Human Health Care System of Systems

In this paper, we describe a human health management system scheme and its practical applications. Specifically, it focuses on health management, medical diagnosis, and surgical support system of systems engineering (SoSE). The application domains discussed here are broad and essential in health management and clinical practice. Firstly, we describe a system of systems (SoS) in human health management. Within it, a notion of health management is introduced and discussed from the viewpoint of SoS. Human health management is the first level of daily monitoring for a healthy human. Sensing and control technology during sleep are espectially focused on because the quality and quantity of sleep has considerable impact on health. Secondly, an SoS in medical diagnostic imaging is discussed. This section introduces a clinical usage of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner for the diagnosis of certain diseases. In it, there is a new system that consists of image processing system and expert medical knowledge system described by fuzzy logic. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the new system, applications to human brain magnetic resonance images and orthopedic kinematic analyses are introduced. Thirdly, we describe an SoS in medical ultrasonic surgery support device. This section introduces a novel ultrasonic support system for supporting crash bone orthopedic surgery.      

A practice driven approach to software engineering education

This paper describes a two year undergraduate education program in software engineering. This program is designed around the principle of exploratory learning, whereby the students are trained to build knowledge by themselves and actively search for solutions to the problems they experience. In addition to the essential aspects of software engineering: managing complexity of large, changing systems and the ability to work in teams; the program also aims to prepare the students for working in a field of rapidly changing conditions and constraints. This paper describes how these high level goals have been implemented in an actual curriculum. At the core of the program is a set of project courses which are conducted as role playing games in order to simulate the conditions in an industrial environment. Two years worth of students have graduated from the program now, and the paper summarizes the main lessons learned as well as a follow-up survey of experiences from some of the organizations who hired the students     

An Integrated Approach for Strategic Development of Engineering Curricula: Focus on Students' Design Skills

This paper proposes an integrated approach for developing the engineering curricula with a specific focus on engineering design. The proposed approach allows a continuous and coherent development of engineering students' design skills throughout the entire undergraduate curriculum. This ongoing design experience is delivered at an involvement and complexity level compatible with the students' study year. In the integrated approach, three different stages are identified: Structured Design Experience, Guided Design Experience, and Open-Ended Design Experience. The objectives, implementation mechanism, and the expected outcomes of each stage are outlined. The proposed methodology systematically develops not only design skills but also teamwork, communication skills, project management, and lifelong learning. The implementation of the proposed approach is demonstrated by presenting courses in the Electronics track which shows the gradual, integrated delivery of structured, guided, and open ended design experiences as students progress from the freshman to the final year of study. As a case study, the delivery of design skills using the proposed approach is assessed through the students' survey in the electrical engineering curriculum at the American University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.      

Differential Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy Using Sensor Arrays

In this paper, we introduce a new aperture-type near-Held scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) imaging concept that relies on specially designed large-area (e.g. >200 nm times 200 nm) aperture geometries having sharp corners. Unlike in conventional NSOM, the spatial resolution of this near-field imaging modality is not determined by the size of the aperture, but rather by the sharpness of the corners of the large aperture. This approach significantly improves the light throughput of the near-field probe and, hence, increases the SNR. Here, we discuss the basic concepts of this near-field microscopy approach and illustrate both theoretically and experimentally how an array of detectors can be utilized to further improve the SNR of the near-field image. The results of this work are particularly relevant for imaging of biological samples at a spatial resolution of < 50 nm with significantly improved image quality.     

特高压GIS现场安装用全封闭移动式厂房研制与应用

特高压GIS现场安装用全封闭移动式厂房是一种用于户外GIS设备安装的新型工装,能够在工程现场营造一种全封闭的安装环境,克服外部环境对GIS安装的影响,保证GIS安装质量,提高安装效率,并为安装人员提供良好的工作环境。介绍了特高压GIS现场安装用全封闭移动式厂房的研制背景、基本结构形式与应用方式、工程应用情况及社会经济效益等内容。特高压GIS现场安装用全封闭移动式厂房在皖电东送工程、浙北—福州特高压交流输变电工程中进行了试用及全线推广应用,取得了非常好的效果,目前已确定在后续全部特高压交流工程中普遍应用。     

湿热气候变电站防腐工程设计与防腐工程实践

针对中国西南地区典型湿热气候电网设备锈蚀严重的实际情况,以四川某110 kV变电站为例,开展了湿热气候变电站防腐工程设计及防腐工程实践,力求达到"电网设备10年不生锈"的目标要求.该工程设计合理,施工严格,监督到位,质量可靠,效果显著,并成为四川电网在湿热气候环境下变电站防腐施工的标准化流程和典型案例,在四川电网全面推...     

