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1.
Isothermal and cyclic oxidation resistance at 1000°C in air were investigated for a cast Cr-containing Ni3Al-base alloy and its sputtered nanocrystalline coating. The results indicated that both the cast Ni3Al alloy and its sputtered coating exhibit excellent isothermal oxidation resistance as a result of the formation of Al2O3 scales. However, the cast alloy possesses very poor cyclic oxidation resistance because of the spallation of the initially formed Al2O3 scale during cooling and subsequent formation of NiO. On the contrary, the sputtered Ni3(AlCr) nanocrystalline coating exhibits very good cyclic oxidation resistance due to the significant improvement of the adhesion of Al2O3.  相似文献   

2.
Geng  S.  Wang  F.  Zhu  S.  Wu  W. 《Oxidation of Metals》2002,57(5-6):549-557
The hot-corrosion behavior of a nanocrystalline coating of K38G alloy, prepared by magnetron sputtering and cast K38G in molten 75 wt.% Na2SO4+25 wt.% K2SO4 at 900°C was studied. The coating eliminated internal sulfidation during the early stage of corrosion as a result of the formation of a continuous and compact Al2O3 scale. The nanocrystallization of K38G alloy prolonged the incubation of breakaway corrosion and improved the corrosion resistance of K38G. The relevant corrosion mechanism is discussed.  相似文献   

3.
Geng  Shujiang  Wang  Fuhui  Zhu  Shenglong 《Oxidation of Metals》2002,57(3-4):231-243
A sputtered nanocrystalline coating of IN 738 alloy was obtained by means of magnetron sputtering. The isothermal oxidation behavior at 800, 900, and 1000°C and the cyclic oxidation behavior at 950°C of the coating were studied in comparison with IN 738 cast alloy. The results indicated that a double external oxide scale was formed on the nanocrystalline coating at 900, 950, and 1000°C without internal oxide and nitride. The scale consisted in an outer mixture of Cr2O3, TiO2, and NiCr2O4 and an inner, continuous Al2O3 layer, which offered good adhesive and protectiveness. However, at 800°C a continuous Al2O3 scale could not be formed during oxidation of nanocrystalline coating and aluminum was still oxidized internally.  相似文献   

4.
High-temperature oxidation resistance of sputtered micro-grain superalloy K38G   总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24  
The oxidation of sputtered and cast superalloy K38G specimens was studied. The sputtered alloy was microcrystalline, with an average grain size <0.1 m. The mass gains of the sputtered alloy were much less than those of the cast alloy at 800, 900, and 1000°C up to 500 hr, and were even less than those of pack aluminide on the cast alloy. K38G is a chromia-forming cast nickel-base superalloy, so the oxide scale formed on it is composed of Cr2O3, TiO2, Al2O3, and a spinel. The oxide scale formed on the sputtered alloy was Al2O3. This scale is thin, compact, and adherent. This result implied that micro crystallization reduced the critical aluminum content necessary to form alumina on the surface of this superalloy. No oxide spoliation, as typically observed for cast of aluminized alloys, occurred on the sputtered superalloy. The reduction of the critical aluminum content for the formation of alumina and the improvement of the spoliation resistance may be attributed to the microcrystalline structure formed during sputtering. The numerous grain boundaries favor outward aluminum grain-boundary diffusion, provide increased nucleation sites, and reduced stresses in the oxide scales.  相似文献   

5.
Wang  Fuhui  Geng  Shujiang  Zhu  Shenglong 《Oxidation of Metals》2002,58(1-2):185-195
A nanocrystalline coating of K38G alloy was obtained by means of magnetron sputtering. The corrosion behavior of cast K38G alloy and its sputtered nanocrystalline coating with a solid NaCl deposit in dry air or wet oxygen at 600 and 700°C have been studied and compared. The results indicated that the mass gain of the coating is higher than that of the cast alloy at 600 and 700°C. Therefore, nanocrystallization reduced the corrosion resistance at these temperatures. Furthermore, the mass gains of the coating and the cast alloy with a NaCl deposit in wet oxygen were less than that with a NaCl deposit in dry air. The relevant corrosion mechanisms are discussed.  相似文献   

