏系统变步长最大功率跟踪策略仿真研究

利用Matlab/Simulink和组件工程模型建立了光伏发电系统仿真模型.在分析了传统的扰动观测法跟踪原理的基础上,提出了一种变步长跟踪算法,以求克服传统算法中定步长跟踪带来的不利影响,并对其有效性进行了仿真验证.     

基于模糊控制的无电压传感器光伏系统MPPT研究

基于光伏并网发电系统直流母线电压恒定的特点,定义了一个由光伏电池输出电流和Boost变换器占空比表示的等效功率,根据该等效功率与Boost变换器占空比的关系深入分析了一种无电压传感器最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)算法。为了实现变步长跟踪以保证MPPT算法的快速性,将模糊控制与无电压传感器MPPT算法相结合,改善了系统的动态特性。基于Matlab/Simulink平台搭建了光伏并网发电系统模型,将该算法与传统的扰动观测法进行比较,结果表明,在保证稳态精度的基础上,基于模糊控制的无电压传感器MPPT算法具有更快的跟踪速度,并在光照强度和温度变化的条件下证明了该算法具有更好的鲁棒性。     

太阳能光伏系统MPPT控制算法的对比研究

根据光伏太阳电池板的内部结构和输出伏安特性建立光伏方阵的Matlab仿真模型,利用实测的气象光强数据对恒压跟踪法、爬山法、爬山改进法和INC法等4种光伏系统最大功率跟踪(MPPT)控制算法进行计算机仿真,评价每种算法在不同天气的光照变化条件下特别是光照强度迅速变化时的跟踪效果,得出各个算法的优缺点。仿真结果用于指导太阳能光伏系统最大功率跟踪器的设计及其控制算法的选择。     

太阳能光伏发电最大功率点间接跟踪算法研究

针对太阳能光伏发电最大功率传统跟踪算法的跟踪对象为光伏阵列的输出功率,通过改变跟踪对象,提出了MPPT参数β跟踪与双电压跟踪法,分析了间接跟踪算法的原理特点和实现方案.在分析太阳能电池等效电路模型的基础上,建立了太阳能电池阵列的数学模型,通过MPPT仿真实验验证了此二种间接跟踪算法可行有效,供借鉴.     

基于改进MPPT算法的微电网电能质量改善作用研究

基于最大功率跟踪(MPPT)技术的光伏发电系统,其控制器输出功率参考值由MPPT算法实时计算得到。MPPT算法的快速性、准确性和稳定性可直接影响光伏发电系统的输出功率特性及发电质量。为此,结合单级式光伏并网发电系统的控制原理,分析了MPPT算法对光伏发电系统的控制作用;并针对一种常用变步长扰动算法存在的问题,结合光伏电池的数学模型,提出了一种改进的变步长扰动算法。该算法可有效提高跟踪速度和精度,降低功率波动,提高发电质量。最后,仿真分析了改进前后含光伏发电系统的微电网的电能质量,验证了改进MPPT算法对微电网电能质量的改善作用。     

基于改进扰动观察法的光伏电池最大功率跟踪

有效地提高光伏电池的利用率对光伏系统至关重要,为此建立了具有通用性的光伏电池工程实用模型及相应的Boost转换电路,采用改进的扰动观察法控制Boost电路占空比实现光伏电池最大功率跟踪(MPPT),阐述了其实现策略并进行仿真验证。结果表明,外界温度、光照变化条件下该方法可精确跟踪光伏电池的最大功率点,实现光伏电池的高效转换。     

基于改进人工鱼群算法的光伏系统MPPT研究

针对光伏系统最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)传统算法的不足,提出一种改进的人工鱼群算法(IAFSA),该算法将扰动观察法(PO)引入到人工鱼群算法。首先利用扰动观察法实时性强和跟踪快速的特点找到系统的最大功率点,然后由人工鱼群算法对全局最大功率点进行快速搜索跟踪,确定功率点极值,避免了扰动观察法使功率最大点陷入局部极值的问题。应用Matlab仿真,分别以标准环境温度下光照均匀和光照部分被遮蔽以及不同环境温度下光照部分被遮蔽3种条件对IAFSA与传统的PO和PSO算法最大功率点跟踪效果进行比较,仿真结果表明,采用IAFSA算法可有效跟踪光伏系统的最大功率点,提高系统的应用效率。     

