直流磁场辅助铜-钢TIG焊接头组织和性能

采用直流磁场辅助TlG焊进行铜-钢异种材料对接试验,分析了直流磁场对TlG焊接头微观组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明:当磁场强度B=10 mT时,接头外观形貌良好且焊缝无气孔等缺陷.随着磁场强度的增大,接头的抗拉强度呈先上升后下降的趋势.当B=10 mT时,接头抗拉强度最高,达到194.6 MPa,相比无磁场时增加了25.79％,接头熔合区的显微维氏硬度提升了8.8％.接头由钢母材、钢侧热影响区、钢侧熔合区、焊缝区、铜侧热影响区和铜母材组成.其中熔合区组织由球状大颗粒(Ⅰ层)与带状小颗粒(Ⅱ层)的铜-钢固溶体组成.当B=10 mT时,Ⅰ层球状富铁相出现明显团聚现象且其中包含的铜颗粒增多,旋涡状的(α+ε)双相组织变多且旋度增加,铁基体由网状变为小条状;Ⅱ层富铁相消失且(α+ε)双相组织的厚度变薄.熔合区(α+ε)双相组织旋度增加与富铁相的团聚起到机械咬合和增强第二相强化的效果,这是接头强度与硬度提升的原因.     

铝/铜异种材料交变磁场辅助电弧熔钎焊接头组织和性能

添加纵向交变间歇磁场,采用ER5356铝镁焊丝作为填充金属,对T2紫铜板和2A16铝合金板进行熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG焊)对接试验,通过研究不同励磁电流IE和励磁频率f等磁场参数下的接头成形、界面组织结构和接头力学性能,得到接头的最佳工艺范围.结果表明:引入磁场实现了铝铜异种材料MIG熔钎焊接头的有效连接.铜侧钎缝连接界面层由金属间化合物(IMC)层和过渡层组成,其中IMC层为AlCu+Al2Cu化合物,过渡层组织为α-Al+S(Al2CuMg)/Al2Cu相.IMC层与过渡层犬牙交错,起到"机械咬合"的效果,提高接头强度.随着励磁电流的增加,IMC层平均厚度先减小后增大,抗拉强度先增大后减小;随着励磁频率的增加,抗拉强度逐渐减小.最佳工艺范围为:IE=0.5～0.7 A、f=15～25 Hz、IMC层平均厚度d=14.3～15.8μm,此时接头成形表现良好,抗拉强度较高.当IE=0.6 A,f=15 Hz,接头的抗拉强度最高达到135.47 MPa.此时界面层显微硬度为252.8HV,明显高于焊缝和母材,这可能是IMC层处呈脆硬性的AlCu和Al2Cu金属间化合物所致.     

Al-Mg合金电子束填丝焊接头的显微组织与力学性能

采用ER5183焊丝作为填充材料,对厚度为2 mm的Al-Mg合金进行真空电子束填丝焊接,并对焊接接头的微观组织及力学性能进行分析测试。结果表明,在合适的焊接工艺条件下,获得的Al-Mg合金接头焊缝成形良好。微观分析显示,接头熔合区为柱状晶和等轴状枝晶组织,主要由α(Al)基体相和β(Al₃Mg₂)强化相组成,焊缝中存在大量的缠结位错和第二相粒子。力学性能测试表明,与母材区的硬度相比,接头熔合区的硬度有所降低。在最佳工艺条件下获得接头的抗拉强度为311.2 MPa,达母材抗拉强度的96.9%。接头拉伸断口表面分布的韧窝数量较多,呈明显的韧性断裂特征。     

