羰基硫催化水解研究进展

综述了羰基硫水解催化剂载体和活性组分的选择，介绍了羰基硫水解反应机理和催化剂中毒失活的研究现状，并指出多组分混合或添加抗中毒助剂制备高活性、耐高氧羰基硫水解催化剂是未来这一领域的发展方向。     

羰基硫催化水解气氛效应及动力学研究进展

羰基硫催化水解是从原料气中间接脱除羰基硫的主要过程,在合成原料气精脱硫技术中起重要作用。从合成原料气主要构成如CO、CO_2、H_2、O_2、水蒸汽、H_2S和羰基硫等对羰基硫催化水解活性的影响,揭示了羰基硫催化水解的气氛效应,并综述了羰基硫催化水解动力学。认为改进催化剂活性组成和孔隙结构以及复杂气氛下动力学是羰基硫催化水解研究的主要领域。     

分子筛催化葡萄糖水解的宏观动力学

分别采用硅铝比为20~25和30的两种ZRP-5分子筛催化剂研究不同温度下葡萄糖水解动力学。研究结果表明,葡萄糖水解属于一级反应,反应温度显著地影响葡萄糖的转化。在相同反应温度下,前者作用下葡萄糖水解的表观反应速率常数大于后者。前者作用下葡萄糖水解的表观活化能为99.24 kJ/mol,后者作用下葡萄糖水解的表观活化能为108.99 kJ/mol。该反应动力学方程的葡萄糖水解转化率计算值与实验值吻合较好。     

新型有机硫水解催化剂的研制

介绍了LS-04新型有机硫水解催化剂的研制、表征及活性评价。该催化剂以氧化铝为主要原料,采用转动成型法制备载体,碱金属氧化物为活性组分,利用浸渍法制备而成。相比国外同类催化剂,该催化剂具有较高的侧压强度、更优异的水解活性及良好的活性稳定性,综合性能优于国外同类催化剂。     

TGH-3Q型羰基硫常低温水解催化剂及其应用

系统介绍了TGH-3Q宽稳区羰基硫水解催化剂的性能及在常低温不同情况下的使用情况，该催化水解过程的本征及宏观动力学规律和氧中毒的动力学特征。指出，研究开发动力学软件对使用催化剂的重要性。     

中低温羰基硫催化水解技术研究进展

对羰基硫水解催化剂、水解反应动力学和反应机理等研究现状进行了评述。指出添加抗中毒助剂制备高活性催化剂、将醇胺脱硫体系与水解法相结合以及采用水滑石吸附法同时脱除H₂S和COS是未来这一领域的研究热点。     

草酸二乙酯水解宏观动力学研究

在65～80℃对草酸二乙酯水解生成草酸的反应宏观动力学进行了研究,得到的草酸二乙酯水解反应速率方程可表示为rc=dcc/dt=kc0.5acc1-kc1.5c k=2.117×105exp(-3.479×104/RT) k=5.273×102exp(-1.398×104/RT) 并用实验数据对模型进行了检验.     

γ-Al_2O_3催化剂上羰基硫水解反应本征及宏观动力学研究

1 前言以煤、焦、渣油等为原料所制取的原料气中,羰基硫(COS)总是作为有机硫的主要形态与H_2S并存的。由于羰基硫化学性能比较稳定,很难以常规方法脱除,因而工业上多以氢解催化转化技术将其脱除;近几年来,在氢解技术的基础上,又开发了羰基硫水解转化新技术。氢解和水解反应的化学方程式如下:     

还原气氛中γ－906型催化剂上羰基硫水解动力学研究

于３０～７０℃、常压及还原气氛下，采用内循环无梯度反应器研究了Ｔ－９０６型催化剂上ＣＯＳ水解反应过程，实验数据以多元拟线性回归法处理得到本征动力学方程为：ｒｃｏｓ＝４·５９３×１０６ｅｘｐ（－ＲＴ）ｙｃｏｓｙＨ２ｏ宏观动力学方程为：ｒｃｏｓ＝１·０２５×１０５ｅｘｐ（－ＲＴ）ｙｃｏｓｙＨ２Ｏ确定了ＣＯＳ和Ｈ２Ｏ的反应级数分别为０．６６和０．０６．关键词：     