6.
The oxidation behavior of a cast TiAl intermetallic compound and its sputtered microcrystalline film was investigated at 700–900°C in static air. At 700°C, both the cast alloy and its sputtered microcrystalline film exhibited excellent oxidation resistance. No scale spallation was observed. However, at 800–900°C, the oxidation kinetics for the cast TiAl alloy followed approximately a linear rate law, which indicates that it has poor oxidation resistance over this temperature range. The poor oxidation resistance of TiAl was due to the formation of an Al2O3+TiO2 scale which spalled extensively during cooling. Nevertheless, the sputtered, TiAl-microcrystalline film exhibited very good oxidation resistance. The oxidation kinetics followed approximately the parabolic rate law at all temperatures. Although the composition of the scales was the same as that of scales formed on the cast alloy, the scales formed on the sputtered microcrystalline-TiAl film are adherent strongly to the substrate. No scale spallation was found at 700–850°C, while a small amount of spallation was observed only at 900°C. This indicates that microcrystallization can improve the oxidation resistance of the TiAl alloy.  相似文献   

7.
A Cr0.50Al0.50N coating has been prepared by a reactive-magnetron-sputtering method on alloy K38G. The coating possesses mainly the B1 type with a small amount of B4-type crystal structure phase. Isothermal oxidation tests were performed at 900–1,100 °C for 20 h by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in air. The results reveal that the coated samples have much lower mass gain than that of the bare alloy. The parabolic rate constants of the coated samples decrease by 2 orders of magnitude compared with the bare alloy at 1,000 and 1,100 °C. During the oxidation of the coated samples below 1,000 °C, the main oxide is Cr2O3, but above 1,000 °C, the scale changes to α-Al2O3. The observed oxidation behaviors demonstrate that the Cr0.50Al0.50N coating can provide good protection against corrosion over a wide temperature range.  相似文献   

8.
The sputtered nanocrystalline coating of K38G alloy was obtained by magnetron sput-tering. The hot corrosion behaviors of cast K38G alloy and its sputtered nanocrys-talline coating by pre-deposited 75wt%Na2SO4 25wt%K2SO4 at 900℃ were studied. The results indicated the occurrence of internal sulfidation in the cast K38G alloy with pre-deposited sulfattes of 0.8 and 3.0mg/cm2. However, the internal sulfidation was not observed in the coating with pre-deposited 0.8mg/cm2 sulfate. The hot corrosion resistance of K38G alloy was clearly enhanced through nanocrystallinzation, although the internal sulfides were still formed for the coating with sulfate deposit of 3mg/cm2. The relevant hot corrosion mechanism was also discussed.  相似文献   

9.
Rizzo  F. C.  Zeng  Chaoliu  Wu  Weitao 《Oxidation of Metals》1998,50(1-2):71-88
A single sputtered NiCrAlY coating and a complexcoating of inner ion-plated TiN and outer sputteredNiCrAlY were prepared on the intermetallic compoundTi3Al-Nb. Their oxidation behavior wasexamined at 850, 900, and 950°C in air by thermalgravimetry combined with XRD, SEM, and EDAX. The resultsshowed that Ti3Al-Nb followed approximatelyparabolic oxi dation, forming an outer thinAl2O3-rich scale and an inner TiO2-rich layer doped withNb at the three temperatures. The TiO2-richlayer doped with Nb dominated the oxidation reaction.The single NiCrAlY coating did not follow parabolicoxidation exactly at 850 and 950°C, but oxidizedapproximately in a parabolic manner, because theinstantaneous parabolic constants changed slightly withtime. Besides the Al2O3 scale,TiO2 formed from the coating surface at the coating-substrate interface. Thedeterioration of the coating accelerated with increasingtemperature. The NiCrAlY-TiN coating showed two-stageparabolic oxidation at 850 and 900°C, and anapproximate parabolic oxidation at 950°C. The TiN layerwas effective as a barrier to inhibit coating-alloyinterdiffusion.  相似文献   

10.
1 Introduction There was considerable interest in the use of γ-TiAl alloys within advanced gas turbines where they offered greater high temperature capability over conventional titanium at reduced mass. These factors would enable engines with greater th…  相似文献   

11.
The oxidation behaviour of an intermetallic alloy, Ti-46.7Al-1.9W-0.5Si, was studied in air and Ar-20%O2 atmospheres at 750, 850 and 950 °C. Oxidation of the alloy followed a parabolic rate law at low temperature (750 °C) in both environments. The alloy oxidised parabolically in air and at a slower rate in Ar-20%O2 at 850 °C. Following a parabolic oxidation for a relatively short exposure period (72 h) at 950 °C, the oxidation rate was reduced after prolonged exposure (up to 240 h) in air. The alloy oxidised in a slower manner in the Ar-20%O2 atmosphere at 950 °C. Higher oxidation rates were observed in air than in Ar-20%O2 at all three experimental temperatures. Multi-layered scales developed in both environments. The scale formed in air consisted of TiO2/Al2O3/TiO2/TiN/TiAl2 layers, ranging from the surface to the substrate—whilst the scale developed in the Ar-20%O2 atmosphere comprised of the sequence TiO2/Al2O3/TiO2/Al2O3/Ti3Al/substrate. The two layers of Al2O3 in Ar-20%O2 were more effective in providing protection of the substrate against high temperature corrosion than the single layer of Al2O3 formed in air.  相似文献   