铜/钢爆炸焊接头界面组织及力学性能研究

为了揭示铜/钢爆炸焊接的结合机理,采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和纳米压痕仪等对T2纯铜/Q245钢爆炸焊接头结合界面组织和微力学性能进行了分析.结果表明:T2纯铜/Q245钢爆炸复合板结合界面呈现较规则的正弦波形,界面结合良好,界面处原子发生强烈扩散,形成了过饱和铜钢固溶体;界面不同区域固溶体微力学性能不同,纳米硬度在2.02~3.08 GPa,弹性模量在129.6~172.1 GPa;由界面弹性模量分布云图可知,固溶体层连续分布在界面上,由于界面原子扩散程度不同,部分区域的固溶体层厚度很薄,在光镜下很难识别,而在波峰处固溶体则比较明显.固溶体的弹性模量均比铜基体的大,其原子键合强度强于铜基体原子,在一定程度上增强了界面的结合强度,从而使界面的结合强度高于铜基体;爆炸焊接头的拉剪试验断裂位置均位于铜侧,也证实了界面结合强度高于铜基体的强度。     

7A52铝合金交流钨极氩弧焊焊接电流对焊接接头组织性能的影响

采用交流钨极氩弧焊对7A52铝合金板进行焊接,通过对不同焊接电流得到的焊接接头显微组织和显微硬度的分析,得出焊接电流对焊接接头组织性能的影响.试验结果表明,当焊接电流为140～160 A时,得到的焊缝组织较均匀,晶粒排列较紧密,焊接接头性能较好.     

固溶时效处理对AZ系镁合金TIG焊接头微观组织和显微硬度的影响

通过对AZ系镁合金钨极氩弧焊(TIG)焊接接头进行固溶时效处理,研究其显微组织和显微硬度的变化.结果表明,在时效初始阶段(0～10h),熔合区中Al和Zn元素扩散速度和β-Mg17(Al,Zn)12的体积分数增加较快,其显微硬度随之增加较快.随着时效时间的延长,熔合区中的βMg17(Al,Zn)12的析出逐渐达到饱和,...     

螺纹搅拌针直径对铝/钢填丝搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及性能的影响

目的 采用填丝搅拌摩擦焊方法 ,研究螺纹搅拌针直径对6061铝合金/304不锈钢搅拌摩擦焊接接头组织及性能的影响.方法 通过使用3种不同直径的螺纹搅拌头,观察不同结构搅拌头对焊缝成形及接头微观形貌的演变规律,并对其进行力学性能测试,研究搅拌头结构对接头性能强化的影响.结果 随着螺纹搅拌针直径由M4增加到M6,焊缝表面成...     

熔池形态对铝-铜激光焊接头组织和性能的影响

对T2紫铜板、2A16铝合金板进行激光熔化焊和熔钎焊试验,分析接头的力学性能,并研究其微观组织及界面形貌,阐述熔池形态对接头组织和性能的影响.结果表明:采用激光熔化焊时得到熔化焊熔池,当焊接线能量Q=1160 J/cm时,其界面层由Al4 Cu9+Al2 Cu化合物和(α-Al)+(θ-Al2 Cu)共晶组织组成,总厚度为60.9μm.采用激光熔钎焊时得到熔钎焊熔池,当Q=1466.67 J/cm时,接头抗拉强度为274.25 MPa,相比熔化焊接头提高了280.9％,其界面层由CuZn5和Al2 Cu化合物组成,总厚度为10.23μm.接头接触界面的互扩散系数(D熔化焊>D熔钎焊)和不同熔池形态下的环形对流共同影响了IMC层厚度,从而决定了接头的性能.     

焊丝成分对铝-铜异种金属熔钎焊接头钎焊界面组织与接头力学性能的影响

采用脉冲旁路耦合电弧MIG熔钎焊方法对1060纯铝和T2紫铜进行了对接焊,选用ER1100、ER5356、ER4043和ER4047四种焊丝为填充材料,研究了焊丝成分对焊接接头微观组织、金属间化合物层的厚度以及力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:4种焊丝的焊接接头均由铝侧熔合区、焊缝区和铜侧钎焊区组成,其中铜侧钎焊区又可细分为金属间化合物层区和Al-Cu共晶区两部分。焊丝中Si元素的加入可以起到阻碍铝铜原子互扩散、抑制铝铜金属间化合物生长、提高焊缝显微硬度以及抗拉强度等作用;而加入Mg元素,其效果不明显。     