1,3—二氯丙烯水解反应动力学

本文研究了顺及反—１,３—二氯丙烯混合物水解反应过程的动力学。结果表明,利用１０％ＮａＯＨ水溶液,在６５～８０℃的条件下,顺及反—１,３—二氯丙烯的水解反应均为二级反应,顺、反异构体的表观活化能分别为８７５１ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ－１和１１３６０ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ－１,反应速率常数ｋ顺＝２６２×１０１０ｅｘｐ（－１０５２５６／Ｔ）,ｋ反＝１０９×１０１４ｅｘｐ（－１３６６３１／Ｔ）。     

还原气氛中γ-906型催化剂上拨基硫水解动力学研究

于30~70℃ 、常压及还原气氛下, 采用内循环无梯度反应器研究了γ-906型催化剂上COS水解反应过程, 实验数据以多元拟线性回归法处理得到本征动力学方程为：r_cos=4.593×10⁶exp（-35370/RT）y^0.66_COSy^0.06_H2O 宏观动力学方程为:r_cos=1.025×10⁵exp(-31266/RT)y^0.66_COSy^0.06_H2O 确定COS和H₂O的反应级数分别为0.66和0.66。     

A Kinetic Study on Corn Gluten Hydrolysis

In the present study, the hydrolysis of corn gluten was performed by using two commercial enzymes, Protamex and PTN, to investigate the reaction kinetics. The reactions were carried out for 10 min in 0.1 L of aqueous solutions containing 10, 20, 30 and 40 g protein L^–1 corn gluten at various temperature and pH values. The progress of the reactions was monitored by a pH‐stat method. It was found that the kinetics of corn gluten hydrolysis by Protamex and PTN obey the Michaelis‐Menten model and higher catalytic yields were obtained with Protamex than PTN at all of the experimental conditions applied.     

Hydrolysis Kinetics of 2-Pyridinecarboxamide, 3-Pyridinecarboxamide and 4-Pyridinecarboxamide in High-Temperature Water

abstract A kinetic study is reported here on hydrolysis of three pyridinecarboxamides in high-temperature water in the temperature range of 190-250 °C at 8 MPa. 2-Pyridinecarboxamide, 3-pyridinecarboxa...     

甲基丙烯酰胺硫酸盐水解动力学

本文通过对工业甲基丙烯酰胺硫酸盐(简称MAMS)水解动力学研究和对文献所列水解动力学实验结果的分析,提出了MAMS的水解机理,并导出了动力学方程表达式。在硫酸:水:甲基丙烯酰胺(MAM)=(1～3):(2～40):1(摩尔比)范围内,拟合本试验及文献的结果得到如下所示的MAMS水解动力学表达式:该表达式关联范围广泛,几乎适用于所有工业生产条件。     

Experimental Studies on the Catalytic Distillation for Hydrolysis of Methyl Acetate

In this paper, the feasibility of applying catalytic distillation for the hydrolysis of methyl acetate is studied experimentally. An optimum technological process for the hydrolysis is determined, based on experimental results and mathematical simulations. The methyl acetate conversion can be greatly increased, and the energy consumption reduced, for certain operation conditions via the catalytic distillation process.     

Kinetics of the catalytic destruction of cyanogen chloride

The catalytic destruction of cyanogen chloride (CNCI) in air has been investigated in a fixed-bed microreactor using a 2.15% Pt/α-alumina catalyst. If the feed stream contains water vapor, CNCl conversion as high as 98% can be achieved at 375°C and 170 000 cm³ h⁻¹ g⁻¹ space velocity. In contrast, the CNCl conversion in a dry inlet gas stream is 20% at 440°C and 46 000 cm³ h⁻¹ g⁻¹ space velocity. Water vapor in the feed stream significantly enhances the conversion of CNCl by providing an alternate hydrolysis pathway for destruction. It also promotes the complete conversion of CNCl to CO₂ and HCl with negligible selectivity to CO and Cl₂. The CNCl conversion decreases with increasing concentration in the feed stream. A kinetic model of the form r = kC_a/1(1 + K_pC_p) adequately represents the data in the presence of water vapor.     

气相色谱法与汞量法测定气体中微量COS和H_2S

对测定合成氨净化工序工艺气中硫氧化碳和硫化氢的两种方法即气相色谱法和汞量法进行了介绍 ,并与比色法和碘量法的测定数据进行了比较