PP-g-MAH对尼龙6/炭黑复合材料性能和形貌的影响

以炭黑(CB)为导电填料,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)为增韧剂,通过双螺杆挤出机和注射成型机制备了尼龙(PA)6/PP-g-MAH/CB复合材料,研究了PP-g-MAH含量对7.5%CB填充PA6力学性能、抗静电性能、热稳定性能和形貌的影响。结果表明,添加质量分数20%的PP-g-MAH可提高PA6/CB复合材料的拉伸强度、韧性、抗静电性能和热稳定性。PA6/PP-g-MAH/CB复合材料力学强度和热稳定性的提高源于PP-g-MAH产生的能量耗散以及CB,PP-g-MAH与PA6之间较好的界面粘附和PP-g-MAH均匀细化分散在PA6/CB中。PP-g-MAH改变了CB在共混物中的选择性分布,使PA6/CB的表面电阻率和体积电阻率分别下降5个和3个数量级。     

硬质聚氯乙烯/空壳结构导电炭黑复合抗静电材料的研制

用透射电镜 (TEM )和扫描电镜 (SEM )考察了空壳结构导电炭黑 (CB1)及实芯结构导电炭黑 (CB2 )、(CB3)对硬质聚氯乙烯 (PVC U )抗静电性能的影响 ,并对CB1表面处理剂及PVC U/CB1增韧体系进行了研究。结果表明 :采用 5～ 7质量份经表面处理的空壳结构CB1与硬质聚氯乙烯复合可使材料的表面电阻 (RS)小于 3× 10 8Ω ,再辅以阻燃和增韧体系 ,可得到综合性能优良的阻燃、抗静电PVC U材料     

UHMWPE/炭黑抗静电复合材料的研究

制备了导电炭黑(CB)填充UHMWPE抗静电复合材料。实验结果表明,在经表面固相接枝改性的UHMWPE/CB复合体系中,炭黑渗滤区含量为5%~7%,表面电阻ρs从1014Ω下降到107Ω,较低的炭黑含量确保了复合材料优异的耐磨性;同时扫描电镜(SEM)表征证明炭黑在改性UHMWPE中达到纳米分散,形成双重纳米导电网络结构,这种双重纳米导电结构提高了复合材料的抗静电性能、力学性能和热变形温度。     

CB／HDPE复合材料导电性能及导电行为研究

通过熔融共混的方法制备了CB／氯化聚乙烯（CPE）／HDPE复合材料和复合热稳定剂（15％抗氧剂1010,35％抗氧剂DLTP,50％硬脂酸钙）／CB／HDPE复合材料。通过导电性能测试研究TCPE和合热稳定剂对复合材料的导电性能和PTC导电行为的影响。DSC测试研究了复合材料热性能及其对复合材料的导电行为的影响。结果表明,随着CPE用量的增加,复合材料的导电性能提高;复合热稳定剂提高了复合材料的热稳定性,提高热老化后复合材料的PTC强度,可达4个数量级。     

高热稳定性聚酰亚胺抗静电复合薄膜的制备与表征

采用原位聚合法制备了聚酰亚胺(PI)/掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)抗静电复合薄膜。采用红外光谱分析仪FTIR(ATR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热失重仪(TGA)、热机械分析仪(TMA)及电子万能试验机测试了薄膜的结构和性能。结果表明,ATO导电粒子在PI中分散良好,PI/ATO复合薄膜的热稳定性比纯PI明显提高,ATO的加入可以有效增强PI的抗静电性能,当质量分数为10%时,复合薄膜表面电阻率可降至1010Ω,达到抗静电材料要求的范围。     

聚苯胺复合材料应用研究进展

聚苯胺（PANI）是最重要的导电聚合物之一,近年来,其复合材料的研究和应用越来越受到重视。综述PANI复合材料在传感器、电磁屏蔽、金属防腐和抗静电材料等领域应用研究的最新进展,并指出了影响PANI复合材料性能的因素。     

