TiSiW_(12)O_(40)/TiO_2催化合成葡萄糖酯的研究

以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12 O4 0 /TiO2 为多相催化剂 ,对以乙酸酐、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸和葡萄糖为原料合成葡萄糖酯的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明 :TiSiW12 O4 0 /TiO2 是合成葡萄糖酯的良好催化剂 ,最佳反应条件为 :n(糖 )∶n(酸 ) =1∶6 ,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的 2 0 % ,反应时间为 2h。上述条件下 ,葡萄糖五乙酸酯的产率为 88 7% ,葡萄糖五丙酸酯的产率为 84 5 % ,葡萄糖五丁酸酯的产率为 85 4% ,葡萄糖五异丁酸酯的产率为 86 4%。     

TiSiW12 O40/Ti2催化合成葡萄糖五丁酸酯

报道了新型催化剂TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化酯化合成葡萄糖五丁酸酯的糖酸比、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度诸因素对产率的影响.实验表明TiSiW12O40/TiO2是合成葡萄糖五丁酸酯的良好催化剂.最佳反应条件为糖酸摩尔比16,催化剂的用量为反应物料总量的2.0%,酯化反应时间为2.0h,反应温度90～95℃,反应产率可达85.4%.     

TiGeW12O40/TiO2催化剂微乳化合成葡萄糖酯

以固载杂多酸 TiGeW12 O40/TiO2 为多相催化剂,对以葡萄糖、硬脂酸、1,2-丙二醇、十二烷基硫酸钠等为原料合成葡萄糖酯的微乳化反应条件进行了研究。实验表明,TiGeW12O40/TiO2 是合成葡萄糖酯的良好催化剂,优化反应条件是:n(糖)∶n(酸)=1∶1.2 ,催化剂用量为反应物总量的2%,反应时间为1.5 h,葡萄糖硬脂酸酯的收率是92.4%。     

TiSiW12O40/TiO2微波催化合成丁酮乙二醇缩酮

以TiSiW12O40/TiO2为固相催化剂,通过微波催化丁酮和乙二醇反应快速合成丁酮乙二醇缩酮,较系统地研究了酮醇物质的量比,催化剂TiSiW12O40/TiO2的用量,反应功率和反应时间等诸因素对产品产率的影响。实验表明:TiSiW12O40/TiO2是合成丁酮乙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在环己烷为带水剂n(酮)∶n(醇)=1∶1.25,催化剂的用量为反应物总质量的0.5%,反应功率为480 W,反应时间为35 min的优化条件下,丁酮乙二醇缩酮的收率可达87.16%。     

用环境友好催化剂合成肉桂酸异戊酯的研究

本文报道了以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12 O40 /TiO2 为环境友好催化剂 ,对以肉桂酸和异戊醇为原料合成肉桂酸异戊酯的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明 :TiSiW12 O40 /TiO2 是合成肉桂酸异戊酯的良好催化剂 ,最佳反应条件为 :n(醇 )∶n(酸 ) =4∶1,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的 2 .0 % ,反应时间 1.5h ,反应温度 10 6 - 114℃。上述条件下 ,肉桂酸异戊酯的收率可达 70 .6 %。     

TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化合成氯乙酸乙酯

介绍了固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化剂的制备方法.首次以TiSiW12O40/TiO2为多相催化剂,通过氯乙酸和乙醇反应合成了氯乙酸乙酯,并探讨了反应因素对产率的影响.实验表明TiSiW12O40/TiO2具有良好的催化活性,醇酸物质的量比为1.41,催化剂用量为反应物料总量的2.0%,反应时间为2.0h,反应温度为89～96℃,产率可达49.84%.     

TiSiW_(12)O_(40)/TiO_2催化合成丙酸异丁酯

以TiSiW12O40/TiO2为催化剂,对以丙酸和异丁醇为原料合成丙酸异丁酯的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明:TiSiW12O40/TiO2是合成丙酸异丁酯的良好催化剂,适宜的反应条件为:醇∶酸(摩尔比)=1.2∶1,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的2.0%,反应时间1.0h,反应温度106～125℃。上述条件下,丙酸异丁酯的收率可达79.1%。     

TiSi W_(12)O_(40)/TiO_2催化合成乙酸正丙酯

首次报道了以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12 O40 /TiO2 为多相催化剂 ,通过乙酸和正丙醇反应合成了乙酸正丙酯 ,并探讨了诸因素对产率的影响。实验表明 :TiSiW12 O40 /TiO2 具有良好的催化活性 ,醇酸物质的量比为1 60∶1,催化剂用量为反应物料总量的 1 0 % ,反应时间 1 5h ,反应温度 90℃～ 92℃时 ,产率可达 94 5 8%。     

TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化合成苯甲酸异戊酯

首次报道了以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40/TiO2为多相催化剂,对以苯甲酸和异戊醇为原料合成苯甲酸异戊酯的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明：TiSiW12O40/TiO2是合成苯甲酸异戊酯的良好催化剂,最佳反应条件为：醇酸摩尔比为4:1,催化剂用量为反应物料总量的2.5%,反应时间2.5h。上述条件下,苯甲酸异戊酯的产率可达83.3% 。     

TiSiW12O40／TiO2催化合成丁酸酯的研究

本文报道了以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12 O4 0 /TiO2 为多相催化剂 ,对以乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇和正丁酸为原料合成丁酸系列酯的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明 :TiSiW12 O4 0 /TiO2 是合成丁酸系列酯的良好催化剂 ,最佳反应条件为 :醇酸摩尔比为 1 .2 -1 .3∶1 ,催化剂用量为反应物料总量的 1 .5 -2 .0 % ,反应时间为 1 .0 -2 .0h。上述条件下 ,丁酸乙酯的产率为 75 .6% ,丁酸丙酯的产率为 81 .3 % ,丁酸丁酯的产率为 84 .8% ,丁酸戊酯的产率为 85 .1 % ,丁酸异戊酯的产率为 83 .1 %。     

Photocatalytic activity of Cu2O/TiO2, Bi2O3/TiO2 and ZnMn2O4/TiO2 heterojunctions

Cu₂O/TiO₂, Bi₂O₃/TiO₂ and ZnMn₂O₄/TiO₂ heterojunctions were studied for potential applications in water decontamination technology and their capacity to induce an oxidation process under VIS light. UV–vis spectroscopy analysis showed that the junctions-based Cu₂O, Bi₂O₃ and ZnMn₂O₄ are able to absorb a large part of visible light (respectively, up to 650, 460 and 1000 nm). This fact was confirmed in the case of Cu₂O/TiO₂ and Bi₂O₃/TiO₂ by photocatalytic experiments performed under visible light. A part of the charge recombination that can take place when both semiconductors are excited was observed when a photocatalytic experiment was performed under UV–vis illumination. Orange II, 4-hydroxybenzoic and benzamide were used as pollutants in the experiment. Photoactivity of the junctions was found to be strongly dependent on the substrate. The different phenomena that were observed in each case are discussed.     

K_2SO_4对V_2O_5/TiO_2脱硝催化剂表面形态的影响

采用XRD和XPS对新鲜的和K2SO4掺杂的V2O5/TiO2脱硝催化剂的表面形态进行了分析。结果表明,K2SO4的掺杂未对V与Ti之间的相互作用造成显著的影响,但是引起催化剂表面V和Ti的浓度降低,V5+在催化剂表面消失。K与钒氧物种上的晶格氧发生了强烈的相互作用。     

Al_2(SO_4)_3/FeCl_3催化合成乙酸异戊酯

以冰乙酸和异戊醇为原料,Al_2(SO_4)_3/FeCl_3为催化剂,对催化合成乙酸异戊酯的条件进行研究。考察催化剂用量、乙酸与异戊醇物质的量比以及反应时间对乙酸酯化率的影响。结果表明,Al_2(SO_4)_3/FeCl_3具有良好的催化活性,在乙酸物质的量为0.1 mol、乙酸与异戊醇物质的量比为1∶4、催化剂用量1.0 g、反应时间2.0 h和带水剂环己烷用量10 m L反应条件下,重复实验3次,平均乙酸酯化率为93.50%。     

Properties of char particles obtained under O2/N2 and O2/CO2 combustion environments

Pulverized coal combustion in O₂/N₂ and O₂/CO₂ environments was investigated with a drop tube furnace. Results present that the reaction rate and burn-out degree of O₂/CO₂ chars (obtained in O₂/CO₂ environments) are lower than that of O₂/N₂ chars (obtained in O₂/N₂ environments) under the same experimental condition. It indicates that a higher O₂ concentration in O₂/CO₂ environment is needed to achieve the similar combustion characteristic to that in O₂/N₂ environment. The main differences between O₂/N₂ and O₂/CO₂ chars rely on the pore structure determined by N₂ adsorption and chemical structure measured by FT-IR. For O₂/CO₂ char, the surface is thick and the pores are compact which contribute to the fragmentation reduction of particles burning in O₂/CO₂ environment. The organic functional group elimination rate from the surface of O₂/CO₂ chars is slower or delayed. The present research results might have important implications for further understanding the intrinsic kinetics of pulverized coal combustion in O₂/CO₂ environment.     