12.
The TiAl3-Al composite coating on orthorhombic Ti2AlNb based alloy was prepared by cold spray. Oxidation in air at 950 °C indicated that the bare alloy exhibited poor oxidation resistance due to the formation of TiO2/AlNbO4 mixture and intended to scale off at the TiO2 rich zone. A nitride layer about 2 µm was formed under the oxide layer. The oxygen invaded deeply into the alloy and caused severe microhardness enhancement in the near surface region. The TiAl3-Al composite coating exhibited parabolic oxidation kinetics and showed no sign of degradation after oxidized up to 1098 h at 950 °C in air under quasi-isothermal condition. No scaling of the coating was observed after oxidized at 950 °C up to the tested 150 cycles. The major oxide in the oxidized coating was Al2O3. The AlTi2N, TiAl and small amount of TiO2 were also observed in the oxidized coating. The EPMA and microhardness tests showed that inward oxygen diffusion was prevented by the interlayer, which was formed between the composite coating and the substrate during heat-treatment. Microstructure analyses demonstrated that the interlayer play a major role in protecting the substrate alloy from high temperature oxidation and interstitial embrittlement.  相似文献   

13.
Chen  Guofeng  Lou  Hanyi 《Oxidation of Metals》2000,54(1-2):155-162
Magnetron-sputter deposition was used to produce a Ni–8Cr–3.5Al(wt.%) nanocrystalline coating on substrates of the same alloy. Theoxidation behavior of the cast Ni–8Cr–3.5Al alloy and itssputtered coating were investigated at 1000°C in air. Complex,layered-oxide scales composed of Cr2O3 outer layer,mixed spinel NiAl2O4 and NiCr2O4middle layer, and -Al2O3 inner layer were formedon the Ni–8Cr–3.5Al nanocrystalline coating during 200-hroxidation, whereas Cr2O3, with some NiCr2O4external layer with internal Al2O3, formed on the castalloy. Because of the formation of this -Al2O3inner layer on the coating, the sputtered Ni–8Cr–3.5Al coatingshowed better oxidation resistance than the cast alloy. The effect ofnanocrystallization on oxide formation is discussed. It was indicated thatthe formation of this -Al2O3 inner layer was closely related to therapid diffusion of Al through grain boundaries in the nanocrystallinecoating and the relatively high Cr content in Ni–8Cr–3.5Al.  相似文献   

14.
A sputtered coating of a low-Cr alloy without Si was deposited on the cast alloy with the same composition. The short term (100 h) oxidation behavior of the sputtered coating and the cast alloy was evaluated in air at 800 °C. The results indicated that the sputtered coating exhibited a higher oxidation resistance than the cast alloy. It was found that the mass gain of the cast alloy increased continuously with oxidation time and was higher than that of the sputtered coating, which demonstrated only a slight increase in mass gain with oxidation time after 5 h thermal exposure. During the initial thermal exposure of 0.5 h, the oxide scale formed on the cast alloy consisted of Fe2O3 and (Fe,Co,Cr)3O4 spinel with a small amount of Cr. However, (Fe,Co,Cr)3O4 spinel and Fe2O3 were thermally grown on the sputtered coating. After oxidation for 100 h, the oxide scale formed on the cast alloy consisted of Co3O4 and (Fe,Co)3O4 with internal oxide of Cr, while a double-layer oxide consisting of an outer (Fe,Co,Cr)3O4 spinel layer and an inner Cr2O3 layer was developed on the sputtered coating.  相似文献   

15.
The corrosion behavior of five Fe-Al binary alloys containing up to 40 at. % Al was studied over the temperature range of 700–900°C in a H2/H2S/H2O mixture with varying sulfur partial pressures of 10–7–10–5 atm. and oxygen partial pressures of 10–24–10–2° atm. The corrosion kinetics followed the parabolic rate law in all cases, regardless of temperature and alloy composition. The parabolic rate constants decreased with increasing Al content. The scales formed on Fe-5 and –10 at.% Al were duplex, consisting of an outer layer of iron sulfide (FeS or Fe1–xS) and an inner complex scale of FeAl2S4 and FeS. Alloys having intermediate Al contents (Fe-18 and –28 at.% Al) formed scales that consisted of mostly iron sulfide and Al2O3 as well as minor a amount of FeAl2S4. The amount of Al2O3 increased with increasing Al content. The Fe 40 at.% Al formed only Al2O3 at 700°C, while most Al2O3 and some FeS were detected at T800°C. The formation of Al2O3 was responsible for the reduction of the corrosion rates.  相似文献   