复合填料/聚丙烯酸酯导电压敏胶的制备与性能

针对导电胶黏剂（ECA）在实用中所遇到填料组分单一、易团聚、对基体力学性能影响较大等问题,本文利用不同组分填料间的架桥、插层等“协同”效应,将一定比例的碳黑（CB）、碳纤维（CF）、碳纳米管（CNTs）、纳米石墨微片（NanoG）复合作为导电填料加入到聚丙烯酸酯压敏胶（PSA）中,采用溶液共混法超声分散,得到填料添加量小、导电性能和力学性能良好的导电PSA。运用多种检测手段对导电PSA的电学性质、微观结构、热稳定性和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明,复合填料组成为CF 3%、NanoG 5%、CNTs 5%（均为质量分数）时,导电PSA的电导率达到3.0×10?2S/cm,180°剥离强度为0.38kN/m。     

碳纳米管-炭黑协同改性PTT/PET复合纤维的制备及导电性能

聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PTT/PET)复合纤维具有稳定且高度螺旋的卷曲结构,为改善其抗静电性能,采用碳纳米管(CNT)/炭黑(CB)复合填料对PTT进行共混改性。将不同质量比的CNT,CB及PTT共混挤出,制备出用于纺丝的CNT/CB/PTT共混切片,CNT/CB/PTT共混切片与PET切片复合纺丝制备CNT-CB协同改性PTT/PET复合纤维,并对复合纤维的导电性能进行表征。结果表明:采用质量分数1%的CNT和质量分数10%的CB作为导电填料对PTT改性,导电粒子在PTT基体中未出现明显的团聚,且CNT和CB可以形成较为完善的复合导电通路,制备的CNT/CB/PTT共混切片可用于纺丝;将CNT/CB/PTT共混切片与PET切片按质量比50∶50进行复合纺丝,制得的复合纤维具有良好的导电性能;随拉伸倍数的提高,复合纤维的体积电阻率呈下降趋势,但拉伸倍数过高,会损坏CB与CNT在PTT基体中形成的导电网络,当拉伸倍数为3. 3时,未改性的PTT/PET复合纤维体积电阻率为3. 58×10~9Ω·cm,而改性复合纤维的体积电阻率下降至5. 44×10~6Ω·cm。     

聚丙烯/聚苯胺共混材料的界面结构及抗静电性能研究

采用乳液聚合方法,利用聚丙烯(PP)二甲苯溶液为种子对苯胺单体进行了核-壳聚合。利用DSC、高倍显微镜及偏光显微镜等对聚苯胺热稳定性及与PP共混的界面进行了测试分析。聚苯胺(PANI)与聚丙烯(PP)进行共混可以制成抗静电性较高,溶解性和熔融性较好的导电复合材料。     

基于磷氮协同阻燃体系的抗静电PBT材料的性能研究

采用聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）作为基体树脂、二乙基次磷酸铝（AlPi）和三聚氰胺次磷酸盐（MPP）以质量比2∶1的配比作为协效阻燃剂、炭黑（CB）作为抗静电填料,制备了阻燃抗静电PBT材料。通过极限氧指数、UL 94垂直燃烧实验、热重分析和扫描电子显微镜分别研究了PBT复合材料的燃烧性能、热稳定性、抗静电性能并测试了其体积电阻率。结果表明,复合材料的阻燃级别达到UL 94 V-0级,极限氧指数为31 %;CB的阈值为12份（质量份,下同）,CB加入量为20份时的体积电阻率达到104 Ω·cm;复配阻燃剂和CB对材料的热稳定性有一定程度的改善,复合材料燃烧后表面形成多孔连续的炭层,获得了优良的阻燃效果。     

Facile preparation of conductive paint made with polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid dispersion and poly(methyl methacrylate)

We investigated an easy way to prepare industrially a conductive paint made with polyaniline (PANI)/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) dispersion and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) in organic media. First, water‐dispersible PANI doped with DBSA was chemically synthesized with aniline sulfate using ammonium persulfate in water, and the resulting PANI/DBSA was readily extracted from the reaction medium with a mixture of toluene and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) (toluene:MEK = 1:1 (v/v)), which is useful for industrial applications. The obtained PANI/DBSA organic dispersion was mixed with PMMA organic solution to give the corresponding PANI/DBSA conductive paint containing PMMA. A film prepared with the resulting PANI/DBSA conductive paint was found to possess relatively good conductivity and low surface resistivity for a conductive paint utilized for an electrostatic discharge even at low PANI/DBSA content in the PANI/DBSA–PMMA composite film (the conductivity and the surface resistivity were 9.48 × 10^?4 S cm^?1 and 3.14 × 10⁶ Ω cm^?2, respectively, when the feed ratio of PANI/DBSA:PMMA was 1:39 (w/w)). Furthermore, it was found that the conductivity of the film composed of PANI/DBSA–PMMA composite can be readily and widely controlled by the PANI/DBSA content of the composite or by the amount of DBSA used during the PANI/DBSA synthesis. The highest conductivity of PANI/DBSA–PMMA composite film (7.84 × 10^?1 S cm^?1) was obtained when the feed ratio of PANI/DBSA:PMMA was 1:4 (w/w). Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

