平头压头下基体对压痕规律的影响研究

本文通过对软薄膜/硬基体两相材料体系的平头压痕弹塑性模拟.重点研究了平压头压入过程中,不同屈服强度比(软薄膜屈服强度与硬基体屈服强度之比)以及不同压头尺寸下硬基体对压痕规律的影响.研究发现硬基体对压痕规律的影响与屈服强度比近似满足线性关系,且这种线性关系不随压头尺寸的改变而改变,相同压头半径下,屈服强度比越大,影响就越明显;相同屈服强度比下,压头半径越大,影响就越小.研究还发现压头压入过程中,材料的堆积对压入深度没有影响.     

平头压痕试验确定铝合金2A12的蠕变剩余寿命研究

基于平头压痕理论和蠕变损伤理论,提出了采用平头压痕试验和拉伸蠕变试验相结合的方法来确定铝合金2A12的蠕变剩余寿命.具体思路为:(1)由拉伸蠕变试验(通过控制试验时间)获得不同损伤的试样;(2)针对受损试样,由压痕加卸载试验确定不同损伤所对应的卸载曲线顶部斜率;(3)通过计算获得拉伸蠕变试样的损伤量;(4)得到卸载曲线顶部斜率与损伤的关系曲线,并以此为标定曲线推断出铝合金拉伸蠕变损伤试样的剩余寿命.     

采用压痕实验确定线性强化弹塑性材料的弹性模量

利用有限元分析,该文尝试将双锥形压头压痕实验确定幂强化材料力学特性的方法应用于线性强化材料弹性模量的识别。研究发现,得到的弹性模量的误差与弹性模量和屈服极限的比值及线性强化参数m之间有密切的关系:弹性模量与屈服极限的比值小于45.4时,弹性模量的识别误差很小,可以认为识别结果不受材料线性强化特性的影响;弹性模量与屈服极限的比值大于45.4时,在线性强化参数m满足文中给定的条件时,可以认为识别结果不受材料线性强化特性的影响。     

球形压痕的凸起凹陷行为及其对硬度测量的影响

采用球形压头的数值模拟表明,当应变硬化指数n大于0.23时,不论屈服应变σy/E为何值,在压入过程中所有材料的压痕周围均出现凹陷;当n小于0.23时,随着σy/E的增大,材料由凸起向凹陷转变;当σy/E大于0.02时,不论n为何值材料也都出现凹陷;当σ y/E小于0.02时,材料出现凸起向凹陷的转变,当比值残余压痕深度/最大压入深度(hf/hmax)小于0.76时,材料出现凹陷,n值越大凹陷越严重;当hf,/hmax＞0.76,若n＜0.23材料出现由凸起向凹陷转变,若n＞0.23材料均发生凹陷,还得到了反映凸起凹陷的表观参量C2与接触面积Am之间的函数关系,分析了C2对压痕硬度误差的影响规律.     

Ti-Si-N超硬复合表面纳米压痕测量过程的有限元仿真

为了深入了解Ti-Si-N纳米复合表面的力学性能,尝试采用有限元方法对纳米压痕测量的加一卸载过程进行了模拟.详细介绍了该三维有限元仿真过程的各个细节,包括对标准Berkovieh压头的建模和相关参数的确定,以及对Ti-Si-N表面模型边界条件、压头与表面接触方式和加一卸栽方式的处理.采用有限元的非线性算法对一个Ti-Si-N表面纳米压痕测量的实验曲线进行了拟合.通过有限元仿真得到了Ti-Si-N样品的屈服极限和应力-应变关系.该研究表明,采用有限元仿真与纳米压痕测量相结合是研究纳米复合表面非线性塑性性能的有效方式.     

材料局部性能的球形压痕评价技术研究进展

简介了近几年采用球形压痕法在测试材料性能方面的最新发展和应用.首先概括了球形压痕理论的研究与发展,重点介绍了球形压痕法的应用研究.采用球形压痕法并结合有限元模拟可以获得材料的弹性模量、屈服强度、拉伸强度、应变硬化指数、断裂韧度和应变速率敏感度等性能.通过球形压痕法与通常测试方法比较的结果证实,球形压痕法可以有效评价材料的性能,随着研究和应用工作的不断深入,球形压痕技术有可能在不远的将来成为评价材料局部性能最方便、最简单且相当准确的方法.     

