A novel high-efficiency linear transmitter using injection-locked pulsed oscillator

This letter presents a novel high-efficiency linear transmitter using pulse-width modulation (PWM). An envelope of radio frequency (RF) input signal is modulated by the PWM. The modulated signal is applied to the gate bias of a class F injection-locked power oscillator and switches it on and off. By filtering the pulsed oscillating output signal of the injection-locked oscillator using high-Q bandpass filter, the input signal is restored. This technique enables the transmitter to have high efficiency with good linearity. Also, there is little distortion near saturation point of an active device. The measured results show efficiency of 54.6% and very good linearity in PCS band at 26.4-dBm output power.     

A New Two-Branch Amplification Architecture and its Application with Various Modulated Signals

This paper proposes a new two-branch amplification architecture that combines baseband signal decomposition with RF front-end optimization. In the proposed architecture, the filtered modulated signals are separated into two components that are then amplified independently and combined to regenerate an amplified version of the original signal. A branch with an efficient amplifier transmits a low-varying envelope signal that contains the main part of the information. Another branch amplifies the residual portion of the signal. The baseband decomposition and parameters of the RF part are optimized to find the configuration that gives the best power efficiency and linearity. For M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation （M-QAM） signals, this technique is limited in terms of power efficiency. However, for filtered continuous phase modulation （CPM） signals, especially for minimum shift keying （MSK） and Gaussian MSK （GMSK） signals, high power efficiency can be achieved with no significant impact on the overall linearity. The results show that this technique gives better performance than the single-ended ctass-B amplifier.     

二进制调制信号Duffing振子检测方法及其抗噪声机理分析

根据二进制调制信号的特点及Duffing振子微弱信号检测技术,研究了二进制调制信号的Duffing振子检测原理,给出了2ASK、2FSK及BPSK调制信号的Duffing振子检测的方法和流程.从Dufiing振子与匹配滤波器处理待测信号的不同原理出发,研究了Duffing振子输入前端信号信噪比提升的现象.指出二元通信信...     

基于PM 的多功能超宽带调制技术的研究

基于相位调制器(PM)级联高斯带通滤波器,提出了一种超宽带(UWB)多功能调制方案,可以实现通断键控(OOK)、脉冲极性调制(PBM)和脉冲形状调制(PSM)。该方案结构简单,只需单个光源,利用率较高,仅改变比特序列发生器(BSG)的编码就可实现三种UWB调制格式间的灵活切换;产生的三种信号只包含一个波长,在光纤中传输时无需复杂的非线性控制和色散管理。使用光通信软件Optisystem进行模拟,研究了光源功率、调制速率以及两支路PM和滤波器系统误差的影响,对OOK、PBM和PSM信号的传输性能进行了分析。结果表明,光源功率和调制速率在一定范围内变化时,可以获得性能最佳的UWB调制信号。     

基于以太网语音和IP数据无线光通信链路设计

针对移动应用平台间进行较短距离的直接通信,设计了一种基于以太网和无线激光传输的通信链路系统。该系统使用直接调制的方式将以太网发出的电信号调制到光波上,将携带信息的载波激光束聚焦、对准发送至接收设备;接收设备将采集到的信号进行解调,由光信号还原出发送方输出的电信号,经以太网传输至接收端,实现信号的双向传递;该系统可实时、大容量、高速地传输语音、数据、视频和图像等信号,且通信质量稳定可靠,保密性和安全性能优良。测试结果表明,该系统能较好地在大气间进行实时高速地数据通信,满足移动应用平台间的保密需要。     

A New Transceiver Scheme for OFDMA System Based on Discrete Cosine Transform and Phase Modulation

A high peak-to-average power ratio of the transmit signal is a major drawback of multicarrier transmissions, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). An alternative approach to mitigate the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem is based on signal transformation using phase modulation (PM). A phase modulation based systems have the advantage of constant envelope (CE) signals and the ability to improve the diversity of multipath channels. In this paper, a different implementation of discrete Fourier transform DFT-OFDMA system which is based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) is proposed. The DCT-OFDMA system is then used to develop a new transceiver system called DCT-OFDMA-PM which refers to discrete cosine OFDMA with phase modulation. The PM input signal to be modulated must be real which can be produced using DCT-OFDMA with pulse amplitude modulation (M-PAM). The new system involves a signal transformation prior to amplification. This gives the advantage of CE (i.e. 0 dB PAPR). The proposed system is implemented with frequency domain equalization (FDE) to obtain high diversity gains over the frequency multipath channel. Simulation the PM-based systems with multipath fading can outperform that with single path fading.     