超声辐射对PVA/CB导电复合材料气敏性能的影响

以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基体,填充各种类型炭黑导电粒子,制备了导电复合薄膜。研究了超声作用下导电复合薄膜在不同溶剂蒸气中的气敏性能。考察了PVA与炭黑的比例、炭黑种类、超声时间、超声功率等条件对导电薄膜响应性能与响应稳定性的影响,并对这种导电复合薄膜产生气敏响应性的机理作了分析。结果表明,以PVA/乙炔炭黑组成的导电复合薄膜具有较强气敏响应性。当将其置于丙酮、正丁醇、乙醇、水极性溶剂中,电阻急剧提高102~103倍,表现为正蒸气系数效应(PVC);随炭黑含量提高,复合材料薄膜室温电阻下降,对溶剂蒸气的响应强度提高;超声时间、功率对导电粒子分散行为及复合材料的气敏性有影响,随超声时间延长及功率增大,接枝改性效果明显,导电薄膜的响应性及重复稳定性提高。     

镍基涂膜电化学法制备聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇复合膜

报道了-种在镍基板上涂覆聚乙烯醇(PVA)膜,通过电化学法制备聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇(PANI/PVA)复合膜的方法,再将该复合膜剥离后覆于IT0导电塑料上,考察了其电致变色性.通过循环伏安和交流阻抗测试,确定了电化学法制备PANI/PVA复合膜的工艺条件.实验结果表明:当nssA/nH2so4=1∶1,激发电压为1.10～...     

Improving the actuating response of carbon nanotube/ionic liquid composites by the addition of conductive nanoparticles

Polyaniline (PANI) or carbon black (CB) was used as a conductive additive in porous electrodes of a dry-type carbon nanotube (CNT)-polymer actuator to improve the actuation properties. We estimated the strain from the bending motion of the actuator in the frequency range of 200–0.005 Hz. The generated stress was calculated from the Young’s modulus of the electrode film and the maximum strain. Eight different types of electrode films were prepared by changing the mixed amount of PANI or CB into the CNT electrode film. When a same amount of PANI (50 mg) against CNT (50 mg) was added to the CNT electrode (in the case of CNT/PANI(50/50)), the strain of CNT/PANI(50/50) was increased to be almost three times larger than that of CNT(50) (without any additives). As a result, CNT/PANI(50/50) showed more than five times the generated stress compared to CNT(50). Using 40 mg of CB as an additive, CNT/CB(50/40) showed a more than four times larger stress compared to CNT(50). The electrochemical properties such as conductivity and capacitance were also investigated and discussed. An asymmetrical three-layered actuator element was fabricated to investigate the actuation mechanism. The results imply that the anode contracts and the cathode expands.     

Oxidative graft polymerization of aniline on the modified surface of polypropylene films

A novel method for preparing electrically conductive polypropylene‐graft‐polyacrylic acid/polyaniline (PP‐g‐PAA/PANI) composite films was developed. 1,4‐Phenylenediamine (PDA) was introduced on the surface of PP‐g‐PAA film, and then, chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline on PP‐g‐PAA/PDA film was carried out to prepare PP‐g‐PAA/PANI electrically conductive composite films. After each step of reaction, the PP film surface was characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Static water contact angles of the PP, PP‐g‐PAA, and PP‐g‐PAA/PANI films were measured, and the results revealed that graft reactions took place as expected. The morphology of the PP‐g‐PAA film and the PP‐g‐PAA/PANI composite film were observed by atomic force microscopy. The conductivity and the thickness of the PP‐g‐PAA/PANI composite films with 1.5 wt % PANI were around 0.21 S/cm and 0.4 μm, respectively. The PANI on the PP‐g‐PAA/PANI film was reactivated and chain growing occurred to further improve the molecular weight of PANI. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2442–2450, 2007     

