BOD_5测定条件的选择

目前公认的“20℃5天内”BOD是美国公共卫生协会标准方法委员会于1936年规定的测定条件。本文主要是根据该厂污水处理场接纳的废水水质利用BOD、COD、TOC的相关性选择确定BOD_5的测定条件。由于该方法出于实践并切实可行,因此具有推广应用的意义,其它单位借鉴此法去寻找适合于本单位的废水BOD_5测定的条件。     

化工污水有机物总量诸参数间相关性的研究

采用一元线性回归法,求出多种化工污水和生活下水的BOD、COD、TOC、TOD、油份、紫外吸光强度与TOC之相关结果,并对其测定值分别做了研究。求出了COD/TOC、BOD/TOC。结果表明,在水质来源一定的情况下,诸参数间有较好的相关性。     

油田采出水软化器外排含盐废水COD测定问题研究

本文主要针对采出水软化器排放的含盐废水存在波动大、不确定、(化学需氧量)COD异常高的问题。首先,对软水机排放的含盐废水水质与现场提供的COD监测数据进行了分析。结果显示,其中盐废水中氯离子的浓度为128904.46mg/l,属于高氯废水,产生浓度过高的原因主要是因为氯离子对于盐废水产生干扰。然后,研究了氯离子对废水中COD准确测定的干扰及降低干扰的方法。结果表明,用常规重铬酸钾法测定高含氯废水中COD时,氯离子干扰之后会产生很大误差。应用低浓度重铬酸钾法和硫酸汞掩蔽法对盐废水中COD浓度进行联合测定,结果符合国家COD标准。浓度是386.1mg/L,测定了模拟含盐废水和软化剂排放含盐废水的TOC。结果表明,COD测定结果具有一定的准确性和可靠性。     

天然气净化厂Cansolv尾气处理装置废水处理

目的 解决Cansolv尾气处理装置胺液净化单元(APU)废水高盐、高有机物与还原性硫的高浓水质特征影响水处理系统的稳定运行问题。方法 详细分析了两个天然气净化厂的文丘里和APU废水的水质特征,其中,APU废水成分复杂,是影响水处理系统稳定运行的关键。采用臭氧(O₃)、O₃耦合催化剂、臭氧/双氧水(O₃/H₂O₂) 3种氧化技术处理APU废水,通过废水中COD值和TOC值变化来评价有机物降解效果,研究了反渗透膜污堵原因和O₃/H₂O₂降解有机物机理。结果 O₃/H₂O₂氧化技术为去除废水中有机物的最优方法,当200 mL废水中O₃质量浓度为22 500 mg/L、H₂O₂投加量为2 mL、反应时间为60 min时,达到最佳处理效果,COD去除率为60.8%。结论 采用O_3<...     

A/O工艺处理混合化工废水技术获奖

由吉化集团公司研究院与吉化污水处理厂共同开发成功的“A/ O工艺处理混合化工废水”科技新成果 ,日前获中国石油天然气集团公司 99年度科技进步一等奖。该项成果采用 A/ O生物脱氮工艺 ,其工艺流程简单 ,处理效果明显。以混合化工废水自身的有机物为碳源 ,不需外加碱 ,是解决混合化工废水氨氮超标问题的最经济的方法。同时保证出水 COD、BOD5达标。应用该工艺处理混合化工废水 ,COD去除率 >70 % ,BOD5去除率达 93% ,氨氮去除率 >75 % ,出水氨氮 <2 0 mg/ L。目前 ,吉化污水厂已建成一套处理量为 1万 m3/ h装置 ,运行正常。A/O工艺…     

胜利炼油厂污水中COD、TOD、BOD_5、TOC相关关系的考察

<正> 一、前言长期以来,评价污水中有机物污染程度,国内外基本上是用 COD 和 BOD_5。近年来,一些先进国家用总有机碳(TOC)、总耗氧量(TOD)来评价。国内也有不少单位把TOC、TOD 列入水质评价的指标,并有几个     

处理腈纶废水的组合工艺

介绍了用超声波、短程硝化反硝化与Fenton试剂氧化的组合工艺处理腈纶废水过程。采用超声波对腈纶废水进行预处理,使出水的BOD/COD指标由0.098提高到0.200,提高其可生化性;再与其它丙烯腈生产废水混合,采用短程硝化反硝化来进行后续生化处理,以去除大部分有机物及含氮化合物;Fenton试剂法对生化出水中残留的难生物降解污染物作了进一步深度处理。结果表明:该组合工艺对COD与NH_4~+-N的平均去除率分别达到72.9%和97.2%,使出水COD质量浓度降到60 mg/L以下。     