铝/镀锌钢搅拌摩擦铆焊接头组织与力学性能

为实现铝钢之间的优质连接,采用搅拌摩擦铆焊新方法对6061铝合金和DP600镀锌钢进行搭接点焊,利用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪及拉伸试验对接头的微观组织及力学性能进行了研究.结果表明:接头成形平整美观,中心没有匙孔;接头包含铆接区和扩散区,其中在铆接区铝合金以铝柱的形式嵌入到钢板的圆孔中,形成了一个"铝铆钉",底部有富铝的α固溶体偏聚,圆孔四周形成扩散区,铝和钢形成了冶金结合,依靠金属间化合物Fe Al3连接在一起;接头有3种断裂形式,在最佳工艺参数下接头的抗剪力达到8.2 k N;铝柱上断口的微观形貌是被拉长的韧窝,扩散区的断口由灰色基体和白色颗粒组成.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Al-Zn alloy under a low-voltage pulsed magnetic field

Effect of a low-voltage pulsed magnetic field on the solidified microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Al-Zn alloy has been investigated. When the low-voltage pulsed magnetic field is applied during solidification, the as-cast microstructure is significantly refined and α-Mg is modified from developed dendrite to fine rosette. This morphology modification is caused by the accumulation of Joule heat on the dendrite tip. The yield strength is improved with the application of the low-voltage pulsed magnetic field under normal casting and semi-continuous casting conditions. The ultimate tensile strength is decreased slightly under normal casting condition due to the occurrence of plenty of shrinkage under the low-voltage pulsed magnetic field. The shrinkages are removed and the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are increased under semi-continuous casting condition with low-voltage pulsed magnetic field.     

新型Ti-650合金电子束焊接头组织及性能研究

采用电子束对新型耐650 ℃使用的高温钛合金板材进行焊接,并进行1 000 ℃/1 h/AC+700 ℃/4 h/AC的退火处理,研究了接头的组织、硬度分布,母材和接头的拉伸性能和持久性能.结果表明,接头组织由α相、少量β相、以及大量细小的再结晶α相构成.接头中母材、热影响区和焊缝的显微硬度值比较均匀,介于440~490HV之间.室温条件下,母材和接头的抗拉强度均高于1 000 MPa,延伸率均介于7%~10%;650 ℃拉伸,母材抗拉强度达到了750 MPa,延伸率最高达20%;接头的抗拉强度在700 MPa以下,延伸率在10%~14%之间.接头与母材的持久断裂均是由孔洞聚集形成微裂纹,在力的作用下不断扩展,直至最终断裂.而接头中柱状晶的晶界促进了裂纹的扩展,所以母材的持久寿命和应变优于接头.根据结果分别得出了650 ℃下接头和母材应力与寿命的关系式.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of alumina-6061 aluminum alloy joined by friction welding

The study of the interface of ceramic/metal alloy friction welded components is essential for understanding of the quality of bonding between two dissimilar materials. In the present study, optical and electron microscopy as well as four-point bending strength and microhardness measurements were used to evaluate the quality of bonding of alumina and 6061 aluminum alloy joints produced by friction welding. The joints were also examined with EDX (energy dispersive X-ray) in order to determine the phases formed during welding. The bonded alumina-6061 aluminum samples were produced by varying the rotational speed but keeping constant the friction pressure and friction time. The experimental results showed that the effect of rotation speed and degree of deformation appears to be high on the 6061 Al alloy than on the alumina part. It is discovered that the weld interface formed included three different regions: unaffected zone (UZ), deformed zone (DZ), as well as transformed and recrystallized fully deformed zone (FPDZ). Therefore, when rotational speed increases, the thickness of full plastic deformed zone (FPDZ) at the interface increases as a result of more mass discarded from the welding interface. It was also observed that rotational speed of 2500 rpm can produce a very good joint and microhardness with good microstructure as compared to the other experimental rotational speeds.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of spray formed 7055 aluminum alloy by underwater friction stir welding

