可组网电子温湿度测量仪的设计与实现

针对环境条件要求较高的校准、测试实验室和粮库、温室等多现场多测量点的温湿度测量,介绍了以计算机技术为核心,以PIC16系列单片机、DS18820温度传感器和HIH-3602C湿度传感器组成的温湿度测量仪系统设计方案;它能同时测量多路温湿度数据并把检测到的数据进行显示、报警、自动记录和保存下来,还可以通过RS485、局域网和管理软件系统,将管理计算机和多个测量仪系统灵活组成分布式温湿度监控、测量网络,实现了多现场多测量点的温湿度统一监视和测量;测温范围和精度:-50℃至 125℃,±0.1℃;测湿范围和精度:-40℃～ 85℃,±1%.     

基于AT89C2051单片机的大气温度采集和记录系统

系统以AT89C2051单片机为核心,能对大气温度进行定时测量.测量范围为-55℃～+125℃,精度最高可达0.0625℃,并可存储256个温度数据.系统还提供了能与PC机进行通讯的RS232接口.     

超高频无线温度传感系统

针对不利铺设线路的环境中进行多点的温度测量与数据采集,提出了一种基于超高频2.45 GHz的无线温度传感系统的设计方案。采用数字温度传感器进行温度采集,并通过无线方式与主机进行数据通信,完成数据无线通信、编解码、显示、存储等功能。系统测量范围为-10~55℃,精度可达0.125℃。最后,对测量的数据进行统计与分析,并得出相应的结论。     

高准确度温度变送器的补偿与校正方法

介绍了一种高准确度温度变送器,通过利用单片MAX1457实现了对温度变送器的零点和满量程进行温度补偿,并通过保存于EEPROM检索表内的120对数据进行高阶多项式拟合实现线性校正.实验和现场使用表明:该温度变送器具有较高的测量准确度(±0.3℃)和性能价格比.     

污水处理中溶解氧仪响应模型及测量干扰分析

给出了污水处理常用的电化学仪表--溶解氧仪的响应模型.该响应模型为一阶线性模型,利用溶解氧的间歇测量数据对响应模型进行了非线性拟合,确定了模型的参数;同时对连续测量数据进行了干扰分析.通过对测量数据的干扰分析.分别对三种不同的滤波器进行了对比.最后选择了低频滤波性能良好的IIR滤波器作为溶解氧仪数据的滤波器,满足了污水处理对溶解氧仪测量数据准确性的要求.     

基于DSP单总线温湿度复合测量系统的设计与研究

利用HiH-3610和DS2438获得相对湿度、工作电压和温度补偿数据,以DSP为数据采集处理器,综合利用单总线技术,设计了一种新型的温湿度度复合测量系统.该测量系统湿度测量范围:0%～100%,分辨率:±1%;温度测量范围:一40℃～ 125℃,分辨率:±0.5℃.实验证明该测量系统的硬件结构简单,测量精度高,具有较高的智能化程度,容易实现多点和远距离测量.     

基于CCD的玻璃厚度在线测量系统

浮法玻璃生产中需要对玻璃在高温区进行在线测量.研究了利用半导体激光和线阵CCD组成的在600℃高温条件下工作的玻璃厚度在线测量系统.系统采用循环水冷却方法使测头工作在正常条件下,利用软件对数据进行处理来克服高温气流等造成的随机误差.系统样机对玻璃厚度进行在线测量的精度达到15μm,测量范围为2～20 mm.     

基于Arduino+LabVIEW的高精度超声波测距系统设计

针对现场远程高精度测距的要求,提出了采用开源硬件Arduino和虚拟仪器LabVIEW通过无线通信测距的方法.下位机通过Arduino控制器对温度及距离进行测量并发送数据,上位机对无线接收的数据进行温度补偿算法处理以提高测量精度.测试结果表明,本系统在不同环境温度下测量时能准确修正数据,提高了测量精度,有一定实用推广价值.     

模糊C-均值聚类算法在动态汽车衡中的应用

为了提高动态汽车衡的测量精度,针对测量数据的信号处理问题,采用小波变换对动态汽车衡测量数据进行数字滤波.小波变换不但能滤除测量数据中的噪声信号,而且能很好地保留信号的突变部分.同时,通过提取5尺度小波系数作为模糊C-均值聚类算法的聚类样本,有效识别出最接近车辆实际质量的有用称重数据,提高了称重精度.试验结果表明,采用小波变换对动态汽车衡测量数据进行阀值滤波,并利用模糊C-均值聚类算法识别有用数据,对提高车辆称重的精度具有良好效果.     

一种用于检测转角、转速和转矩的新型多功能非接触式传感器

对一种基于纳米晶软磁合金的非接触式,用于测量转角、转速和转矩的多功能传感器进行了研究。介绍了传感器的结构和原理,推导出传感器的输出方程和灵敏度表达式。通过试验,分析了传感器激磁磁场强度对转矩测量精度的影响,并得出了最佳激磁磁场强度;在25℃～100℃范围研究了温度变化对传感器输出的影响,其零点温度漂移(25℃)为0.002%F.S/℃;在0～450 N.m范围进行转矩加载,得到了较高的测量灵敏度以及较低的线性度误差、重复度误差及迟滞静态误差;在500 r/min～3 523 r/min范围内,转速最大相对误差为0.60%。试验数据显示,该传感器的精度能够达到1.0%,对于一般工程应用是可行的。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.