16.
The high temperature corrosion behavior of sputtered Ni-based superalloy K38 nanocrystalline coatings with and without yttrium addition in molten sulfate (75 wt.% Na2SO4 + 25 wt.% K2SO4) was investigated at 900 °C in air. The results indicated that nanocrystallization significantly increased the corrosion resistance through the rapid formation of a protective oxide scale. The addition of yttrium in the nanocrystalline coating furthermore improved the corrosion resistance of the coating.  相似文献   

17.
The effect of a sputtered TiAlCr coating on the oxidation resistance of TiAl intermetallic compound was investigated in static air. The bare TiAl alloy exhibited poor isothermal and cyclic-oxidation resistance at 800–1000°C due to the formation of TiO2-base scales which tend to spall during cooling. A sputtered Ti-50Al-10Cr coating remarkably improved the oxidation resistance of TiAl, due to the formation of an adherent Al2O3 scale at 800–1000°C. After long-term oxidation (at 900°C for 1000 hr), TiAlCr coating still provided excellent protection for the TiAl alloy. Minor interdiffusion occurred due to the inward diffusion of Cr, while no Kirkendall voids were found at the coating/ substrate interface. In contrast, NiCrAlY and CoCrAlY coatings reacted extensively with the TiAl alloys. Moreover, the TiAlCr coating alloy is based on -TiAl and TiAlCr Laves phases, which may offer improved mechanical properties. The TiAlCr coating exhibited a better combination of oxidation resistance and substrate compatibility than conventional aluminide and MCrAlY coatings.  相似文献   

18.
Novel YSZ (6 wt.% yttria partially stabilized zirconia)-(Al2O3/YAG) (alumina-yttrium aluminum garnet, Y3Al5O12) double-layer ceramic coatings were fabricated using the composite sol-gel and pressure filtration microwave sintering (PFMS) technologies. The thin Al2O3/YAG layer had good adherence with substrate and thick YSZ top layer, which presented the structure of micro-sized YAG particles embedded in nano-sized α-Al2O3 film. Cyclic oxidation tests at 1000 °C indicated that they possessed superior properties to resist oxidation of alloy and improve the spallation resistance. The thermal insulation capability tests at 1000 °C and 1100 °C indicate that the 250 μm coating had better thermal barrier effect than that of the 150 μm coating at different cooling gas rates. These beneficial effects should be mainly attributed to that, the oxidation rate of thermal grown oxides (TGO) scale is decreased by the “sealing effect” of α-Al2O3, the “reactive element effect”, and the reduced thermal stresses by means of nano/micro composite structure. This double-layer coating can be considered as a promising TBC.  相似文献   

19.
Electrophoretic deposition (EPD), a versatile and cost-effective process, was employed to prepare Al2O3-Y2O3 composite coatings on a γ-TiAl based alloy. SEM observations showed that the composite coatings were compact and consisted of uniform nano-particles. Cyclic oxidation at 1000 °C indicated that the γ-TiAl alloy exhibited a cyclic spallation-oxidation behavior under cyclic oxidation while the Al2O3-Y2O3 composite coatings improved the oxidation and scale spallation resistance of γ-TiAl alloy significantly due to the suppression of outward diffusion of Ti in the γ-TiAl substrate and the promotion of selective oxidation of Al in the γ-TiAl alloy induced by the composite coating.  相似文献   

20.
Chen  R. Y.  Young  D. J.  Blairs  S. 《Oxidation of Metals》2000,54(1-2):103-120
The corrosion behavior of Fe–22Mo–10Al (a/o, atom %),Fe–20.5Mo–15.7Al, and Fe–10Mo–19Al was examined inflowing H2/H2S gases of 4 Pa sulfur partial pressureat 900°C. Al2O3 was stable on all the alloys inthe atmospheres investigated. Fe–22Mo–10Al andFe–20.5Mo–15.7Al reacted slowly, following the parabolic ratelaw. Multilayered reaction products were formed on these alloys and it isuncertain which layer(s) provided the protection. Fe–10Mo–19Alreacted even more slowly, exhibiting two-stage parabolic kinetics. Duringthe early stage of this alloy's reaction, a preferential reaction zone,consisting of an oxide mixture, possibly Al2O3+FeAl2O4,and nonreacting Fe3Mo2, provided the protection. Duringthe later reaction stage, the formation of a continuous, externalAl2O3 layer further decreased the alloy reaction rate.  相似文献   

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