预热器撒料性能的实验研究

本文对不同结构型式撒料装置在不同状况下撒料性能进行研究,采用实物大小的模型系统试验了撒料板角度从0°-45°撤料板插入深度从0～300mm及改变撒料板宽度和高度等不同状况下物料的分散情况,通过实际测量撒料高度及数学计算的方法来分析研究不同状况下物料的分散效果,从而得出使物料允分分散的最优型式的撒料装置,为实际工程应用的预热器开发提供了很好的设计依据.结果表明,撒料板角度为5°,插入深度为200mm时物料分散情况最好.     

预分解窑的旁路放凤系统

1932年丹麦约根生工程师申请"用细分散物料喂入回转窑的方法和装置"即现在人们称为"旋风预热器窑"专利,1934年获批.德国洪堡公司首先制造旋风预热器窑.此后人们为解决窑尾烟室及旋风预热器等处物料结皮发明了旁路放风技术.以下分述结皮的成因和旁路放风的作用,以及相关案例.     

悬浮预热器撒料板的实用制作技术

在新型干法生产线窑尾烟室上升烟道及各级旋风筒出风管部位都安装有撒料板,使预热器各级下料管内下落的物料分散均匀,并在负压的旋转气流中达到充分悬浮,有利于物料与高温烟气的热交换,从而逐步完成物料的预热和预分解反应。因预     

立筒预热器窑改造途径

１技术改造途径１．１改进型立筒预热器技术（见图１）改进型立筒预热器顶部采用两或三级旋风预热器，下部采用两钵立筒。旋风预热器的一级旋风筒为２个，底级旋风筒为１个，采用双进风，其分离出的物料由立筒顶部中心进入立筒，使物料充分分散，避免贴壁下落，有利于物料预热。由于其独特的工艺布置和自身结构，减少了物料在立筒中的循环量，较大地提高了预热器热效率，从而使窑产量提高２０％～３０％，热耗降低２０％～３５％。１９８５～２００１年，先后有十几条生产线采用该项技术。目前，改进型立筒预热器已经形成从２００～１０００…     

旋风预热器新型料封分散装置研究

针对目前悬浮预热器中旋风筒下料管采用阀动阀容易产生漏风及物料在上升管道中分散度差等问题，试验研究开发了一种新型封分散装置应用于旋风预热器上，通过对此装置的一系列性能测试，找出了料封分散装置设计的结构参数与操作参数，并分析了各参数对预热器工作性能的影响。     

新型料封分散装置的开发研究

本文讨论了一种新型料封分散装置，它改善了旋风预热器和立筒预热器的传效率和降低系统压损失，取得了明显的节能效果，并提高了预热器窑的产量。     

论旋风预热器系统对物料预热效果的影响因素

从热平衡原理出发，建立了旋风预热器有关参数之间的关系，并通过对影响旋风预热的效果诸因素的分析，提出了强化各旋风筒内气体介质与物料之间的传热和减小各旋风筒出口物料温度与废气温度之差是提高旋风预热器预热效果的主要因素，并随着各旋风筒分离效率的提高，散热损失和漏风量的减少都可在不同程度上提高物料的预热效果。     

改进立筒预热器

在解决立筒内物料分散不良的同时，对预热器系统的换热单元重新组合匹配，为提高窑尾温度创造条件，获取更高的入窑物料分解率，这是立筒改进的途径之一。     

介绍新型高效立筒预热器窑

０引言我们对立筒预热器和其附属部件进行多年的研究与改进 ,经过在Φ２ ５ｍ和Φ３ｍ回转窑上推广应用 ,其产量与热耗均已达到五级旋风预热器的水平 ,而运转率又比五级旋风预热器略高。１高效立筒预热器的特点１）三级旋风预热器系统为了提高Ⅰ级筒的收尘效率 ,我们先后采用了如图１所示的直筒形内筒、减阻形内筒和靴形内筒 ,后来采用了自行设计的第４种内筒 ,在特殊情况下 ,收尘效率很高 ,在这个基础上 ,研制出新型高效内筒。Ⅱ级旋风筒采用低阻式旋风筒 ,并逐步采用了进气管不等速技术 ,增加物料与空气的速度差 ,加强热的传递与交换。Ⅲ…     

SP窑旋风预热系统的设计

SP窑即悬浮预热器窑。根据气体与物料在系统中进行热交换时的运动关系,悬浮预热器可以分为同流型、逆流型和混流型。旋风预热器属于同流型。在旋风筒间的连接风管内,物料颗粒与气流之间的相对速度和温差都较大,料粒与气体分子频繁接触,热交换的条件比较优越;当不均质流体进入旋风筒后,物料与气体基本上已没有热交换而开始分离。     

底座连接口特征参数对显示器后壳注塑质量的影响分析

在Moldflow分析软件的基础上,对显示器后壳进行仿真研究,以翘曲变形量为质量指标,结合控制变量法进行单因素变动实验,保持注射工艺参数不变,研究显示器后壳底座连接口对制品翘曲变形的影响.对数据进行图表分析,结果表明显示器后壳尺寸定位68.58 cm(27英寸)时,底座连接口选用圆形,连接口位置距离底边26 mm,尺寸...     