压裂返排液中有机物含量的表征方法探讨

针对压裂返排液成分复杂,处理过程中有机物含量难以表征这一特点,以压裂返排液中主剂羟丙基瓜尔胶为研究对象,分别采用测定体系化学耗氧量(COD)和总有机碳(TOC)方法研究了有机物含量、氯离子含量和氧化处理对其含量表征的影响。结果表明:COD表征压裂液返排液的有机物含量有较大局限性,TOC比COD更适合表征羟丙基瓜尔胶溶液中有机物的含量。     

多效蒸发及汽提工艺处理丁辛醇装置含碱废水

丁辛醇装置缩合系统在反应过程中排出一部分含碱废水,其中COD大于40000 mg/L,经多效蒸发及汽提系统处理后的废水COD小于500 mg/L,可回收部分有机物,既有较好的经济效益,又减轻了下游污水处理压力。     

CQS1.2/0.6型采气废水处理装置

针对油田采气废水COD、BOD5浓度高 ,采气站点分散 ,单个站点采气废水量小 ,原有处理工艺复杂、成本高等问题 ,研制了CQS 1 2 / 0 6型采气废水处理装置。装置由电凝反应器、溶气气浮系统、过滤系统和电气控制系统 4部分组成 ,这种装置以电凝聚处理为主体 ,辅以溶气气浮和机械过滤处理工艺 ,采用整体橇装型式 ,可车载运移。现场采气废水的处理试验表明 ,装置在去除采气废水中的油、悬浮物、色度及COD等方面都具有较好的效果     

油田废水的生物处理

油田生产及生活中产生的废水,含有大量的有害物质,造成环境污染。介绍了油田废水的特点。废水生物处理法包括活性污泥法、生物滤池法、生物转盘法、生物流化床法和生物处理塘法等。利用废水BOD_5和COD比值法、微生物累积托氧量曲线法及COD去除率法可对废水可生物处理性进行评价。     

Reduction of organic matter from municipal wastewater at low cost using green synthesis nano iron extracted from black tea: Artificial intelligence with regression analysis

Nanotechnology especially green synthesis nanoparticles is the modern technology for the adsorption and degradation a wide range of wastewater contaminants. The prepared Green Synthesis nano Zero Valent Iron (GT-nZVI) extracted from soft black tea was characterized using XRD, SEM, and EDAX analysis. This study explores different nonlinear adsorption and kinetic models that can describe the adsorption mechanism of organic matter represented in COD and BOD onto GT-nZVI. The effect of GT-nZVI on COD and BOD removal were studied at different pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, stirring rate, and concentrations. The results indicated that GT-nZVI is effective in the removal of COD and BOD from wastewater, where the removal efficiencies of 87.9 and 100% were achieved for 600 ± 15.0 and 100 ± 11.8 mg/L COD, respectively, and 91.3 and 100% for 365 and 60 mg/L BOD, respectively. Also, GT-nZVI is a highly effective material for wastewater contaminants removal and pass the Egyptian Ministerial Resolution No. 92 of 2013 limits with Operating and Maintenance Cost 0.440 $ USD. The adsorption isotherm data of COD and BOD fitted well to Freundlich and khan, respectively, and Pseudo Second Order kinetic model. Artificial neural network importance data agree with the result of response surface methodology in simulating the adsorption of organic matter onto GT-nZVI indicating the most significant coverable is adsorbent dose. Finally, this study appropriates using GT-nZVI in highly salted municipal wastewater rather than traditionally activated sludge treatment techniques.     

化工污水生化处理效果的影响因素及控制

分析了影响活性污泥法处理化工污水处理效果的主要因素，探讨了进水ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤ５、碱度、溶解氧、污泥浓度、Ｎ－Ｐ营养盐浓度的影响机理，提出合理控制生化系统关键指标，提高生化处理效果的措施。     

采油污水达标外排现场试验研究

采用膜生物反应器(MBR)-曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺处理辽河油田的采油污水.经在辽河油田兴一联现场试验验证,这种处理方法可有效去除采油污水中污染物质,油、BOD5、氨氮去除率能够达到90%左右.膜生物反应器中GOD容积负荷达到1.97 kg/(m3@d)时,MBR-BAF系统GOD平均去除率仍保持在70%以上,出水清澈透明,无异味,可实现采油污水的达标外排.并具有不需投加化学药剂、不产生二次污染等优点.     

