The effects of ferritic transformation on hot ductility of medium carbon steel

The hot ductilities of Nb-bearing and Nb-free medium carbon steel have been investigated by the hot tensile tests. A high carbon steel (0.4%) was also tested as a reference to determine the relationship between transformation temperature and hot ductility. C and Nb are very effective in delaying the ferrite transformation so that the ductility trough extended to a lower temperature compared to Nb-free medium carbon steel. Decreasing the strain rate promotes the formation of grain boundary ferrite films at higher temperatures and, on the low temperature side, the intergranular failure could still occur even when the amount of ferrite reached 40% or more. The short time temperature oscillation accelerated the precipitation of grain boundary films at higher temperatures, extending the ductility trough to higher temperatures. The samples tested on different machines (direct heating and induction heating) exhibited different hot ductility behavior.     

冷速对低碳微合金钢高温塑性的影响

利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机在温度为1000~700℃的条件下进行了热拉伸实验,结合应力-应变曲线、析出物、断口组织形貌的观察及分析,研究了冷速对铸坯高温塑性的影响。结果表明,冷速的提高会降低低碳微合金钢的高温塑性,使第Ⅲ脆性区间变窄;冷速从1℃/s增加至3℃/s对钢中含Nb、Ti析出物的形貌、尺寸和γ-α相变开始温度区间无显著影响。较低冷速更有利于晶间铁素体的长大;铁素体薄膜的长大是第Ⅲ脆性区间塑性改善的主要原因。     

提高热成形钢塑性的工艺研究

塑性较低是传统马氏体钢热成形件的缺点之一.本文采用上模具水冷,下模具带温(2000C)的思路进行热成形试验,检测了热成形过程中的温度曲线和热成形件的微观组织和力学性能.结果表明,工件的冷却速度随模具温度的升高而降低,采用带温模具进行热成形,能够满足工件淬透性要求,获得全马氏体组织;还有利于提高工件的自回火能力,从而提高...     

SS400钢薄板坯高温塑性研究

通过Gleeble1500拉伸实验机对CSP生产SS400钢的热塑性研究,确定在700～850℃之间为连铸坯的低温脆性区,并且塑性的降低主要是由于薄板坯中AlN的析出和晶界网状铁素体的形成造成的,提高连铸坯顶弯或矫直温度(>850℃)可以避免或减少连铸坯表面裂纹的产生。     

冷变形低碳马氏体钢的回火塑性

研究回火温度对15钢冷变形低碳马氏体塑性的影响.获得板条马氏体的试样经大量冷拔变形后在200～600℃进行了回火处理并测试了抗拉强度和伸长率.结果表明,随回火温度的提高拉伸强度连续降低,且伸长率在200～500℃范围内始终保持不变,当回火温度超过500℃后伸长率才开始急剧上升.而未冷变形的低碳马氏体钢在同温度范围回火时其伸长率随回火温度的提高连续增长.透射电镜分析结果表明,这种冷变形低碳马氏体的回火特性是,由于马氏体再结晶晶界上大量析出渗碳体所致.     

Ce对00Cr17高纯铁素体不锈钢热塑性的影响

利用Gleeble-2000热模拟试验机研究了不同Ce含量的00Cr17高纯铁素体不锈钢的热变形行为,并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对实验钢在不同温度下的显微组织进行了观察和分析.结果表明:在00Cr17高纯铁素体不锈钢中添加稀土Ce完全抑制了900～1050℃的中温脆性区的产生,改善了1350℃以上的高温脆性区内的热塑性.Ce抑制中温脆性区产生的主要原因是Ce抑制了Cr23C6在晶界上的析出,而改善高温脆性区的热塑性是因为Ce减少了硫、磷等低熔点杂质在晶界的富集,抑制了高温时部分晶界优先熔化而造成的开裂.     