残余应力对固体氧化物燃料电池弹塑性性能的影响

半电池结构NiO-YSZ/YSZ由于弹性模量不同和热膨胀系数不匹配,导致烧结过程中产生残余应力. 残余应力对于燃料电池的性能和使用带来一定的影响, 本文把残余应力引入到计算薄膜性能的逆向分析模型中, 建立了考虑残余应力影响的薄膜的纳米压痕分析模型. 利用纳米压痕方法测试了离双层材料界面不同距离处的载荷-位移曲线和相应的材料性能, 用本文建立的模型计算了不同点的性能的变化, 发现离界面越远, 电解质YSZ薄膜的硬度越大. 将热力分析得到的残余应力场作为压痕模拟的初始应力场, 计算三棱锥压头下压痕载荷-位移曲线, 结果显示考虑残余应力时的载荷-位移曲线更接近实验曲线, 并给出了残余应力下压痕形貌图, 发现有残余应力时的压痕形貌更深更大.     

钛合金锥形压痕约束因子和代表应变的确定

目的 研究钛合金性能参数与约束因子和代表应变的关系。方法 对不同性能参数条件下压痕变形过程进行有限元仿真,根据模拟结果建立约束因子和代表应变与材料性能间的定量关系。结果 发现钛合金屈服强度与压痕硬度之间存在线性关系。约束因子随着弹性模量的增加而增加,代表应变随着弹性模量的增加而减小。当弹性模量固定不变时,约束因子随屈服强度线性减小,代表应变固定不变。在材料性能范围内,使用代表应变求解的代表应力,与通过压痕硬度和约束因子求解的代表应力两者误差小于±3%。结论 材料性能不同,约束因子和代表应变的值也会变化,这两个参数并不存在统一的值。     

有限元结合纳米压痕法确定ZnO薄膜的压电系数

为准确表征横观各向同性ZnO薄膜材料的压电性能,以沉积在硅基底上的ZnO薄膜为研究对象,结合有限元法和纳米压痕法确定了ZnO薄膜的压电系数.正向分析,用ABAQUS软件的压电模块模拟了纳米压痕实验,分别确定了薄膜压电系数与最大加载力、加载曲线指数之间的无量纲方程.反向分析,对ZnO薄膜/硅基底体系进行纳米压痕实验,将实...     

Mathematical Analysis on the Uniqueness of Reverse Algorithm for Measuring Elastic-plastic Properties by Sharp Indentation

The reverse analysis provides a convenient method to determine four elastic-plastic parameters through an indentation curve such as Young s modulus E, hardness H, yield strength σy and strain hardening exponent n. In this paper, mathematical analysis on a reverse algorithm from Dao model (Dao et al., Acta Mater., 2001, 49, 3899) was carried out, which thought that only when 20 ≤E*/σ0.033≤ 26 and 0.3相似文献   

Finite element analysis of the indentation stress characteristics of the thin film/substrate systems by flat cylindrical indenters

The indentation stress characteristics of thin film/substrate systems by the flat cylindrical indenters have been simulated by means of the finite element method (FEM). The emphasis was put on the stress distribution ahead of the indenters. The influences of the friction coefficient between the indenter and the thin film, the thickness and hardening modulus of the thin film have been considered. It is found that the stress distribution was not affected by the friction coefficient. But the influence of the thickness and hardening modulus of the thin film on the stress distribution was obvious. At small indentation depth, the plastic deformation occurs at the edge of the indenter only, and the zone will propagation both vertically and laterally with the indentation depth increasing. When the indentation depth reaches a certain value, the thin film at the interface will occur the deformation plastic zone for the case studied in this paper. At lager depths, the two plastic zones will connect, and then the plastic zone propagates along the lateral direction. Beside, it is also found that the maximum of the Mises stress and the shearing stress on the interface occur at 0.8r and r(r is the radius of the indenter), respectively.     

球压法在线评价脆性材料的强度特性和残余应力

针对接触应力和压痕临界载荷的应力分布,通过应力梯度效应讨论分析了产生球压裂纹中的几个传统强度理论无法解释的问题.利用均强度准则提出了一种脆性材料局部强度和表面残余应力的压痕测试方法,并建立了一种简便的强度保证试验技术,对脆性构件的非破坏性能评价有实用意义.     

