光学相干层析系统的成像数学模型研究

生物组织样品的光学特性可以由光学相干层析成像系统探测到的后向散射功率确定，文中建立了入射光线在样品介质内的一阶散射数学模型，揭示了样品的衰减系数和后向散射系数与系统探测结果之间的关系。     

光子嫩肤热损伤的光学相干层析成像动态监控

提出了一种基于光学相干层析成像(PCT)的动态监控光子嫩肤热损伤的系统.利用OCT测试系统的非入侵性无损检测的技术特点进行实时测量光子嫩肤治疗过程中皮肤的光学参数,并根据所获得的光学参数变化量来反映热损伤程度.采用小鼠动物模型,并用不同剂量的激光照射小鼠背部皮肤,得到了皮肤组织的衰减系数将随着光剂量的增大而减小的关系.实验结果表明,衰减系数的变化量反映了热损伤的严重程度.     

Retinal thickness measurements from optical coherence tomography using a Markov boundary model

We present a system for detecting retinal boundaries in optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scans. OCT is a relatively new imaging modality giving cross-sectional images that are qualitatively similar to ultrasound. However, the axial resolution with OCT is much higher, on the order of 10 microm. Objective, quantitative measures of retinal thickness may be made from OCT images. Knowledge of retinal thickness is important in the evaluation and treatment of many ocular diseases. The boundary-detection system presented here uses a one-dimensional edge-detection kernel to yield edge primitives. These edge primitives are rated, selected, and organized to form a coherent boundary structure by use of a Markov model of retinal boundaries as detected by OCT. Qualitatively, the boundaries detected by the automated system generally agreed extremely well with the true retinal structure for the vast majority of OCT images. Only one of the 1450 evaluation images caused the algorithm to fail. A quantitative evaluation of the retinal boundaries was performed as well, using the clinical application of automatic retinal thickness determination. Retinal thickness measurements derived from the algorithm's results were compared with thickness measurements from manually corrected boundaries for 1450 test images. The algorithm's thickness measurements over a 1-mm region near the fovea differed from the corrected thickness measurements by less than 10 microm for 74% of the images and by less than 25 microm (10% of normal retinal thickness) for 98.4% of the images. These errors are near the machine's resolution limit and still well below clinical significance. Current, standard clinical practice involves a qualitative, visual assessment of retinal thickness. A robust, quantitatively accurate system such as ours can be expected to improve patient care.     

采用频域光延迟线的光学相干层析成像

频域光延迟线是一种光学扫描结构,其基本组成是一个衍射光栅、一个透镜和一个扫描镜.把频域光延迟线应用到光学相干层析成像系统中,可以使参考臂扫描速率至少达到数m/s以上,从而实现视频速率的图像获取.从几何光学的角度分析了频域光延迟线的工作原理,分析结果表明在扫描角很小的情况下,入射光的光程或相位变化频率与扫描角频率有较好的线性关系.基于这一结构的光学相干层析成像的结果证明可以避免活体生物组织位移引入的图像模糊.另外,还提出了一种基于微执行器的新扫描装置.     

全光纤光学相干层析系统用于人造指纹的识别

目前商用指纹识别系统由于仅依赖于手指表面二 维图像的脊模式和细节特征进行识别,对人造 指纹有极大的安全漏洞。本文提出一种利用光学相干层析(OCT)技术识别 人造指纹的方法。在分析OCT系统原理及皮肤光学特性的基础上,使用研制的全光纤OCT系 统分别对 人体手指以及被商用指纹识别系统识别通过的人造指模进行成像,获得了二者的二维OCT图 像和对应的一 维信号,同时获得人造指模的三维OCT图像,通过对比分析二者深度方向 上的微结构信息 以及光学特性可以准确地识别出人造指模。实验结果表明,OCT技术不仅可以用于指纹的防 伪,有效地提高生物特征识别系统的安全性能,而且还具有用于指纹识别的潜力。     

Real-time digital signal processing-based optical coherence tomography and Doppler optical coherence tomography

We present the development and use of a real-time digital signal processing (DSP)-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Doppler OCT system. Images of microstructure and transient fluid-flow profiles are acquired using the DSP architecture for real-time processing of computationally intensive calculations. This acquisition system is readily configurable for a wide range of real-time signal processing and image processing applications in OCT.     