A Discrete‐Amplitude Pulse Width Modulation for a High‐Efficiency Linear Power Amplifier

A new discrete‐amplitude pulse width modulation (DAPWM) scheme for a high‐efficiency linear power amplifier is proposed. A radio frequency (RF) input signal is divided into an envelope and a phase modulated carrier. The low‐frequency envelope is modulated so that it can be represented by a pulse whose area is proportional to its amplitude. The modulated pulse has at least two different pulse amplitude levels in order that the duty ratios of the pulse are kept large for small input. Then, an RF pulse train is generated by mixing the modulated envelope with the phase modulated carrier. The RF pulse train is amplified by a switching‐mode power amplifier, and the original RF input signal is restored by a band pass filter. Because duty ratios of the RF pulse train are kept large in spite of a small input envelope, the DAPWM technique can reduce loss from harmonic components. Furthermore, it reduces filtering efforts required to suppress harmonic components. Simulations show that the overall efficiency of the pulsed power amplifier with DAPWM is about 60.3% for a mobile WiMax signal. This is approximately a 73% increase compared to a pulsed power amplifier with PWM.     

Characterization of the chirp and intensity modulation propertiesof an SOA-MZI wavelength converter

Wavelength converters based on cross-phase modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) in the arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) provide a key network element for reconfigurable optical networks that incorporate wavelength routing. For system design purposes, the properties of the intensity and phase (chirp) modulation of the wavelength-converted signal for an SOA-MZI wavelength converter are important. In this paper, the small-signal α parameter, which characterizes the converter chirp, and the conversion frequency response are characterized experimentally for an integrated all-active SOA-MZI wavelength converter. For both co- and counterpropagating signals, the variation of the a parameter along the interference and conversion curves is considered in detail. Three optical modulators with quite different chirp properties are used to generate the modulated input signal to the wavelength converter. The results demonstrate that the chirp of the wavelength-converted signal is primarily determined by the device properties and the intensity of the modulated input signal. The a parameter of the wavelength-converted signal is negative for noninverting operation and positive for inverting operation. An important contribution of the paper is the detailed assessment of this key device characteristic. The experimental characterization of the wavelength converter is incorporated into a device model that can be used to obtain the pulse response. Calculated and measured results for the time dependence of the intensity and chirp of the wavelength-converted signal are in good agreement. The conversion frequency response for the intensity modulation is also measured along the conversion curve. The 3-dB bandwidth is found to be generally about 8-10 GHz     

Nonlinearity in GaAs FET power amplifying devices

Modern microwave communication systems rely heavily on the linearity of output stages incorporating GaAs FET power amplifying devices. This letter describes a system for the automatic nonlinearity measurement in such devices of gain and phase angle as functions of input power level and frequency, with results leading to significantly improved system performance.     

基于RF2422正交调制的分析与仿真

第3代移动通信系统采用了线性化调制方式,对放大器的线性度的要求也很高,因此设计一款高线性度的放大器有着十分重要的意义。针对前馈射频放大器设计中插入导频法自适应控制而采取的一种解决方法:通过RF2422正交调制双音频信号的载波信号作为导频信号,利用音频信号幅度的变化来控制幅度与相位变化,并利用ADS做出部分仿真。     

基于1 bit时间调制技术的功率控制方法

针对传统数控衰减器结构复杂、控制信号路数多的问题,提出了一种基于1 bit时间调制技术的功率控制方法. 通过对1 bit移相器0°和180°两种状态占空比的调节,该方法可以有效实现对输入信号基波功率的动态控制,利用带通滤波器抑制多余谐波后其可具备数控衰减器的功能. 还进一步讨论了调制信号时间精度对不同衰减量和不同调制频率的约束. 仿真和实验结果验证了所提功率控制方法的有效性. 相比于传统数字控制衰减器级联网络和多路控制信号的结构,本文方法只需一个调制模块和两路控制信号即可实现多种衰减状态可调的功能,因此具备结构简单的优势.     

GaN MMIC六位数字衰减器的设计

针对传统数控衰减器结构复杂、控制信号路数多的问题,提出了一种基于1 bit时间调制技术的功率控制方法. 通过对1 bit移相器0°和180°两种状态占空比的调节,该方法可以有效实现对输入信号基波功率的动态控制,利用带通滤波器抑制多余谐波后其可具备数控衰减器的功能. 还进一步讨论了调制信号时间精度对不同衰减量和不同调制频率的约束. 仿真和实验结果验证了所提功率控制方法的有效性. 相比于传统数字控制衰减器级联网络和多路控制信号的结构,本文方法只需一个调制模块和两路控制信号即可实现多种衰减状态可调的功能,因此具备结构简单的优势.     

A MOS switched-capacitor instrumentation amplifier

Describes a precision switched-capacitor sampled-data instrumentation amplifier using NMOS polysilicon gate technology. It is intended for use as a sample-and-hold amplifier for low level signals in data acquisition systems. The use of double correlated sampling technique achieves high power supply rejection, low DC offset, and low 1/f noise voltage. Matched circuit components in a differential configuration minimize errors from switch channel charge injection. Very high common mode rejection (120 dB) is obtained by a new sampling technique which prevents the common mode signal from entering the amplifier. This amplifier achieves 1 mV typical input offset voltage, greater than 95 dB PSRR, 0.15 percent gain accuracy, 0.01 percent gain linearity, and an RMS input referred noise voltage of 30 /spl mu/V/input sample.     

