模糊互补矩阵的加性一致性阈值仿真

由于事物的不确定性、信息获取的限制、甚至专家知识的局限性,决策者在决策过程中很难用精确数来表示其偏好,而喜欢用模糊语言来表示。当决策者给出的模糊互补判断矩阵不满足加性一致性,加性一致性指标阈值的确定是一个值得研究的问题。一般来说,决策者给出的模糊互补矩阵具满意一致性,且加性一致性模糊互补矩阵一定是满意一致性模糊互补矩阵。MATLAB中计算机仿真方法构造了大量的满意一致模糊互补判断矩阵,通过计算其加性一致性指标值及其概率分布,获取模糊互补矩阵的加性一致性指标的逼近阈值（0.2）。如果模糊互补判断矩阵的加性一致性指标值小于等于0.2,则矩阵是可接受的;否则需要修订。     

舰用柴油机测试性指标分配方法研究

针对传统层次分析法存在的评分语言的不确定性、判断矩阵一致性验证困难和测试性分配差距大等问题,文中提出一种改进的模糊层次分析法对舰用柴油机测试性指标进行分配;采用三角模糊数互补矩阵对专家评分中存在的不确定语言形式进行量化处理,应用改进层次分析法建立一致性判断矩阵,最后采用迭代分配法对舰用柴油机的测试性指标进行分配;该方法稳定、合理、准确,不需要人为进行调整验证,为下一步的测试性建模设计分析奠定了基础。     

模糊互补判断矩阵一致性检验和改进方法研究

针对模糊互补判断矩阵的一致性修正问题,指出了模糊互补判断矩阵一致性修正方法的不足,从模糊一致矩阵传统定义出发,讨论了检验模糊判断矩阵是否满足完全一致性的方法,推导出模糊一致性指标,并给出了模糊判断矩阵一致性改进的方法,从理论上分析了该算法的可行性,这种算法不仅简便实用,而且为专家对原始判断信息进行针对性修正提供了参考依据.     

模糊互补判断矩阵一致性检验和改进方法研究

针对模糊互补判断矩阵的一致性修正问题,指出了模糊互补判断矩阵一致性修正方法的不足.从模糊一致矩阵传统定义出发,讨论了检验模糊判断矩阵是否满足完全一致性的方法,推导出模糊一致性指标,并给出了模糊判断矩阵一致性改进的方法.从理论上分析了该算法的可行性.这种算法不仅简便实用,而且为专家对原始判断信息进行针对性修正提供了参考依据.

     

直觉模糊层次分析法下投行股票估值模型选择

基于直觉模糊集的模糊逼近理论,给出了将直觉模糊互补判断矩阵转换为模糊逼近矩阵的方法,提出了直觉模糊环境下的AHP方法(简记作IFAHP),并将其应用于投行股票估值模型选择问题,得到了股票估值模型中指标的优劣排序的权重值,是一种实用性较强的股票估值模型评价方法。     

三角模糊数互补判断矩阵的一致性及其排序研究

研究三角模糊数互补判断矩阵的性质和排序问题．建立了三角模糊数互反判断矩阵与互补判断矩阵之间的相互转化关系,给出了三角模糊数互补判断矩阵完全一致性、严格强传递性以及弱传递性的概念,并研究了它们之间的关系,论证了完全一致性等定义的合理性,构建了基于最小二乘的三角模糊数互补判断矩阵排序方法．算例分析表明,该方法是可行而有效的。     

模糊层次分析法在教学质量评价中的应用研究

研究教学质量评价问题,由于评价涉及的评价指标多为定性指标,难以进行准确地量化,传统定性评价和单因素评价法带有相当片面的主观性,评价的结果不精确。为了提高评价的精度,应用模糊层次分析法进行教师教学质量评价,首先从教学效果、教学内容、教学方法和教学态度四个方面构建评价指标体系,然后充分考虑多位专家经验,应用层次分析法计算出各参评指标的权重,最后利用模糊数学挖掘出教学质量等级与参评指标之间的规则知识,并建立了教学质量评价一致性判断矩阵。仿真实例表明,模糊层次分析法可以对教师的教学质量进行准确的评价,较单因素评价法准确性更高,从而证明了此方法的有效性和可行性。     

残缺区间型矩阵的残缺元计算及其排序新方法

研究了残缺区间数互补判断矩阵的残缺元计算和排序方法问题。通过引入随机残缺互补判断矩阵的概念,定义了残缺区间数互补判断矩阵的一致性指标,并且在满意一致性下利用构建的最优化模型,计算出残缺区间数的具体数值,在基础上结合Q型聚类和灰色关联度给出了残缺区间数互补判断矩阵的排序新方法。通过算例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于模糊原理和蚁群算法的备件配置优化研究

根据装备维修备件实际特点,针对备件重要性评价不易、建立备件配置模型较难等问题,提出运用模糊原理和蚁群算法建立备件重要性评价模型和备件数量配置模型,对装备维修备件配置进行定量研究。通过计算三角模糊数优势度构造模糊判断互补矩阵,量化备件间重要性程度,并构造蚁群算法计算模型计算备件配置数,获取最优配置方案。研究表明,使用三角模糊数进行备件间重要性评价,可以改善判断柔性,蚁群算法计算模型配置结果符合实际,决策结果可为决策者提供技术支持,有利于提高装备维修保障力量配置效率,充分发挥备件资源的作用。     

一种带有属性偏好的模糊多属性决策方法

结合投资决策的特点给出了一种模糊多属性决策方法,其中属性偏好信息以若干个互补判断矩阵形式给出,属性值为梯形模糊数。该方法能充分挖掘判断矩阵的特征信息,给出了互补判断矩阵相似度和属性优势度的定义,从而确定专家权重和属性权重。基于梯形模糊数外接圆的圆心与原点之间所形成的矩形面积来对模糊数排序的方法对方案进行排序和择优。通过对服务行业的项目评估问题说明该方法是求解模糊多属性决策问题的一种有效的工具,并且操作简便、易于在计算机上实现。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。