计算机视觉技术及其在电力系统自动化中的应用

随着视频技术和红外成像技术在电力系统中的广泛应用，图像信息在电力系统自动化中所起的作用越来越重要，而且对图像信息分析与理解的要求也越来越高，使得在一些应用场合必须利用计算机视觉技术由计算机替代监控人员进行图像理解。文中从计算机视觉的两个方面——图像识别和三维重建——介绍了计算机视觉技术的基本内容，在已有的或设想的一些应用实例的基础上，探讨了计算机视觉技术特别是图像识别技术在电力系统自动化中应用的必要性和应用前景。     

Engineering for humanitarian development

Although the work of engineers has contributed enormously worldwide to economic development and quality of life, the unintended consequences of engineers' work also have often caused harm to natural and social systems. Furthermore, the engineers' work is delivered predominantly to developed nations, leaving underdeveloped nations without adequate facilities and infrastructure to build sustainable economies. While these effects have been criticized for at least three decades, the engineering community has struggled with how to respond. Topdown approaches for delivering aid to underdeveloped nations have had questionable results. At the same time, and surprisingly, engineers have not been closely involved in the technical aspects of these aid efforts. What is needed is a new form of engineering project delivery, an approach that meets the technical and social challenges involved in working in underdeveloped communities, but at the same time delivers appropriate and sustainable solutions. A new form of engineering education is needed, one that covers a wide range of technical and non-technical issues, including water provisioning and purification, sanitation, public health, power production, shelter, site planning, infrastructure, food production and distribution, and communication.     

计算机视觉技术及其在电力系统自动化中的应用

随着视频技术和红外成像技术在电力系统中的广泛应用，图像信息在电力系统自动化中所起的作用越来越重要，而且对图像信息分析与理解的要求也越来越高，使得在一些应用场合必须利用计算机视觉技术由计算机替代监控人员进行图像理解。文中从计算机视觉的两个方面——图像识别和三维重建——介绍了计算机视觉技术的基本内容，在已有的或设想的一些应用实例的基础上，探讨了计算机视觉技术特别是图像识别技术在电力系统自动化中应用的必要性和应用前景。     

Pathophysiological expression and analysis of far infrared thermalimages

Clinical far infrared (FIR) imaging is a measurement technique applied to images of temperature distribution on the skin surface. It is a noninvasive analysis tool for physiological functions related to skin-temperature control. The imaging modality has been termed thermography, tele-thermography, or infrared thermography. FIR image processing for medical use has been developed independently in each thermography system because each sensor and scanning system was developed independently. The lack of standardized image handling has been a great barrier to the popular use of FIR imaging systems in clinical medicine. However, recent FIR sensor technology has brought forth some standard output protocols. Therefore, there is now a better opportunity to develop standard FIR image-processing software for medical imaging. This article is the first proposal for such trials. Computer processing methods have been developed and tested that make it possible to reduce diagnostic ambiguity and complexity. This article proposes eight thermophysiological expressions, called thermatomes, as well as standardized analytical procedures using computed image processing. These methods have demonstrated the possibility of a standardized thermographic image diagnosis procedure     

A project-oriented power engineering laboratory

This paper presents a power engineering educational laboratory suitable for undergraduate and graduate students. The laboratory development is based on the new academic system, called “Institut Universitaire Professionnalise (IUP)”, initiated in France. The pedagogical approach taken is one where the students revisit previously studied material placed in a practical context. This approach supports the prerequisite lecture material and allows study of some practical issues which are best handled in a laboratory setting. The experimental format gradually puts the students in touch with industrial realities. The laboratory experience culminates in a project, based on a computer aided design (CAD) technique, where the student analyzes, designs, simulates and demonstrates electric machines and power systems related topics     

Does PET/MR in human brain imaging provide optimal co-registration? A critical reflection

The introduction of hybrid positron emission/magnetic resonance tomography (PET/MR) in diagnostic clinical imaging was a major step in the evolution of ever-more sophisticated imaging systems combining two strategies formerly regarded as technically incompatible in a single device. The advent of PET/MR opened up many new avenues in clinical and research environments, mainly by providing multi-modality images obtained during a single examination. Ideally, simultaneous data acquisition with hybrid PET/MR should warrant exact image co-registration of all multi-modality image volumes provided by both systems. This assumes that there is negligible mutual electronic, technical and logistical interference on the respective simultaneous measurements. Recently, such hybrid dedicated head and whole-body systems were successfully applied in an increasing number of cases. When employed for brain imaging, PET/MR has the potential to provide high-resolution multi-modality datasets. However, it also demands careful consideration of the multitude of features offered, as well as the limitations. There are open issues that have to be considered, such as the handling of patient motion during extended periods of data acquisition, optimized sampling of derived images to ease the visual interpretation and quantitative evaluation of co-registered images. This paper will briefly summarize the current status of PET/MR within the framework of developments for image co-registration and discuss current limitations and future perspectives.     