回火温度对Si-Mn低碳贝氏体钢塑韧性的影响

采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、透射电镜研究了不同回火温度对Si-Mn低碳贝氏体钢的力学性能、微观组织、残留奥氏体、冲击断裂裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明,提高低碳贝氏体钢回火温度,降低残留奥氏体量,增加残留奥氏体的稳定性,有利于塑韧性的改善。但回火温度达到500℃以上,残留奥氏体量都发生转变或分解,塑韧性会变差。稳定的残留奥氏体会增大裂纹扩展能量,从而改善塑韧性。     

Effect of ductility on dry sliding wear of medium carbon steel under low load conditions

The room-temperature dry sliding wear behavior of AI SI 1045 steel has been investigated with the aim of clarifying the effect of ductility on wear Sliding wear tests were carried out in the air using a pin-on-disk wear tester with loads ranging from 4 to 12 N The specimen with higher ductility showed a lower wear rate than the specimen with lower ductility though their hardness values are similar SEM observations of worn surfaces revealed that the wear begins with a microploughmg process, which was followed by steady surface-platelet formation and its detachment Microscopic observations of the wearing surfaces as a function of sliding distance clearly proved that higher ductility leads to delayed formation of the wear sheets together with their delayed detachment, which resulted in lower wear rates. It was found microscopically that ductility, rather than hardness, is a major controlling factor in determining wear rate when the wear proceeds through surface-platelet formation and its detachment.     

Cu-P合金化超低碳贝氏体钢的热塑性

为考察新型超低碳贝氏体钢连铸坯的热塑性,利用热模拟实验技术研究了Cu-P合金化超低碳贝氏体钢在750～1350℃温度范围的拉伸应力-应变行为,热塑性和拉伸断口的变化,分析了产生这些变化的原因和磷对热塑性的影响机理。结果表明：Cu-P合金化使超低碳贝氏体钢高温拉伸时发生颈缩的应变量减小,但在750～1300℃温区的断面收缩率均达到60%以上。钢中微量硼有效抑制磷在奥氏体晶界的偏聚以及降低先共析铁素体的相变温度是高磷钢保持良好热塑性的主要原因。在800～900℃热塑性的下降与形变诱发Nb（C,N）粒子析出有关。根据热塑性和抗拉强度的变化规律,建议连铸坯在一冷区采取强冷,使表面温度迅速降低到1350℃以下,在二冷区采取弱冷,温度保持在800℃以上,从而使连铸坯始终具有较高的热塑性。     

CSP生产Q235B钢的热塑性研究

通过Gleeble1500拉伸实验机对CSP生产Q235B钢的热塑性研究,确定在700～950℃之间为连铸坯的低塑性区,并且塑性的降低主要是由于薄板坯中AIN的析出和晶界网状铁素体的形成造成的,提高连铸坯顶弯或矫直温度(＞950℃)有利于提高塑性,避免连铸坯表面裂纹的产生.     

Variation of hot ductility behavior in as-cast and remelted steel slab

Variations in the hot ductility behavior of as-cast and remelted steel slabs were investigated. The specimens were prepared directly from the surface of an as-cast continuous casting slab. The slab was then remelted to assess the effect of the same on the cast structure. A high temperature tensile test was used to obtain hot ductility data. In the case of 0.18 wt.% carbon steel, hot ductility improved with increasing strain rate for both as-cast and remelted slab specimens. Comparing the results obtained from the as-cast and remelted specimens, similar hot ductility values were observed in the low temperature range. At higher temperatures, however, the remelted slab specimen had a higher R/A (reduction of area) value. The decreased R/A value of the as-cast specimens in the high temperature region could be explained by the increase in the initial grain size due to the slow cooling of the large slab during continuous casting. This means a lower hot ductility value than that obtained from remelted specimen should be assumed in the case of the application of lab data to an actual continuous casting process.     

Effect of hydrogen on ductility of stable austenitic steel

Abstract

Straining in hydrogen at a pressure of2 bar, or in air after thermal charging in high pressure hydrogen, produces only minimal loss in ductility at particular strain rates for as received or solution treated samples of a stable austenitic stainless steel. However, cathodically charging at 80°C introduces a significant embrittlement that is associated with theformation during straining of brittle surface cracks whose depth increases with charging time. The latter effect is related to the depth of penetration of hydrogen and the transformation to martensite that is induced by the combined effect of hydrogen and stress. Removal of the hydrogen and the associated α martensite by subsequent vacuum annealing produces recovery of ductility. The application of a sensitising treatment before charging or testing in hydrogen gives results that are not significantly different.