Effect of Nanoparticles on Mechanical and Flame-retardant Properties of Polyether-Block-Polyamide Polymer Nanocomposites

In this study, polyester elastomer-based thermoplastic (TPEE) nanocomposites were fabricated for flame-retardant applications. Small amounts of graphene and nanoclay were added to the nanocomposites to investigate their effects on the mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites. The addition of a phosphorous flame-retardant additive resulted in a significant improvement of the Young’s modulus and thus yield stress in the synthesized nanocomposites as compared to those made with the virgin TPEE. There was no synergistic improvement in mechanical properties with the addition of graphene and nanoclay to the nanocomposites. However, thermal properties, mainly the heat deflection temperature and fire performance (UL-94 V0), were improved significantly by the addition of graphene and nanoclay and a synergistic effect was observed. Heat distortion temperature and thermogravimetric analysis were used to analyze the thermal properties of the nanocomposites. The UL-94 testing method was used to investigate the fire performance of the nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the polymer fracture surface morphology. The dispersion of the graphene and nanoclay particles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy analysis.     

聚合物／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究进展

综述了蒙脱土(MMT)的结构特征、蒙脱土的有机化改性、聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料(PMN)的制备方法以及聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构特性及性能特点。     

Short Review on Sepiolite-Filled Polymer Nanocomposites

Latest developments in mineral clay nanocomposites area are reviewed in this report, with a specific focus on sepiolite clay mineral. Rigorous research has been conducted on the sepiolite clay mineral by both academicians and industrial researchers. The properties of the nanocomposites are significantly dependent on the polymer matrices, their nature, modification, and preparation technique. Thus, preparation, structure, and characteristics of polymer sepiolite nanocomposites are thoroughly discussed, in addition to the scientific literature to support and find any gaps for future research.     

聚合物纳米复合材料结晶行为研究进展

综述了聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料及聚合物/刚性纳米粒子复合材料中基体树脂的结晶行为,并分析了纳米粒子影响聚合物结晶过程的机理。     

高分子/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究应用现状及发展前景

高分子/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料因其具有优越的性能、广泛的应用前景而成为目前材料科学研究的热点。简要介绍层状硅酸盐粘土的结构与性质;总结了高分子/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备方法以及目前国内外的研究进展;综述了高分子/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的应用现状;展望了高分子/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的发展前景。     

聚合物纳米复合材料微孔发泡及其影响因素的研究概况

结合聚合物异相成核的空穴模型,分析了含添加剂的聚合物异相成核理论。纳米级添加剂粒子比微米级添加剂粒子具有更小的尺寸和更大的表面积,与聚合物基体的接触更加紧密,因此其发泡制品具有更好的泡孔结构和性能。分析了聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料用超临界CO2发泡过程的影响因素。结果表明,剥离型纳米复合材料具有更小的泡孔尺寸和更大的泡孔密度。聚合物纳米复合材料与连续挤出发泡过程的结合为微孔发泡提供了一项新的技术。     

聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究进展

介绍了蒙脱土的结构特点，聚合物／蒙脱土复合材料的帛备方法和分类，讨论了各种聚合物／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能特点和应用。聚合物／层状硅酸盐蒙脱土纳米复合材料具有优异的性能，是目前材料学科研究的热点之一。     

Hybrid Polymer/Clay Nanocomposites: Effect of Clay Size on the Structure of Multilayered Films

The influence of size and surface area of two different types of clay on the structure and characteristics of PEO/clay nanocomposites in the form of multilayered films is discussed. To search for new synergistic properties and/or improve the properties of nanocomposite films already known, we study polymer nanocomposites that have laponite as well as montmorillonite incorporated. While DSC measurements showed that higher laponite amounts gradually suppress the crystallinity of PEO in the nanocomposite, XRD measurements provided evidence that higher montmorillonite amounts ensure an improved final orientation of the clay platelets, parallel to the plane of the multilayered film.

     

熔融插层法制备聚合物/黏土纳米复合材料研究进展

对国内外熔融插层法制备聚合物／黏土纳米复合材料(PCN)的研究进展进行了介绍。介绍了影响PCN结构形态的几种因素;对熔融插层法制备PCN的热力学、动力学的研究进行了总结;介绍了熔融插层的机理和几种理论模型。并对聚合物／黏土纳米复合材料的开发及应用前景作出了展望。     

Review on Nanocellulose Polymer Nanocomposites

Recently, nanocellulosic materials have been received significant research interest as potential nanofiller for the reinforcements in the polymer matrices due to its renewable in nature, readily availability, biocompatibility, inexpensive, excellent physical properties, tailorable surface properties, etc. In this review, author attempted to provide an overview of various methods for nanocellulose reinforced polymer nanocomposites fabrications, properties of nanocellulose-based nanocomposites, and their applications. The review has been emphasized for the reinforcement of nanocellulose in various polymer matrices viz. hydrophilic, hydrophobic matrices. Nanocellulose reinforced polymer nanocomposites have huge potential in diverse applications which ranges from biomedical, packaging, electronic to environmental, water treatment fields etc.     