欢四联稠油污水处理达标外排技术研究

针对辽河油田欢四联稠油产出污水水温高、含油及COD合量高,而BOD5低,污水可生化性差,其处理水外排不达标的具体问题,在分析研究产出污水处理效果主要影响因素的基础上,提出了适合于欢四联稠油产出污水处理达标外排的新思路与技术方案。实验研究表明,采用高效水质净化技术及水质改性技术均可使稠油产出污水处理外排达标,高效水质净化技术具有水处理成本低、处理工艺流程简单、投资省的优点,是一种适用于欢四联现场应用的外排水处理方案。     

用芬顿试剂预氧化提高硝基苯废水的可生化性

硝基苯废水是极难生化降解的有毒污染物，使用常规方法难以对其进行净化处理。芬顿试剂（Ｆｅ＾２＾＋＋Ｈ２Ｏ２）作为一种强氧化剂，在投加量足够多的情况下，可使硝基苯氧化分解，但此一步处理法工艺成本高，很难实际应用。笔者以芬顿试剂为预氧化剂，对硝基苯废水进行了预氧化处理试验天空，紫外光谱分析和可生化测定结果表明：低剂量的芬顿试剂可以实现对硝基苯部分氧化降解。当化学耗氧量（ＣＯＤ）预氧化去除率达５０％时，出     

对苯二甲酸污水好氧生物流化床预处理试验研究

应用生物流化床水处理技术对对苯二甲酸（PTA）污水进行了处理量为300～400L/h的侧线试验研究，结果表明：在进水COD为1000～3600 mg/L、水力停留时间为7～8h的情况下，COD平均去除率达91%，BOD容积负荷平均可达3.82kg/(m3?d)。该工艺抗冲击能力强，处理后的污水COD小于500 mg/L，达到企业预处理要求。     

Effect of Microbial Count of P. aeruginosa on Biodegradation of Crude Oil Contaminated Water

Abstract

The effect of microbial count of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria amended with 20 g of nitrogen-phosphorous-potassium (NPK) fertilizer (15:15:15) on the biodegradation of crude oil-contaminated water was studied. Four samples, S ₁, S ₂, S ₃, and S ₄, with equal crude oil pollution load were inoculated with, 1 × 10⁵ cfu, 2 × 10⁵ cfu, 4 × 10⁵ cfu and 8 × 10⁵ cfu of P. aeruginosa respectively, and 20 g of NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer. The control sample, Sc, had only 8 × 10⁵ cfu P. aeruginosa and no fertilizer.

Parameters such as oil and grease content, pH, BOD, COD, and turbidity were monitored over a nine-week period. At the end of the biodegradation period, a high percentage of oil and grease content was removed. The value reduced from 185.0 to 41.50 mg/L, 24.6 mg/L, 20.5 mg/L, 13.2 mg/L, 10.9 mg/L for S _c , S ₁, S ₂, S ₃, and S ₄ respectively. There was also a drop in BOD, COD, turbidity, and pH of the samples under consideration. The S ₄ sample had the highest reduction in both BOD and COD values. The initial value dropped from 82.0 to 27.5 mg/L and 158.4 to 64.8 mg/L for the BOD and COD, respectively. These values obtained fall within the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) limits. The oil and grease content for S ₄ sample was also reduced from 185 mg/L to 9.95 mg/L, while the pH value for this same sample, S ₄, was 6.60 after the nine-week period of investigation.     

Degradation of Wastewater Containing Nitrobenzene by High Gravity-Ultrasonic/Ozonation/Electrolysis Technology

The integrated high gravity-ultrasonic/ozonation/electrolysis technology was applied in the pretreatment of wastewater containing nitrobenzene.The effect of pH value,high gravity factor,liquid flow-rate and electric current density on removal of COD and nitrobenzene compounds was investigated.Experimental results have determined the optimal process regime involving a high gravity factor of 100,an electric current density of 20mA/cm2,a liquid flow-rate of 100L/h,and an initial liquid pH value of 11.After the wastewater had been treated for 180 min,the degradation of nitrobenzene and COD reached 99% and 80%,respectively,with the biochemical coefficient(BOD/COD) equating to 0.64,and the subsequent treatment of wastewater could be carried out by conventional biochemical means.Compared with traditional aerationozone contactors,a rotating packed bed with high mass transfer characteristics could be used to increase the ozonation treatment efficiency.