基于医用显微镜的光学相干层析系统设计

设计了以医用显微镜为探头的光学相干层析(OCT)系统,实验结果表明系统纵向分辨率为18μm,横向分辨率小于20μm.通过三维图象重构,获得了霉菌感染裸鼠皮肤结痂部分的三维组织结构,在皮肤科研究具有重要应用价值.     

光学相干层析成像用于微机电系统测量研究

为了对硅V型槽的结构进行测量,采用热光源谱域光学相干层析成像法,进行了理论分析和实验验证,取得了硅V型槽的1维深度和2维层析图像,获得了硅V型槽的深度、上部宽度和底部宽度数据分别为145.38m,212m和32m。结果表明,该测量结果与扫描电子显微镜测量值基本一致。这对微机电系统结构测量是有帮助的。     

光学相干层析成像技术研究

文章主要阐述了光学相干层析技术作为一种有别于其他层析成像技术的新型技术手段,具有快速、实时、无损等特点。它能利用低相干光的干涉,将带有生物样品信息的相干光进行解调、滤波和放大后成像。文章主要从光学相干层析技术的背景、定义、原理及其在现代医学领域的应用和未来的发展方面进行研究。     

光学相干层析成像技术的应用

介绍了光学相干层析成像技术在不同领域的应用,预言了未来的发展趋势。     

对数域的光学相干层析图像噪声模型分析

为了分析光学相干层析成像技术(OCT)的图像对数变换前后的斑点噪声分布模型,为图像去噪及其它图像处理过程提供参考,采用了先推导斑点噪声理论分布模型,再通过实验数据验证的方法。首先分析了对数变换前斑点噪声的统计特性,利用数学理论推导得到斑点噪声对数变换后的理论分布模型,然后用OCT心血管图像的平滑区域作为噪声的试验数据,得到变换前后斑点噪声的直方图分布数据,最后用理论分布模型对试验数据进行曲线拟合,取得了确定系数、均方根差和卡方检测的评价数据。结果表明,对数变换后斑点噪声分布符合Fisher-Tippett分布。这一结果对OCT图像去噪等处理过程是有帮助的。     

Image enhancement in optical coherence tomography usingdeconvolution

A linear shift invariant system model describing coherent light-specimen interactions in optical coherence tomography is presented. Based on this model, an iterative deconvolution algorithm is demonstrated for enhancing the sharpness of optical coherence tomographic images of biological structures     

Research on full-field optical coherence tomography

Full-field optical coherence tomography(FFOCT)was used for imaging the interior part of an object.Firstly,the mathematical modeling and performance analysis of the FFOCT system mounted was provided.Secondly,images of several different human tissues were obtained by FFOCT system,including esophagus,uterus,etc.The images of different depths of the same tissue were shown and compared.It was the first time in China that FFOCT was used for generating depth images on human esophagus and uterus;high-resolution images had been obtained for different depths without cutting the tissue sample,in which intercellular substance and myofibril structure could be clearly identified.As the in-depth structure could be imaged without the process needed for frozen and paraffin sectioning methods,the technology could been highly valuable for early cancer diagnosis and pathological analysis in tumor research.     

Characterization of flowing blood optical property under various fibrinogen levels using optical coherence tomography

The feasibility of characterization of human blood fibrinogen levels using optical coherence tomography (OCT) was investigated. Three groups of blood samples were reconstituted of red blood cells: 1) phosphate-buffered saline; 2) plasma with its intrinsic fibrinogen removed and commercial fibrinogen added; and 3) native plasma with various fibrinogen levels (0-12?g/L). OCT signal slope (OCTSS) of blood was extracted from OCT depth-reflectivity profiles. Effects of hematocrit (HCT) and blood flow on OCTSS of the blood under various fibrinogen concentrations were also studied. The results of blood flowing at 5?mm/s showed that OCTSS of all the three groups at HCT of 40% decreases with the increasing fibrinogen concentration up to a certain level, i. e., >8, 6, and 4?g/L for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The blood of group 2 at HCTs of 30%, 40%, and 50% had a rapid decrease in OCTSS in the range of fibrinogen concentration of 0-2, 0-6, and 0-10?g/L, respectively. OCTSS value of blood flowing at 2.5?mm/s was lower than that at 5?mm/s at each fibrinogen concentration. In conclusion, OCTSS has a strong correlation with plasma fibrinogen concentration, and has the potential to identify the abnormal level of human blood fibrinogen.     