A Reverse Numerical Approach to Determine Elastic-plastic Properties of Multi-layer Material Systems with Flat Cylindrical Indenters

In the present study, the indentation testing with a flat cylindrical indenter on typical multi-layer material systems was simulated successfully by finite element method. The emphasis was put on the methods of extracting the yield stresses and strain-hardening modulus of upper and middle-layers of three-layer material systems from the indentation testing. The slope of the indentation depth to the applied indentation stress curve was found to have a turning point, which can be used to determine the yield stress of the upper-layer. Then, a different method was also presented to determine the yield stress of the middle-layer. This method was based on a set of assumed applied indentation stresses which were to be intersected by the experimental results in order to meet the requirement of having the experimental indentation depth. At last, a reverse numerical algorithm was explored to determine the yield stresses of upper and middle-layers simultaneously by using the indentation testing with two different size indenters. This method assumed two ranges of yield stresses to simulate the indentation behavior. The experimental depth behavior was used to intersect the simulated indentation behavior. And the intersection corresponded to the values of yield stresses of upper and middle-layers. This method was also used further to determine the strain-hardening modulus of upper and middle-layers simultaneously.     

Identification of Materials Properties with the Help of Miniature Shear Punch Test Using Finite Element Method and Neural Networks

This paper describes an approach to identify the mechanical properties i.e. fracture and yield strength of steels. The study involves the FE simulation of shear punch test for various miniature specimens thickness ranging from 0.20mm to 0.80mm for four different steels using ABAQUS code. The experimental method of the miniature shear punch test is used to determine the material response under quasi-static loading. The load vs. displacement curves obtained from the FE simulation miniature disk specimens are compared with the experimental data obtained and found in good agreement. The resulting data from the load vs. displacement diagrams of different steels specimens are used to train the neural networks to predict the properties of materials i.e. fracture and yield strength. Two different feed forward neural networks have been created and trained in order to predict the Fracture toughness and yield strength values of different steels. L-M algorithm has been used in the networks to form an output function corresponding to the input vectors used in the network. The trained network provides the output values i.e., fracture toughness and yield strength of unknown input values, which are within in the range of data that is used for the training of network.     

竹束杨木单板复合板偏轴拉伸力学性能研究

为了研究结构用板材——竹束杨木复合板在偏轴拉伸条件下的性能,采用与主纤维方向成0°、15°、30°、45°、60°、75°和90°共7种角度试样进行拉伸试验,得到7组试验的破坏模式、荷载-位移曲线、拉伸模量和强度。基于Hankinsion公式和Transformation law公式分析了竹束杨木复合板的偏轴模量,基于Hankinsion公式、最大应力(Maximum stress)理论、蔡-希尔(Tsai-Hill)强度理论和双曲线(Hyperbolic)公式对复合板材的拉伸强度进行分析。结果表明:竹束杨木复合板在偏轴拉伸情况下,主要出现纤维拉断破坏、剪切破坏和横纹拉伸破坏3种破坏模式。竹束杨木复合板的偏轴模量和偏轴强度均在45°时最低。Hankinsion公式和Transformation law公式均在不同程度上高估了竹束杨木复合板的偏轴拉伸模量,最大应力理论和Tsai-Hill强度理论在一定程度上能够预测这类板材的强度,但存在一定的差异,而改进的Hankinsion公式更能准确地预测竹束杨木复合板的偏轴拉伸模量和强度。     

基板温度对真空热蒸发沉积纯锌镀层组织性能的影响

通过真空热蒸发技术沉积得到一种耗锌量少且性能良好的锌镀层,研究了不同基板温度对所得锌镀层组织形貌、微观结构、腐蚀行为和附着力的影响。结果表明,当基底温度低于100℃时,镀层中存在排列紧密的柱状晶,当基板温度超过150℃后,镀层的微观结构发生明显变化。随着基板温度的升高,镀层表面电子转移的阻抗降低,基板温度为100℃时所得镀层的自腐蚀电位较正。随着基板温度的升高,镀层的附着力呈现先降低后增强的趋势,在25℃和50℃下沉积的镀层试样以及GI镀层试样中出现较为明显的镀层剥离现象。