Preparation and performance of PANI–PVA composite film doped with HCl

The polyaniline (PANI)–poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite film doped with HCl was prepared by adopting PVA as matrix. Effects of PVA content and film drying temperature on properties of HCl–PANI–PVA composite film were studied. A comparison was made for tensile strength, elasticity, conductivity and thermal stability of PVA, HCl–PANI or HCl–PANI–PVA. PVA film presented the highest tensile strength and elasticity (150.8?MPa and 300.0%), but its conductivity was the lowest. The conductivity of HCl–PANI–PVA was the highest (1500?S?m^?1), and tensile strength and elasticity of HCl–PANI–PVA were higher than those of HCl–PANI. The order of their thermal stability is PVA?>?HCl–PANI?>?HCl–PANI–PVA before 260°C, and the order of their thermal stability is HCl–PANI?>?HCl–PANI–PVA?>?PVA after 260°C. At the same time, the structure and conductive mechanism of composite materials were characterised and analysed through infrared and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).     

纳米石墨片/炭黑/氯醋树脂复合导电膜的制备及性能研究

以氯醋树脂P(VC-Co-VAc)为基体,采用原位还原萃取分散技术制备了纳米石墨片复合导电膜,通过与炭黑填料的对比,考察了导电填料的几何形状以及两相导电填料之间的协同作用对复合膜导电性能的影响.结果表明:纳米石墨片在基体中分散良好,其复合膜的导电性能明显优于炭黑导电膜;当纳米石墨片和炭黑的体积比为4:6时,二者的协同作用最佳,其导电性明显优于相同含量下的单相填料复合导电膜.     

The conductive network made up by the reduced graphene nanosheet/polyaniline/polyvinyl chloride

In this work, due to the effective interfacial interactions between reduced graphene oxide (RGO) planes and polyaniline (PANI) chains, a conductive network was designed and fabricated by in situ polymerization of aniline monomer on the RGO planes. Then, the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was modified with the conductive network by simple solution blending. A significant enhancement in the conductive properties of PVC films was obtained with a 4.0 wt % RGO and 7.0 wt % PANI loading. When the PANI was coated on RGO, the PANI was easier to connect mutually and enhanced the conductivity network for composites. Thermal analysis of the composite films showed the thermal stability of PVC was also improved after modified. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

聚苯胺/nano-ATO导电复合材料的原位聚合与表征

用原位聚合法,以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)/HC l混酸为掺杂剂,过硫酸胺(APS)为氧化剂,制备了聚苯胺/掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)导电复合材料。探讨了ATO用量对导电复合材料电导率的影响。在n(苯胺)∶n(APS)∶n(DBSA)=1∶1∶0.7,m(ATO)∶m(苯胺)=0.1∶1时,复合材料室温25℃的电导率最高可达8.35 S/cm,比通常方法合成的聚苯胺和nano-ATO的电导率分别提高约1至2个数量级。通过FTIR、XRD、SEM和TEM对目标物进行了表征,结果表明,苯胺优先在ATO纳米粒子表面聚合,形成聚苯胺包覆ATO的导电复合材料。     

Preparation of PANI–PVA composite film with good conductivity and strong mechanical property

The polyaniline (PANI)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) conductive composite films [doped with hydrochloride (HCl), dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid and amino sulphonic acid (NH₂SO₃H) aqueous solution] were synthesised by ‘in situ’ polymerisation, and their conductivities were compared. Among these composite films, HCl–PANI–PVA composite film possessed the highest conductivity that reached 1360?S·m^??1 [w_(PVA)?=?40%]. Meanwhile, the effects of PVA content, HCl concentration, oxidant ammonium persulphate (APS) dosage, reaction time and film drying temperature on tensile strength of the HCl–PANI–PVA composite films were studied. The tensile strength of the film was improved greatly due to effective mixture of PANI and PVA. When the PVA content was 40%, C_(HCl)?=?1.0?mol·L^??1, reaction time was 4.0?h, n_(APS)/n_(aniline)?=?1.0 and film drying temperature was 80°C, and the tensile strength of the HCl–PANI–PVA composite film reached the maximum of 60.8?MPa. At the same time, the structure of composite materials was characterised and analysed through ultraviolet spectrum and SEM.