OCT无创检测技术的人体血糖平衡延迟时间研究

为了研究在人体血糖快速变化情况下,皮肤组织液糖浓度与血液(指血、静脉血)中血糖变化的延迟关系,采用光学相干层析技术,通过人体口服葡萄糖耐量测试和血糖钳夹实验,测量了随血糖变化的皮肤光衰减系数,并对人体血糖平衡延迟时间问题做了研究。为了避免由于延迟因素造成预测血糖值误差过大,选择700m ~800m以下皮肤深度的真皮网状层作为分析计算区域。结果表明,延迟时间一般随着皮肤区域深度的增加而缩短;在不同的皮肤深度区域,血糖平衡延迟时间存在一定的差异性。此研究有助于提高光学无创血糖检测的准确性和可靠性。     

Visible light optical coherence tomography in biomedical imaging

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a widely used optical imaging modality for three-dimensional structural and functional imaging. The prevalent OCT systems use an invisible light laser source beyond 800 nm and up to 1 500 nm to allow deep image penetration in biological tissues. Recently, visible light OCT (vis-OCT) using a short wavelength range between 400 nm to 700 nm has gained significant progress and attracted interest in its unique capability of high resolution imaging and spatially-resolved spectroscopy. In this article, we will briefly review the recent advance of vis-OCT imaging and its potential biomedical applications.     

应用OCT成像技术对海水珍珠的无损测量研究

为探明两种不同大小的海水珍珠的内部结构差异,利用一种新型扫频光学相干层析（OCT）成像系统和Raman光谱仪,无损分析了中国南珠和南洋珠两类海水珍珠。Raman光谱分析表明,这批海水珍珠主体物相皆为文石,未检测到人工有机染色物和添加物。基于该OCT成像系统的测量和图形处理功能,对这批海水珍珠珠层厚度进行了快速、有效的测量,并根据珠层厚度,将其质量等级分成五等。对比分析了这批海水珍珠样品的厚度与直径,除少数样品外,这批海水珠层厚度与珍珠直径呈弱正相关。此外,通过OCT二维图像的纹理特征,对这批海水珍珠的珍珠层、过渡层、珠核层组织的均匀性等进行了归类和评估。OCT成像技术可为珍珠的珠层厚度和均匀性质量分级提供重要依据。     

光学相干层析成象技术基本原理

本文介绍了光学相干层析成象技术（ＯＣＴ），阐述了层析成象的基本原理，讨论了层析象的信息内容。     

Clinical applications of fiber-optic probes in optical coherence tomography

Fiber-optic probes are a key component in a range of emerging clinical applications of optical coherence tomography (OCT). These miniaturized probes offer new possibilities to image diseased tissue deep within the body. This paper presents an overview of the design and use of fiber-optic probes for OCT. Three different deployment scenarios are identified: endoscopic, intravascular and needle-based probes, and specific case studies are presented for both endoscopic and intravascular probes.     

基于光学相干层析成像技术的薄膜厚度测量

为了对薄膜厚度进行测量,采用白光谱域光学相干层析成像的测量方法,进行了理论分析和实验验证,对以玻璃为基片的单层和多层薄膜样品进行了层析成像实验,获得了样品的2维层析图像。结果表明,该系统不仅能显示薄膜样品内部的微观结构,而且能从2维层析图像中得到单层和多层薄膜的厚度(分别为68μm和30μm),测量值与理论值相吻合,从而验证了测量理论正确性。该系统具有较高分辨率,可实现快速成像,满足实际工业测量需要。