Solid state metathesis synthesis of BaTiO3, PbTiO3, K0.5Bi0.5TiO3 and Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3

A solid state metathesis approach has been applied to synthesize perovskite oxides such as BaTiO₃, PbTiO₃, K_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ and Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃, these were characterized by powder XRD, IR and energy dispersive spectra (EDS). Potassium titanium oxalate and metal chlorides are used as the starting materials. X-ray analysis shows the formation of a single phase with tetragonal structure for BaTiO₃, PbTiO₃, K_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ and a monoclinic structure for Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃. The Infrared spectra of these compounds show the characteristic band due to Ti–O octahedron for all the compounds. The EDS spectra show the relative ratio of the metal ions. The morphology of synthesized compounds was obtained from SEM measurements.     

V2O5-WO3-MoO3/TiO2催化剂用于NH3选择性还原减排NOx的性能（英文）

The V2O5-WO3-MoO3/TiO2 honeycomb catalyst was prepared with industrial grade chemicals. The structural and physico-chemical properties were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and mercury porosimetry. The NOx conversion and durability were investigated on a pilot plant test set under the actual operational conditions of a coal fired boiler. The catalyst monolith had good formability with mass percentage of V:W:Mo:TiO2 :fiber glass= 1:4.5:4.5:72:18. Vanadium, tungsten and molybdenum species were highly dispersed on anatase TiO2 without causing the transformation of anatase TiO2 to rutile by calcining under a current of air at 450℃ for 4.5 h, but there were some degrees of crystal distortion. The catalyst particle sizes were almost uniform with close pile-up and the pore structure was regular with complete macro-pore formation and large specific surface area. The NOx conversion was sensitive to temperature but nearly insensitive to NH3 . The catalyst showed strong adaptability to NOx concentration with activity above 80% in the range of 615-1640 mg·m-3 . Within the range of 720-8640 h continuous operation, the NOx conversion dropped at a rate of about 1% reduction per 600 h.     

ZrO2/SiO2- and La2O3/Al2O3-supported platinum catalysts for CH4/CO2 reforming

Surface-phase ZrO₂ on SiO₂ (SZrOs) and surface-phase La₂O₃ on Al₂O₃ (SLaOs) were prepared with various loadings of ZrO₂ and La₂O₃, characterized and used as supports for preparing Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts. CH₄/CO₂ reforming over the Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts was examined and compared with Pt/Al₂O₃ and Pt/SiO₂ catalysts. CO₂ or CH₄ pulse reaction/adsorption analysis was employed to elucidate the effects of these surface-phase oxides.

The zirconia can be homogeneously dispersed on SiO₂ to form a stable surface-phase oxide. The lanthana cannot be spread well on Al₂O₃, but it forms a stable amorphous oxide with Al₂O₃. The Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts showed higher steady activity than did Pt/SiO₂ and Pt/Al₂O₃ by a factor of three to four. The Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts were also much more stable than the Pt/SiO₂ and Pt/Al₂O₃ catalysts for long stream time and for reforming temperatures above 700 °C. These findings were attributed to the activation of CO₂ adsorbed on the basic sites of SZrOs and SLaOs.     

Improvement of coke resistance of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst in CH4/CO2 reforming by ZrO2 addition

This work investigates the improvement of Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst stability by ZrO₂ addition for H₂ gas production from CH₄/CO₂ reforming reactions. The initial effect of Ni addition was followed by the effect of increasing operating temperature to 500–700 °C as well as the effect of ZrO₂ loading and the promoted catalyst preparation methods by using a feed gas mixture at a CH₄:CO₂ ratio of 1:1.25. The experimental results showed that a high reaction temperature of 700 °C was favored by an endothermic dry reforming reaction. In this reaction the deactivation of Ni/Al₂O₃ was mainly due to coke deposition. This deactivation was evidently inhibited by ZrO₂, as it enhances dissociation of CO₂ forming oxygen intermediates near the contact between ZrO₂ and nickel where the deposited coke is gasified afterwards. The texture of the catalyst or BET surface area was affected by the catalyst preparation method. The change of the catalyst texture resulted from the formation of ZrO₂–Al₂O₃ composite and the plugging of Al₂O₃ pore by ZrO₂. The 15% Ni/10% ZrO₂/Al₂O₃ co-impregnated catalyst showed a higher BET surface area and catalytic activity than the sequentially impregnated catalyst whereas coke inhibition capability of the promoted catalysts prepared by either method was comparable. Further study on long-term catalyst stability should be made.     

稀土固体超强酸SO2-4/TiO2/La3+催化合成醋酸丁酯

研究了以固体超强酸SO24-/TiO2/La3+催化剂,醋酸和正丁醇为原料合成醋酸丁酯,并考察了影响反应的因素.结果表明醇酸物质的摩尔比为1.61、催化剂用量0.6 g、带水剂甲苯7 mL、反应时间2.5 h是最适宜的反应条件,其酯化率可达96.2%.