The role of the symmetry and the flexibility of the anion on the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ionic liquids☆

The transport properties of ionic liquids (ILs) are crucial properties in view of their applications in electrochem-ical devices. One of the most important advantages of ILs is that their chemical–physical properties and conse-quently their bulk performances can be well tuned by optimizing the chemical structures of their ions. This will require elucidating the structural features of the ions that fundamentally determine the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs. Here we showed for the first time that the“rigidity”, the order, and the compactness of the three-dimensional ionic networks generated by the anions and the cation head groups determine the formation and the sizes of the nanostructures in the apolar domains of ILs. We also found that the properties of ionic networks are governed by the conformational flexibility and the symmetry of the anion and/or the cation head group. The thermal stability of the nanostructures of ILs was shown to be con-trolled by the sensitivity of the conformational equilibrium of the anion to the change of temperature. We showed that the viscosity of ILs is strongly related to the symmetry and the flexibility of the constitute ions rather than to the size of the nanostructures of ILs. Therefore, the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs, especially the thermal stability of the nanostructures, can be fine-tuned by tailoring the symmetry and the conformational flexibility of the anion.     

浅谈设备的性能与操作对胎面压出质量的影响

简要介绍了胎面压出的工作原理及工艺过程，对设备的配置及操作对胎面压出质量的影响进行了分析，并对压出过程中常见的质量缺陷、造成的原因以及解决措施提出了自己的见解。     

Investigation of the effects of fatty acids on the compressive strength of the concrete and the grindability of the cement

In cement industry, a great energy consumption has been observed during grinding of clinker. To reduce this consumption, some waste products have been used as grinding aids.In this investigation, the effects of sunflower oil (SO), oleic acid (OA), stearic acid (SA), myristic acid (MA) and lauric acid (LA) on the fineness and strength of the cement have been examined. These aids were added into clinker in certain ratios based on the cement clinker weight and the grinding has been done for a definite time at the same condition.All of the fatty acids used increased the fineness as compared with the cement without the grinding additives. SO and OA decreased the strength significantly, LA decreased it to a lesser extent and SA increased it definitely according to the common cement. But MA did not alter the strength of the cement as much as SA. In addition, the covering of the balls influences the grinding of cement clinker unfavourably.     

煤粉流动性对GSP气化炉气力输送的影响研究

针对GSP气化装置煤粉气力输送在试车阶段出现的煤粉锁斗下料不畅、发料罐输送性能不佳等问题,从原料煤性质和工业装置的改进方面出发,通过煤粉的流动性参数的测量与研究,分析出现上述工程问题可能的内在原因,并提出工业装置改进方法,为保证GSP煤粉气力输送工业装置的正常运行提供解决办法。     

关于建立火炸药安全数据库的探讨

由反映火炸药及其制品的危险性能和用于对它们的生产、储运系统进行安全评价数学模型出发,探讨了如何建立一个全面、实用的火炸药安全评估数据库。通过对此数据库内容、数据表示方法、数据搜索方法以及建立步骤的讨论,明确了该数据库的使用对象和主要功能。     

The effect of the length of the oxyethylene chain on the conductivity of the polyurethaneurea electrolyte

Polyurethaneureas (PUU), which were synthesized from 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and 3,5-diaminobanzoic acid (DABA), were used as polyelectrolytes in this study. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to monitor the effect of the various kinds of PEG on the changes in morphology of PUU electrolytes corresponding to the concentration of lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) dopants. The results of DSC and FT-IR indicate the Li⁺ ions coordinate with the soft and hard segments. Additionally, the crystallinity of the PEG soft segment and the ordered hydrogen-bonded urea carbonyl groups decreased with increasing salt concentration. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) measurements show that the PUU electrolyte with the high phase separation degree has the high ionic conductivity. The hard-segment T_g and the soft-segment T_m influence the conductivity behavior of polyelectrolytes with increasing measurement temperature.     

转子挤压组合凹模的应力分析

组合凹模的应力分析是一个非常复杂的问题，对其进行精确分析是解决模具寿命的关键。本文采用有限元分析软件Ansys对转子的组合凹模进行了分析，为转子组合凹模的优化设计提供了依据。     

Effect of the drafting force on the strength of the bottom of the spinneret

In spinning basalt fibres, the drafting force is in the same range as in spinning of glass fibres. The effect of the drafting force can not be considered in the calculation for the strength and rigidity of the bottom of the spinneret. __________ Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 47–50, September–October, 2007.