基于USB接口的AFDX网络TAP卡设计与实现

AFDX网络以其传输时间确定性、高可靠性和实时性等优点,成为新一代大型飞机航空总线的最佳选择之一。作为一种具有巨大应用潜力的新型的机载网络,AFDX网络的仿真测试至关重要。针对AFDX网络系统提出了一种TAP（test access point,测试访问接口）结构的测试卡设计方案。在设计的过程中,充分考虑了接入方式对网络传输的影响和数据捕获速率对主机接口的要求,采用串联植入方式设计出一款基于USB2.0接口的TAP卡及协议解析和数据统计软件,为AFDX网络的性能评估和系统级验证提供了方法和依据。通过在AFDX仿真验证平台中的实测结果,证明了该TAP卡具有灵活性强、测试精度高、实时性强等特点,完全满足AFDX网络测试及监控需求,为相关测试系统的研制提供了设计思路和实践经验。     

AFDX网络系统建模与仿真实现

对于AFDX这种新型航空数据网络系统,采用网络仿真技术对其进行实时性和确定性研究是非常必要的。实现AFDX系统的仿真,首先需要AFDX的网络仿真模型,建模成为了仿真系统实现的核心问题。在研究和分析AFDX系统及仿真需求的基础上,采用UML语言,并运用例图、类图、状态图和动态序列图建立了完整的AFDX网络仿真模型,并依据所建的模型实现了AFDX网络系统的仿真。通过仿真分析了AFDX网络端到端的时延和抖动,验证了AFDX网络的性能。     

基于AFDX总线的A320模拟器硬件仿真方案研究

AFDX总线是一种全双工、高数据率、双冗余的总线,现已被应用于新一代飞机,它具有可靠性高、稳定性和实时性好的优点.针对其优点,提出了一种以AFDX总线为通信协议的驾驶舱仿真方案.该方案以AFDX交换机为核心,用模块化划分各个终端系统(ES)并建立网络系统,交换机负责整个网络的终端系统间的数据管理.在此基础上提出了整个模拟器系统的总体结构,驾驶舱硬件仿真设备终端系统的接口电路设计,并进一步提出数据传输协议以满足传输实时性的要求.     

AFDX虚连接自适应调度策略设计与实现

研究了航空电子全双工交换式以太网端系统虚连接调度方法;针对AFDX网络的不确定性问题,提出了一种基于混合优先级的动态抢占式的虚连接调度策略,该算法在调度的过程中,实时地动态计算混合优先级,综合考虑了航电紧急数据和流量整形的要求,能动态地自适应调整调度算法,平衡网络负载;通过OPNET仿真工具对实例进行仿真,结果显示此算法能明显地减少网络延迟,抑制传输过程中的抖动现象,提高AFDX数据传输性能,较传统FCFS算法具有较高的优越性,能满足航空电子数据传输实时性要求。     

航空全双工交换式以太网探究

针对传统航空总线不能满足下一代航空电子系统对高速和实时性数据通信的要求,提出航空全双工交换式以太网（AFDX）。描述AFDX通信网络的特点、结构、通信机制和协议栈,并给出AFDX终端系统和网络交换机的设计思路,阐明硬件结构和软件流程,对AFDX通信网络的研究具有一定的参考和推广价值。     

基于时延分析的AFDX智能网络管理模型全局调度算法研究

为了更好地解决航空电子AFDX网络在应用上的不确定性问题,通过对AFDX网络时延进行分析,在建立AFDX智能网络管理模型的基础上提出了全局调度算法,该算法从AFDX网络全局角度出发,动态实时地调整调度算法、平衡网络负载,通过NS-2进行网络仿真,结果显示此算法能够有效地减少数据的最大延迟抖动,明显提高了AFDX网络的数据传送效能,更好地满足了航空电子网络数据传输的实时性要求,使AFDX网络运行更加高速可靠.     

AFDX终端测试技术的研究与实现

AFDX(航空电子全双工切换以太网)作为大型客机和运输机上的主流机载通信网络,其应用越来越广泛,对AFDX网络及设备的测试需求也必将与日俱增;针对这一需求,提出了一种AFDX终端测试技术的实现方法;该方案使用大规模FPGA和高性能嵌入式处理器,实现了一个AFDX终端系统及终端测试功能;应用结果表明其较好地满足了航空电子网络数据传输的实时性和可靠性需求,并能对AFDX网络的功能和主要性能指标进行测试;该测试终端具备最大128个虚拟链路、1~128ms带宽分配间隙,可进行协议解码分析、故障注入与检测、误码率测试以及IRIG-B时戳等测试功能。     

一种改善AFDX网络级联传输时延特性分析的方法

文中分析了AFDX级联网络中数据传输时间延迟的不确定性问题及造成该问题的内在原因,对传输时延的组成部分和影响因素进行描述,指出应用AFDX网络技术应先充分验证端到端时延上界值是否符合系统容限要求。介绍了计算时延上界值的网络演算方法的基本原理及其利用对虚拟链路进行分组优化的算法理论,将该算法应用到某实验环境中的AFDX级联网络配置实例中,计算出实例中各数据流的时延上界并对计算结果的悲观性进行分析,最后得出优化后的算法来分析传输时延更能趋近实际的上界值。     

AFDX网络协议研究

介绍了AFDX网络的产生背景及发展历程;解析了ARINC664规范各个部分的功能及与开放式系统参考模型的关系;总结了AFDX网络相对于商用以太网的特点和AFDX网络与机载系统的关系,通过对AFDX在A380等飞机上的应用研究,归纳了基于AFDX网络的航空电子系统的特点;AFDX网络已成功应用于工程实践,该网络具有完整的协议结构,具有高实时性、高确定性和高可靠性的特点,是一种新型的机载网络总线。     

AFDX网络协议研究

介绍了AFDX网络的产生背景及发展历程;解析了ARINC664规范各个部分的功能及与开放式系统参考模型的关系;总结了AFDX网络相对于商用以太网的特点和AFDX网络与机载系统的关系,通过对AFDX在A380等飞机上的应用研究,归纳了基于AFDX网络的航空电子系统的特点.AFDX网络已成功应用于工程实践,该网络具有完整的协议结构,具有高实时性、高确定性和高可靠性的特点,是一种新型的机载网络总线.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。