自适应BP神经网络在光伏MPPT中的应用

根据光伏电池的内部结构和输出伏安特性建立Matlab仿真模型。比较了扰动观察法(P&O)、电导增量法、恒定电压法、开路电压法和寄生电容法等几种光伏系统最大功率跟踪(MPPT)算法。由于这些算法存在在最大功率点附近扰动较大、且受环境影响、鲁棒性较差等问题,提出一种基于神经网络的MPPT算法。将温度和光强作为输入变量,通过神经网络识别后可得到最大功率点。仿真表明所提出的方法具有良好的适应性,显著提高了光伏系统的转换效率。     

一种改进的光伏系统MPPT控制算法

在分析传统扰动观测法缺点的基础上,提出改进的控制算法,使光伏系统具有检测系统稳定状态的能力,并根据检测到的状态进行相应控制,实现了系统稳态占空比无扰动、母线电压无波动。在考虑光照强度、温度、负载重载(轻载)、母线电压扰动的情况下对改进控制算法进行MATLAB仿真,并进行实验验证。实验结果证明改进的控制算法比传统算法跟踪稳定性更好、精度更高。     

局部阴影下光伏阵列全局MPPT控制方法

在局部阴影条件下,由带旁路二极管光伏组件构成的光伏阵列的功率-电压特性曲线可能有多个局部最大功率点。为保证寻找到光伏阵列的全局最大功率点,提出了一种基于扰动观测法和导纳增量法的改进全局最大功率点跟踪的控制方法。通过建立仿真模型和试验,验证了该方法的有效性。与基于普通扰动观测法的控制策略比较分析表明,改进算法具有更好的跟踪效果与更小的功率振荡损失。     

A comprehensive simulator for assessing the reliability of a photovoltaic panel peak power tracking system

When designing a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, it is often difficult to correctly predict, before field testing, the behavior of this MPPT under varying solar irradiation on photovoltaic (PV) panels. A solution to this problem is to design a maximum power point trackers simulator of a PV system used to test MPPT algorithms. This simulator must have the same role as the MPPT card of the PV panel and thus will fully emulate the response of a real MPPT card of the PV panel. Therefore, it is a good substitute to help to test the peak power trackers of the PV system in the laboratory. This paper describes a simple peak power trackers simulator of the PV system which has a short response time thus, can be used to test MPPT algorithms under very rapid variation condition. The obtained results and the theoretical operation confirm the reliability and the superior performance of the proposed model.     

Implementation of photovoltaic water pumping system with MPPT controls

To increase the output efficiency of a photovoltaic (PV) system, it is important to apply an efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique. This paper describes the analysis, the design and the experimental implementation of the tracking methods for a stand-alone PV system, using two approaches. The first one is the constant voltage (CV) MPPT method based on the optimum voltage, which was deduced experimentally, and considered as a reference value to extract the optimum power. The second one is the increment conductance (Inc-Cond) MPPT method based on the calculation of the power derivative extracted by the installation. The output controller can adjust the duty ratio to the optimum value. This optimum duty ratio is the input of a DC/DC boost converter which feeds a set of Moto-pump via a DC/AC inverter. This paper presents the details of the two approaches implemented, based on the system performance characteristics. Contributions are made in several aspects of the system, including converter design, system simulation, controller programming, and experimental setup. The MPPT control algorithms implemented extract the maximum power point (MPP), with satisfactory performance and without steady-state oscillation. MATLAB/Simulink and dSpace DS1104 are used to conduct studies and implement algorithms. The two proposed methods have been validated by implementing the performance of the PV pumping systems installed on the roof of the research laboratory in INSAT Tunisia. Experimental results verify the feasibility and the improved functionality of the system.     

Dynamic behaviour of PV generator trackers under irradiation and temperature changes

Maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) have a decisive role to extract power from the photovoltaic (PV) generators as they have to assume the maximum power output (MPP) whatever are the continuous changes of temperature and irradiation conditions. Therefore, they take a prior place in the global PV system efficiency. These trackers are driven by MPPT algorithms and lot of these MPPT algorithms are proposed in literature. The two most common implemented algorithms for power optimisation are the Perturb and Observe (P&O) and the Incremental of Conductance (IncCond) algorithms, which present a high simplicity of implementation within electronics programmable circuits. With an approach based on realistic parameters such as those found when the generator is integrated in a real photovoltaic installation, the two MPPT techniques are dynamically compared using testing procedures developed with Matlab/Simulink. The study leads us to conclude that both algorithms can be performed for PV exposures in unfavourable but realistic external conditions.     