Ultra-high strength spray formed 7055 aluminum alloy in which Zn is supersaturated solid solution requires strict control of heat input in welding process. In this paper, underwater friction stir welding is carried out in order to reduce heat input comparing with traditional friction stir welding and further improve the joint performances by varying welding temperature history. Through comparing the thermal cycle curves and distribution of residual stress of the plate welded in different media, the reason why the joint welded underwater shows a better performance is figured out. The result shows that tensile strength, hardness and plasticity of underwater welded joint are better than that welded in air. The underwater joint has a fine grained microstructure without “S line” defect, a typically distinct boundary between the weld nugget zone and the thermal mechanically affected zone and a narrow heat affected zone. The main strengthening phase in underwater joint is MgZn₂ .     

Ti75合金激光焊接接头的组织及力学性能

采用10 kW的连续光纤激光器对3 mm厚的Ti75合金板进行激光焊接,通过调整不同的激光功率来获得全熔透的焊接接头.同时,观察了不同热输入下焊接接头的宏观形貌、微观组织,测试了焊接接头的力学性能和显微硬度,对接头不同部位的组织特征及成形原因进行了分析.结果表明,随着焊接过程中激光功率的增加,焊缝的宽度逐渐变大,在不同...     

Microstructure and properties of A357 aluminium alloy treated by pulsed magnetic field

This study examined the effects of a pulsed magnetic field (PMF) on the solidified microstructure and properties of A357 aluminium alloy. Results showed that the solidified microstructure of the alloy treated by a PMF was refined. The treated alloy in the T6 state had superior mechanical properties, with the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation increasing by 48?MPa (18.5%), 46?MPa (16.4%) and 4.8% (142%), respectively, when compared with the untreated alloy. When testing at room temperature, with a strain amplitude of 1?×?10^?4 and at a frequency of 1?Hz, the damping capacity value was 14.2?×?10^?3 for the alloy subjected to a PMF treatment, which increased by nearly 170% when compared with the untreated alloy.     

在TIG粉末焊接中Y2O3对ODS合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

ODS铁素体钢进行熔化焊接时容易出现氧化物颗粒聚集现象,采用TIG 填充粉末焊接能有效避免这种现象的产生,本文通过TIG填充焊接重点研究了焊接填充粉末成分与焊接接头性能之间的关系．试验结果表明:在合适的Y₂O₃填充粉末和工艺条件下焊接ODS铁素体钢,能得到外观美观无裂纹、高强度、高硬度的焊接接头;适当Y₂O₃含量的合金填充粉末能有效抑制ODS铁素体钢熔化焊接时氧化物颗粒的聚集、细化晶粒、产生新的增强颗粒相;这些均匀分布在焊缝金属上的纳米级和亚微米级颗粒呈Y—M—O类型结构,有效提高了ODS铁素体钢焊接接头的组织和性能．     

铝基材料TIG焊填充材料对接头组织性能的影响

采用TIG焊方法焊接铝基复合材料,讨论了填充材料钛对焊缝综合性能的影响及填充材料的厚度与焊缝中生成物之间的关系.研究表明:填充材料的加入,提高了熔池的流动性,使得焊缝中的孔洞、未熔合明显减少;在高温下钛优先与增强颗粒SiC发生原位反应,从而抑制了有害相Al4C3,的生成,而且生成的TiC颗粒在焊缝中起增强作用;接头的机械性能与填充材料的厚度有着密切关系,填充材料的厚度过小,抑制有害反应的作用减弱,填充材料的厚度过大,则焊缝的脆性增大,本实验条件下填充材料厚度为0.45mm时获得最佳接头.