火电站循环冷却水系统管控要点

在海外火电站总承包项目背景条件下,阐述了循环冷却水系统的重要地位和面临的新情况,结合具体工程实例,分别从设计、采购、施工三方面提出了对循环冷却水系统的技术管控要点。     

Digital signal processing with applications: a new and successfulapproach to undergraduate DSP education

The new approach to undergraduate digital signal processing education at Purdue is based on a simple idea: emphasize applications. Students are assumed to have a significant exposure to sampling and discrete-time signals, systems, and transforms at the junior level. In the senior course, the traditional digital signal processing topics of digital filter design, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), radix-2 fast Fourier transforms (FFTs), and quantization are covered in the first five weeks of the semester. Coverage of these topics is augmented by treatment in the laboratory component of the course using diverse software tools and by Matlab-based homework assignments. The remainder of the course is devoted to treating the topics of speech processing and image processing in substantial depth and involves a design project. The course has been very successful in terms of increasing enrolment and outstanding student evaluations     

基于EMTP的地网暂态计算模型

作为变电站电磁环境评估的重要内容 ,提出了考虑导体间互导纳及土壤电容效应的地网暂态计算不等电位模型和相应的基于EMTP的计算方法 ,使计算速度提高。不同地网仿真计算及与CDEGS比较的结果显示 ,对于工频短路或雷击变电站的情况 ,该模型满足工程要求。该方法应用于变电站地网模拟计算中 ,可快速准确地进行地网设计工作 ,从而提高地网设计效率     

Student Engagement in a Structured Problem-Based Approach to Learning: A First-Year Electronic Engineering Study Module on Heat Transfer

Problem-based learning has been at the core of significant developments in engineering education in recent years. This term refers to any learning environment in which the problem drives the learning, because it is posed in such a way that students realize they need to acquire new knowledge before the problem can be solved. This paper presents the experience of a structured problem-based learning approach to the teaching of an introductory study module on heat transfer in the first year of an Electronic Engineering graduate program. A heat sink design problem was posed to students at the beginning of the module. Small groups of students worked on a cooperative learning project for eight weeks, while the teacher acted as the coach and the facilitator of knowledge acquisition. Partial, though not extensive, written reports were collected each week and the student assessments of the learning environment were measured. The paper closes with a list of recommendations intended to assist academics interested in adopting a similar approach.      

照明与CO2的减排

为应对全球气候变暖,世界各国纷纷提出了节能减碳的目标。绿色照明是照明节电、减少环境污染和保护生态平衡的系统工程,是节能减碳的一项重要的手段。2011年是中国＂十二五＂的开局之年,加快推广实行绿色照明工程,减少CO2的排放,以确保中国对世界的承诺,有着重要的意义。本文就照明产品与CO2的减排数据进行了具体分析,对人们选用照明产品和减排CO2具有指导意义。实行绿色照明不仅可以节电节能,还可以减少CO2的排放,缓解温室效应,从而保护地球的环境。     

Excess activated sludge reduction by using electromagnets and ferrite particles

Every year, the ratio of the sewarage treatment to population is increasing in Japan. Expansion in sewer networks is leading to the production of excess sludge which is one of the major problems in wastewater treatment plants. There are several approaches to treat the excess activated sludge. A new approach is to reduce excess sludge production by using magneto‐ferrite treatment. The Suzuki Lab of Akita University, Japan, is working on this project. We have succeeded in using magneto‐ferrite treatment in the lab scale to reduce sludge production. Ferrite particles and magnets are used in this method. Ferrite particles are nontoxic and safe for biological systems. They can be easily separated from the sludge by using magnets. However, the movement of the ferrite particles in the sludge is controlled by permanent magnets which can be made more effective by changing to electromagnets. In this paper, we describe an approach to use electromagnets instead of permanent magnets. Electromagnets can be controlled easily with an AC power supply. The results of our experiments have shown a good possibility for reduction of excess sludge. © 2011 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

MR image reconstruction algorithms for sparse k-space data: a Java-based integration

We have worked on multi-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data acquisition and related image reconstruction methods that aim at reducing the MRI scan time. To achieve this scan-time reduction we have combined the approach of ’increasing the speed’ ofk-space acquisition with that of ‘deliberately omitting’ acquisition ofk-space trajectories (sparse sampling). Today we have a whole range of (sparse) sampling distributions and related reconstruction methods. In the context of a European Union Training and Mobility of Researchers project we have decided to integrate all methods into one coordinating software system. This system meets the requirements that it is highly structured in an object-oriented manner using the Unified Modeling Language and the Java programming environment, that it uses the client-server approach, that it allows multi-client communication sessions with facilities for sharing data and that it is a true distributed computing system with guaranteed reliability using core activities of the Java Jini package.