Maximum power tracking for photovoltaic power system: Development and experimental comparison of two algorithms

This work presents an experimental comparison of two algorithms developed in order to maximize the output power from a photovoltaic (PV) system for the same given set of conditions. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods proposed in this study are two extended algorithms: Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance. The numerical modelling of the PV system shows the MPPT interest and then the extended MPPT algorithms are highlighted. In this paper, a PV system based on a boost converter as MPPT device is considered. A programmable DC electronic load is fed by two identical PV systems in which the MPPT control converter algorithms are different. This experimental platform operates under the same conditions such as changing solar radiation and cell temperature. The experimental results obtained with a dSPACE controller board show the MPPT energy efficiency of the proposed algorithms.     

ΔD法实现光伏系统最大功率点跟踪

在光伏系统中,光照强度、环境温度和负载变化等将会影响光伏系统的功率输出,因此光伏系统最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)是光伏系统研究的一个重要环节。文章在对比当前几种MPPT算法的基础上,通过改进扰动观察法得到了一种改变变换器开关频率占空比(D)来获得光伏系统最大输出功率的方案。利用MATLAB对光伏系统进行了不同工作条件下的仿真,证明其是可行的。同时,在一个实际光伏应用系统中进行占空比微增(ΔD)法最大功率点跟踪的应用试验。     

A Single-Stage Three-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System With Modified MPPT Method and Reactive Power Compensation

Single-stage grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems have advantages such as simple topology, high efficiency, etc. However, since all the control objectives such as the maximum power point tracking (MPPT), synchronization with the utility voltage, and harmonics reduction for output current need to be considered simultaneously, the complexity of the control scheme is much increased. This paper presents the implementation of a single-stage three-phase grid-connected PV system. In addition to realize the aforementioned control objectives, the proposed control can also remarkably improve the stability of the MPPT method with a modified incremental conductance MPPT method. The reactive power compensation for local load is also realized, so as to alleviate grid burden. A DSP is employed to implement the proposed MPPT controller and reactive power compensation unit. Simulation and experimental results show the high stability and high efficiency of this single-stage three-phase grid-connected PV system.     

Real-time simulation platform for photovoltaic system with a boost converter using MPPT algorithm in a DSP controller

Recently, real-time simulation of renewable energy sources are indispensible for evaluating the performance of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, especially in the photovoltaic (PV) system in order to reduce cost in the testing phase. Nowadays, real time PV simulators are obtained by using analog and/or digital components. In this paper, a real-time simulation of a PV system with a boost converter was proposed using only the digital signal processor (DSP) processor with two DC voltage sources to emulate the temperature and irradiation in the PV system. A MATLAB/Simulink environment was used to develop the real-time PV system with a boost converter into a C-program and build it into a DSP controller TMS320F28335. Besides, the performance of the real-time DSP-based PV was tested in different temperature and irradiation conditions to observe the P-V and V-I characteristics. Further, the performance of the PV with a boost converter was tested at different temperatures and irradiations using MPPT algorithms. This scheme was tested through simulation and the results were validated with that of standard conditions given in the PV data sheets. Implementation of this project helped to attract more researchers to study renewable energy applications without real sources. This might facilitate the study of PV systems in a real-time scenario and the evaluation of what should be expected for PV modules available in the market.     

Fuzzy logic-based MPPT controllers for three-phase grid-connected inverters

In photovoltaic (PV) applications, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) module is necessary to extract the whole energy that the PV module can generate depending on the instantaneous conditions of the PV system. A PV module is obtained by connecting a number of solar cells in series and parallel, which causes voltage and current to increase at module terminations. The present work is based on a three-phase grid-connected inverter designed for a 100 kW PV power plant that uses an MPPT scheme based on fuzzy logic controllers. The whole system presented is simulated in MATLAB. The fuzzy logic-based MPPT controllers show accurate and fast responses and are integrated into the inverter, so that the there is no requirement for a dc–dc converter. The inverter allows full control of reactive power.     

Maximum photovoltaic power tracking for the PV array using the fractional-order incremental conductance method

This paper proposes maximum photovoltaic power tracking (MPPT) for the photovoltaic (PV) array using the fractional-order incremental conductance method (FOICM). Since the PV array has low conversion efficiency, and the output power of PV array depends on the operation environments, such as various solar radiation, environment temperature, and weather conditions. Maximum charging power can be increased to a battery using a MPPT algorithm. The energy conversion of the absorbed solar light and cell temperature is directly transferred to the semiconductor, but electricity conduction has anomalous diffusion phenomena in inhomogeneous material. FOICM can provide a dynamic mathematical model to describe non-linear characteristics. The fractional-order incremental change as dynamic variable is used to adjust the PV array voltage toward the maximum power point. For a small-scale PV conversion system, the proposed method is validated by simulation with different operation environments. Compared with traditional methods, experimental results demonstrate the short tracking time and the practicality in MPPT of PV array.