光纤通信系统中光发射机的设计

光发射机功能是将AV信号接收、调制后,把电信号变换成光信号,经光纤发射出去.在光纤通信系统的原理下,对光发射机的主要组成部分电源、调频电路及锁相器在原理和实现电路上进行设计,使信号源发出的信号经过光发射机后信号失真小、信噪比高,满足信号传输高质量的要求,实现低成本高质量的AV传输解决方案.     

High-Power EMI on RF Amplifier and Digital Modulation Schemes

We present the performance of an RF amplifier and digital modulation techniques in the presence of high-power electromagnetic interference (EMI) to provide existing and next generation communication systems with critical information. An advanced measurement setup comprised of a large-signal network analyzer is used to characterize the adverse effects of EMI on the device characteristics of an RF power amplifier and the performance of digital modulation schemes. Furthermore, our analysis incorporated hybrid numerical tools, such as the hybrid S-parameter method to carry out an extensive EMI analysis of digital modulation schemes in the presence of complex structures, such as cylindrical cavities. Our studies yield critical information for the communication systems. For instance, our analysis suggests that digital modulation schemes are more susceptible to EMI than the RF power amplifier that processes the modulated signals. Power levels of the order of megawatts are required to have a notable impact on the device characteristics of an RF amplifier in the presence of a missile-like body, whereas, much lower power levels are sufficient to degrade the performance of a digital modulation scheme as long as it is within the bandwidth of the modulated signal. Our analysis further indicates that nonconstant envelope digital modulation schemes are more susceptible to EMI.      

电路包络:一种微波电路稳态分析新方法

现代通信信号在射频载波上采用复杂的数字调制(如/4DQPSK,GMSK和QAM)以提高频谱效率。通用的两种仿真技术(时域积分法和谐波平衡法)不能对任意载波频率调制的通信系统进行有效的分析。介绍了可以填补这一空缺的仿真技术,并用该方法对二极管强非线性电路进行了分析。仿真结果表明这种仿真方法是有效的。     

Linearised InGaP/GaAs HBT MMIC power amplifier with active biascircuit for W-CDMA application

A high linearity InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifier is demonstrated using a new structure for a bias circuit for wideband-code division multiple access (W-CDMA) application. A one shunt capacitor is added to a novel active bias circuit and acts as a lineariser improving input P_{1 dB} of 16 dB and phase distortion of 5.1° for the hybrid phase shift keying (HPSK) modulated signal at the 28 dBm output power; the lineariser showing no significant increase of signal loss and chip area. The two-stage HBT MMIC amplifier exhibits a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 37%, a linear power gain of 24.5 dB, and an output power of 28 dBm with an adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) of -45 dBc, under a 3 V operation voltage     

窄带色散系统的群时延与包络时延的关系

该文探讨了调制信号经过色散窄带系统时,群时延与相关时延之间的关系,分析了色散对系统时延校准的影响。当信号经过系统时,信号包络的时延主要由上升沿与下降沿的变形引起。对矩形脉冲调制、三角脉冲调制、余弦脉冲调制以及线性调频脉冲调制的研究表明,相关时延不等于系统在载波频率点的群时延,近似为群时延的加权平均,加权值为信号频谱分布与系统幅度响应的乘积。利用群时延对系统相关时延校准时,系统相位响应的线性度越好,校准精度越高。     

Suboptimum detection of trellis-coded CPM for transmission onbandwidth- and power-limited channels

The authors consider a communication scheme based on continuous phase modulated (CPM) signals used in conjunction with trellis-coded modulation (TCM) for transmission over a channel affected by Gaussian noise and fading. This scheme provides a power saving due to the coding gain of TCM and a reduced bandwidth occupancy due to the features of CPM signals. Moreover, CPM provides constant-envelope signals. To keep the complexity of the receiver manageable and to be able to use interleaving/deinterleaving techniques to spread the fade bursts, suboptimal detection schemes must be used. Two such schemes, based on coherent and noncoherent detection of CPM, are considered. Their performance is evaluated by computing the computational cutoff rate of the discrete channel generated by CPM     

声表面波射频识别系统的FMCW信号源设计

频率调制连续波(FMCW)的产生(即FMCW信号源)是声表面波射频识别系统频域采样阅读器的重要组成部分。为了满足扫频速度、带宽和线性度等要求,采用直接数字频率合成器(DDS)与锁相环(PLL)混频,并结合IQ调制的方式设计了超高频FMCW信号源。实际制作了信号源电路,DDS芯片输出I、Q两路正交信号,并分别以差分形式传输至IQ调制芯片进行上变频。测试了DDS输出信号的差分、正交特性,分别对信号源产生的单频信号和扫频信号进行了测试。最后搭建系统对声表面波标签进行测试。测试结果表明信号源设计的有效性。