腐殖酸改性聚丙烯酸高吸水性树脂制备及性能研究

以丙烯酸(AA)为单体,腐殖酸(HA)为改性剂,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,采用表面交联法制备腐殖酸改性聚丙烯酸树脂.在腐殖酸用量、交联剂用量、甲醇/水体积比、反应温度等参数的优化条件下,制得了腐殖酸改性聚丙烯酸高吸水性树脂,树脂吸水倍率达1093 g/g,吸盐水倍率达99.2 g/g.     

聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂的性能改善

采用水溶液聚合法合成了聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂，并通过改变聚合过程中的添加剂和进行吸水性树脂的表面交联反应处理，对产品性能进行了研究。结果表明在聚合过程中添加适当的添加剂和对产品进行表面交联反应处理，能显著地改善产品性能。     

表面交联高吸水性树脂的合成及吸液性能研究

采用水溶液聚合法合成了聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂(SAP),通过改变丙烯酸中和度和进行吸水性树脂的表面交联反应处理,考察SAP产品在常压及加压下(2kPa)吸生理盐水(0.9%NaCl水溶液)性能。结果表明,当丙烯酸中和度为80%(质量分数)时,以二甘醇为表面交联剂制备的SAP在常压及2kPa压力下吸生理盐水能力别为56 g/g和29 g/g。     

交联聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂的制备

以丙烯酸为原料 ,经中和、引发聚合和交联 ,合成了交联聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂 ,产品质量较好。     

聚丙烯酸钠盐高吸水性树脂

采用反相悬浮聚合法、逆相乳液聚合法或溶液聚合法合成自交联型、交联型聚丙烯酸钠盐高吸水性树脂,该树脂可吸收自身重量的几百倍的水。由于它的高吸水性,在压力下高的保水性和高的凝胶强度,被广泛用于纸尿布、卫生巾和土壤保水剂等。     

壳聚糖-硅藻土-聚丙烯酸高吸水性树脂

以丙烯酸,硅藻土为原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,通过接枝壳聚糖制备了壳聚糖-硅藻土-聚丙烯酸高吸水性树脂,并对高吸水性树脂的结构进行了红外光谱的表征,系统研究了引发剂、交联剂、硅藻土的用量,丙烯酸与壳聚糖的质量比,丙烯酸的中和度,反应温度以及反应时间对高吸水性树脂吸水率的影响。实验结果表明,丙烯酸与壳聚糖的质量比为12∶1,硅藻土的含量为1%,引发剂和交联剂的用量分别为2.5%和0.16%,中和度为70%,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为5.5h时,合成的壳聚糖-硅藻土-聚丙烯酸高吸水性树脂吸水(盐)率最高,分别为145g/g和30g/g。     

腐殖酸钠接枝型高吸水性树脂吸水保水性能研究

研究了腐殖酸钠接枝型高吸水性树脂在土壤中的吸水和保水性能,结果表明,所合成的高吸水性树脂在土壤中具有良好的吸水性和保水性能。同时还可降低土壤容重,调节空气及热量分布,提高种子的发芽率和生长耐干旱性能。     

表面交联后处理对高吸水性树脂性能的影响

将硫酸铝、丙三醇和乙二醇二缩水甘油醚溶于水配制成表面交联液,对水溶液聚合法合成的高吸水性树脂(SAP)进行表面交联后处理,研究了硫酸铝、丙三醇和乙二醇二缩水甘油醚用量,表面交联温度和表面交联液用量对SAP吸液性能和加压吸收量(AUL)的影响。运用FTIR和SEM对SAP进行了表征。结果表明,随着硫酸铝用量的增加,SAP的吸液倍率增大,AUL减小。而SAP吸液倍率随着乙二醇二缩水甘油醚用量和表面交联温度的增大而降低,AUL则随之升高。当w(丙三醇)=9%时,SAP吸水倍率和吸盐水倍率有最大值685 g/g和79g/g,当w(丙三醇)=12.7%时,AUL达到最大值33 g/g。当交联液用量为7.7 g时,SAP的综合性能最好。     

有氧状态下聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂的合成

在有氧状态下采用溶液聚合法合成了聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂,比较了温度、引发剂用量对单体混合物形成凝胶的时间以及树脂吸水倍率的影响,对有氧状态和无氧状态下聚合过程中的单体混合物的温度变化进行了对比,并测试了树脂的保水性能.     

聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂的改性研究进展

从提高聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂的凝胶强度以及耐盐性和稳定性、改善降解性能、控制吸水速度等方面,对聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂的改性方法进行了综述,提出改性工艺研究和改性原理研究、实现高功能化聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂的分子水平设计,是聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂改性研究的重要方向。     

Studies on poly(acrylic acid)/attapulgite superabsorbent composite. I. Synthesis and characterization

A novel poly(acrylic acid)/attapulgite superabsorbent composite was synthesized by graft copolymerization reaction of acrylic acid (AA) on attapulgite micropowder using N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator in aqueous solution. The effects on water absorbency of such factors as reaction temperature, initial monomer concentration, degree of neutralization of AA, amount of crosslinker, initiator, and attapulgite were investigated. These crosslinked superabsorbent composites were characterized by thermogravimetetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The graft copolymerization reaction of AA on attapulgite micropowder was characterized by FTIR. The water absorbencies for these superabsorbent composites in water and saline solutions were investigated and water‐retention tests were carried out. Results obtained from this study show that the water absorbency of the superabsorbent composite synthesized under optimal synthesis conditions with an attapulgite content of 10% exhibited an absorption of 1017 g H₂O/g sample and 77 g H₂O/g sample in distilled water and in 0.9 wt % NaCl solution, respectively. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1596–1603, 2004     

魔芋粉-丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚合成高吸水树脂

以魔芋粉,丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺等为原料,经接枝聚合合成了魔芋粉－丙烯酸－丙烯酰胺类超强吸水性树脂。讨论了引发剂,交联剂,丙烯酸,丙烯酰胺等用量以及反应时间和反应温度等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响。结果表明: 在魔芋粉与单体质量比为1:4,引发剂用量为0.35%（占单体的质量）,丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺（质量）为1:1,丙烯酸中和度为80% ,反应温度为55～65℃,交联剂用量为0.75%（占单体的质量）的条件下,制得的SAP吸去离子水可达720g/g,吸0.9%的NaCl溶液为110g/g。     

Synthesis of poly(acrylic acid)/sodium humate superabsorbent composite for agricultural use

A novel poly (acrylic acid)/sodium humate superabsorbent composite was synthesized by graft copolymerization reaction of acrylic acid (AA) on sodium humate micropowder using N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and potassium peroxydisulfate (KPS) as an initiator in aqueous solution. The effects on water absorbency of factors such as reaction temperature, initial monomer concentration, and degree of neutralization of AA, amount of crosslinker, initiator, and sodium humate were investigated. The superabsorbent composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and the graft copolymerization reaction of AA on sodium humate micropowder was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Results obtained from this study show that the water absorbency of the superabsorbent composite synthesized under optimal conditions for synthesis with a sodium humate content of 5.3% exhibited absorption of 684 g H₂O/g sample in distilled water. Water‐retention in soil is enhanced by the use of the superabsorbent composite. The effect of superabsorbent composite on the growth of corn is reported. The superabsorbent composite may be of use as water management materials for agriculture purposes in desert and drought‐prone areas. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5137–5143, 2006     

新型改性高吸水树脂P(AA-AM)的合成及性能评价

以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺为原料,合成出原位自交联高吸水树脂P(AA-AM)。通过正交实验得出最佳合成工艺为:n(丙烯酸)∶n(丙烯酰胺)=4.5∶1,单体浓度5%,中和度70%,交联剂0.12%,引发剂0.30%(以上均相对AM、AA总量而言);产物的最大吸液性能为:吸蒸馏水最大倍率QW=2 152.4 g/g,吸10%盐水最大倍率Q盐水=28.5 g/g;由于引入适量的AM,产物吸水率和吸盐率得到大幅度的提高,产物形态由最初的粘接颗粒变成分散颗粒。     

光引发壳聚糖接枝丙烯酸制备高吸水性树脂的研究

采用光引发的方式,将壳聚糖与丙烯酸进行接枝共聚反应,制备出高吸水性树脂,研究了壳聚糖与丙烯酸的质量比、反应温度、反应时间、交联剂用量等对接枝共聚反应的影响。结果表明,影响产品吸水倍率的大小顺序是:壳聚糖与丙烯酸的质量比、反应温度、反应时间、交联剂的用量,最佳用量依次分别为:8 g/g,65℃,2 h,0.3%,在此工艺条件下合成的高吸水性树脂最高吸水率可达301.12;影响接枝率的大小顺序为:壳聚糖与丙烯酸的质量比、反应时间、交联剂用量、反应温度,最佳用量依次分别为:10 g/g,3 h,0.1%,75℃。     