聚合物/氧化石墨纳米复合材料的研究进展

氧化石墨因具有层状结构,能够以插层复合的方式与聚合物形成聚合物纳米复合材料。本文介绍了氧化石墨的结构、性能特点以及聚合物/氧化石墨纳米复合材料的研究进展情况,包括聚合物/氧化石墨纳米复合材料的制备方法、种类、结构与性能特点、应用前景与研究展望。     

Recent Advances in Boron Nitride Based Hybrid Polymer Nanocomposites

Boron nitride (BN) is an eminent inorganic compound having many interesting characteristics such as improved oxidation resistance, mechanical strength, good thermal conductivity (TC), higher bandgap, high chemical stability, thermal stability, high hydrophobicity, and electrical insulation. The use of BN as a filler in polymers is a well-established strategy to tailor the properties of polymer composites. Recent studies depict an interesting urge to reap the synergistic effect of various nanofillers with BN in the form of hybrids. Hence the consolidation of the works on BN based hybrid fillers would definitely attract researchers so that these new filler systems could be transformed into useful polymer nanocomposites in future. This review article focuses on the synthesis and characterization of various boron nitride based hybrids in detail. Moreover, the review also throws light on different BN hybrid reinforced polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) and their thermal, electrical, electronic as well as biomedical applications in a detailed manner. Thus the review anticipates serving as a tool toward understanding the recent trends in the field of boron nitride hybrid based ternary polymer composites.     

聚合物基体中纳米无机粒子的团聚机理研究进展

针对功能性纳米无机粒子在聚合物基体中分散性差、易于团聚等问题,概括了团聚体的形成机理。基于团聚机理,重点阐述了近年来描述团聚体强度的数学模型。各种模型基于不同的假设,从不同的角度揭示团聚体强度与粒子自身特性、基体相渗透之间的关系。此外,提出了团聚力表达式的修正与完善方向。     

A Two‐Step Method Based on Micromechanical Models to Predict the Young's Modulus of Polymer Nanocomposites

A two‐step method is suggested to predict the Young's modulus of polymer nanocomposites assuming the interphase between polymer matrix and nanoparticles. At first, nanoparticles and their surrounding interphase are assumed as effective particles with core–shell structure and their modulus is predicted. At the next step, the effective particles are taken into account as a dispersed phase in polymer matrix and the modulus of composites is calculated. The predictions of the two‐step method are compared with the experimental data in absence and presence of interphase and also, the influences of nanoparticles size as well as interphase thickness and modulus on the Young's modulus of nanocomposites are explored. The predictions of the suggested model show good agreement with the experimental data by proper ranges of interphase properties. Moreover, the interphase thickness and modulus straightly affect the modulus of nanocomposites. Also, smaller nanoparticles create a higher level of modulus for nanocomposites, due to the large surface area at interface and the strong interfacial interaction between polymer matrix and nanoparticles.

     

粒径对煤矸石填充聚合物复合材料性能的影响

采用不同粒径的煤矸石粉填充高密度聚乙烯制备复合材料,研究了球磨时间对煤矸石粉体粒径的影响和粒径对煤矸石粉填充聚合物复合材料的力学性能的影响。结果表明：粒径对复合材料的性能影响明显,SEM照片显示超细煤矸石粉与HDPE相容性好;当粒径由100目提高到6000目,填充量为30％时,复合材料的弯曲模量提高了30．77％,弯曲强度提高了37．9％,拉伸强度也提高了20．12％,达到增强增韧的目的。     

Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Layer Aluminum-silicates

Abstract

The structure particular to layer aluminumsilicates is discussed permitting the intercalation of polymers. This process ultimately leads to nanocomposites that exhibit interesting properties. It will be shown that many improvements of physical properties can be achieved by polymer-clay nanocomposites.     

Effect of Reinforcement Orientation on the Mechanical Properties of Microfibrillar PP/PET and PET Single‐Polymer Composites

In situ PET microfibrils are created by drawing melt‐blended PP and PET. The drawn blend is used to prepare polymer/polymer MFCs, and isolated PET microfibrils are used for the manufacturing of MF‐SPCs. Samples are prepared with different fibril orientations to determine the effect of orientation on the mechanical properties of the two types of composites. The resulting composites show improvements in stiffness of 77% for uniaxial MFCs, and 125% for uniaxial MF‐SPCs, with the highest recorded modulus of 8.57 GPa for a uniaxial MF‐SPC sample. SEM observations confirm that the fibrillar structure and excellent alignment is maintained. The changes in the reinforcement effect with orientation are very similar to those predicted by the rule of mixtures for the crossply.

     

Shape Control of Pt Nanoparticles

A preparative method to control the shape of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles in the presence of sodium polyacrylate (PAA) or poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) is described. Regardless of the kind of protective polymer used, the dominant shape of Pt nanoparticles was controlled by changing the reduction rate of Pt⁴⁺ ions. Tetrahedral particles predominated by using H₂ reduction of H₂[PtCl₆]. Methanol reduction generated mainly truncated octahedral particles. It seems that the slow H₂ reduction of Pt⁴⁺ ions favorably leads to the formation of tetrahedral Pt nuclei enclosed with four {111} planes that have the lowest surface energy. The truncated octahedral nuclei are formed by the faster reduction with methanol. The selective growth of the {111} planes takes place at a lower polymer concentration and results in the generation of cubic nanoparticles.