聚丙烯酸钾与腐植酸复合高吸水性树脂的合成研究

以腐植酸与丙烯酸聚合制备了高吸水性树脂,讨论了交联剂、引发剂以及KOH用量对聚丙烯酸与腐植酸高吸水性树脂吸水率的影响,结果显示在n(MBA)∶n(AA)=0.0005、n(KPS)∶n(AA)=0.0075、n(KOH)∶n(AA)约为0.70、温度为80℃的条件下合成时,其吸水倍率可达到最优值。而且在接近自然条件下(35℃)失水速度慢,保水时间可达100 h以上,重复吸水性能好。运用红外光谱分析了腐植酸与丙烯酸的反应机理。     

Synthesis and properties of a poly(acrylic acid)/montmorillonite superabsorbent nanocomposite

A novel superabsorbent nanocomposite was synthesized through the intercalation polymerization of partially neutralized acrylic acid and a sodium‐type montmorillonite powder with N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite as a type of mixed redox initiator. The effects of such factors as the amounts of the sodium‐type montmorillonite, crosslinker, and initiator and neutralization degree on the water absorbency of the nanocomposite were investigated. The structure and micrographs of the superabsorbent were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the acrylic acid monomer was successfully intercalated into the montmorillonite layers and banded together with them. The montmorillonite layers were exfoliated and basically dispersed in the composite on a nanoscale after the polymerization. The water absorbency of the nanocomposite was much higher than that of pure poly(acrylic acid). The optimum absorbency of the nanocomposite in distilled water and saline water (NaCl concentration = 0.9%) was 1201 and 83 g/g, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5725–5730, 2006     

新型黄原胶基高吸水性树脂的合成

在水溶性引发剂过硫酸钾的引发下,使丙烯酸（AA）在黄原胶（XG）分子链上接枝聚合,并加入N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺进行一定程度的交联,制备高吸水性树脂。研究了反应条件对产品吸水率的影响,利用傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射、偏光显微镜对接枝共聚物进行表征。实验结果表明：最佳合成条件AA与XG质量比m(AA) ∶m(XG)=6∶1,交联剂、引发剂与黄原胶的质量比分别为0.01和0.003,丙烯酸的中和度为70%,反应温度为60 ℃,反应时间为4 h。最佳合成条件下制备的树脂最大吸水倍数854 g/g,吸生理盐水倍数156 g/g。     

麦秸秆纤维素与丙烯酸接枝共聚制备耐盐性吸水树脂的研究

应用小麦秸秆与丙烯酸接枝共聚制备了耐盐性吸水树脂,进行了结构表征,研究了单体配比、丙烯酸中和度、引发剂和交联剂用量以及反应温度对吸盐水倍率的影响。研究发现,接枝共聚的适宜条件为:丙烯酸单体与麦秸秆质量比为8∶1,丙烯酸中和度为70%,引发剂过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠的用量为单体的3.5%,交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺用量为单体质量的0.24%,反应温度为70℃。在此条件下制备的树脂吸盐水倍率最高,吸盐水(CNaC l=0.9%)可达68 g/g,可应用于医疗卫生等方面。     

壳聚糖交联聚丙烯酸/马来酸酐吸水树脂的制备

以马来酸酐(MA)、丙烯酸(AA)为原料,过硫酸铵(APS)和亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂,N-马来酰化壳聚糖(N-MACH)为交联剂,采用水溶液自由基聚合反应合成了高吸水树脂,并用正交实验法对合成条件进行了优化,得到最佳合成条件。结果表明,当单体浓度为20%,交联剂的用量为0.03 g,AA中和度为50%,m(MA)/m(AA)为5%时,可以合成具有较好吸水性的高吸水树脂,在蒸馏水中的吸水倍率为1 560.42 g/g;合成的吸水树脂具有较好的吸水速度;不同种类盐溶液浓度的变化对吸水树脂吸水率的影响较大。