一种基于层次栈的XML数据小枝查询算法研究

当前针对小枝模式的XML查询是XML文档查询的研究热点。文章在分析XML数据小枝查询处理常用算法的基础上,提出了一种高灵活性的、易确定结点对之间结构关系的EDiezt-P编码,并基于EDiezt-P编码和层次栈结构提出了一种自底向上的小枝查询算法。实验表明,该算法在一定程度上减少了查询处理时间,提高了查询效率。     

一种基于扩展区间编码的结构连接算法TwigELM

由于XML具有格式良好,自描述,可扩展等优点,使得XML成为网络上信息表达和数据交换事实上的标准。随着XML格式数据的广泛应用,如何有效地存储和查询XML格式数据成为当前研究的热点。为了有效支持XML结构查询,研究者已经提出了XML数据的各种编码方案。通过编码的方式将XML结构查询的计算转化为结构连接的计算。该文提出了一种新的XML文档树编码方案,并基于该编码方案给出了一种新的小枝模式查询算法TwigELM,实验表明,该算法可有效提高结构连接操作的效率。     

路径分区编码优化小枝查询

有效地存储查询XML文档已经成为当今数据库领域的研究热点。从XML文档的路径统计出发,提出了路径分区存储编码方案,并依此消除了小枝查询的后裔边和通配符。针对这类不含//和*的小枝查询,利用路径分区编码的特性,给出了基于结构约束节点的Twig查询算法,极大地减少了结构连接次数。实验表明,该算法能有效滤除无关元素,提高小枝查询效率。     

一种非归并不确定XML小枝模式查询算法

针对目前不确定XML小枝模式查询需要存储大量中间结果和归并中间结果的情况,提出一种非归并不确定XML小枝模式查询算法ProTwigList。该算法查询之前通过Tag+Level流进行剪枝,以减少待处理节点的数目;并扩展了区间编码来对剪枝后剩余的普通节点进行编码,用一定规则对分布节点进行标识;查询时采用公共分布节点路径的方法处理分布结点,最后结合最低公共祖先节点的概率计算查询结果的概率值。理论分析和实验结果证明了ProTwigList算法的查询效率。     

一种基于有序对的含父子边的小枝模式匹配算法

随着Internet的发展和网上XML数据规模的与日剧增,如何准确、高效地查询XML数据已经成为研究的热点问题.目前,已经提出了很多小枝模式匹配算法,但没有解决含有父子边的小枝模式查询.针对该问题,提出了一种基于有序对的新算法PCTwig,通过在查询树和文档树上分别建立父子关系的有序对来进行查询.查询过程中避免了产生中间结果,也不需要进行归并操作,实验证明该算法是有效的.     

改进的XML小枝模式匹配方法

近年来, XML数据查询成为一个重要的研究课题。处理小枝查询是XML查询实现的核心操作,针对小枝模式查询,提出了一种改进的小枝模式匹配算法。该算法通过剪去无用的数据流以减少待处理结点的数目,从而节省处理时间,提高查询的准确率。实验结果表明,该算法能够有效提高查询效率。     

CSBTT:一种基于二叉树遍历的XML文档编码模式

XML文档数据编码模式是XML文档查询处理的基础, 好的文档编码模式有利于提高文档的查询效率. 为了解决XML数据查询效率低、支持动态更新等问题. 本文在二叉树遍历的编码基础上, 引入二叉树的三叉链表存储结构对XML文档结点进行编码. 该编码利用自然数作为编码序号, 因此编码长度较短; 引入结点双亲指针, 方便结点之间结构关系的判定, 结点采用三叉树链式存储, 方便文档的更新操作.     

一种改进的基于小枝模式的XML数据库查询算法

XML已经成为Internet上一种普遍的数据交换标准,目前已经出现了多种对XML文档的查询方法。针对小枝模式的XML查询,提出了一种改进的小枝栈算法。该算法将路径栈算法的思想应用到它的主算法中实现了小枝模式查询。与仅使用路径栈算法相比,改进后的小枝栈算法在运行过程中不会产生中间结果,而且提高了找到小枝模式根元素后的查询效率。     

基于压缩叶子流的XML Twig查询

在XML数据库中的XML Twig查询是最近查询所关注的焦点,特别是基于整体的算法.很大部分查询算法是通过对XML文档进行编码来实现的,但是,这些算法忽略了文档中双生节点的共有特性.提出了用路径标记来代替已有的编码策略,通过路径标记策略,实现了一种新的基于压缩叶子流的Twig查询算法--CPJoin.不同于先前的算法,CPJoin不需要扫描文档中每一个节点,而是通过把具有相同特征的节点进行压缩来得到一个压缩流,只需要扫描对应查询叶子的压缩流,同时对于已有的两阶段算法,进行重组来减少中间结果的存储.最后,通过真实数据与合成数据上的实验结果来证明基于压缩叶子流的CPJoin算法,提高了Twig查询的性能.     

一种基于关键字的XML文档查询算法

对XML文档查询的常用方法有两种：一种是使用查询语言;另一种是使用关键字,而使用关键字查询XML文档比使用查询语言更为简单方便。给出了一种使用关键字查询XML文档的索引查找算法。该算法只需要扫描一次关键字对应的编码列,就可以找到需要的编码,提高了查询效率。实验表明该算法是可行的和有效的。     

A syntactic approach to twig-query matching on XML streams

Query matching on XML streams is challenging work for querying efficiency when the amount of queried stream data is huge and the data can be streamed in continuously. In this paper, the method Syntactic Twig-Query Matching (STQM) is proposed to process queries on an XML stream and return the query results continuously and immediately. STQM matches twig queries on the XML stream in a syntactic manner by using a lexical analyzer and a parser, both of which are built from our lexical-rules and grammar-rules generators according to the user's queries and document schema, respectively. For query matching, the lexical analyzer scans the incoming XML stream and the parser recognizes XML structures for retrieving every twig-query result from the XML stream. Moreover, STQM obtains query results without a post-phase for excluding false positives, which are common in many streaming query methods. Through the experimental results, we found that STQM matches the twig query efficiently and also has good scalability both in the queried data size and the branch degree of the twig query. The proposed method takes less execution time than that of a sequence-based approach, which is widely accepted as a proper solution to the XML stream query.     

TwigEN：一种新的小枝模式匹配算法

随着互联网的迅速发展,XML已经成为网上通用的数据表示与交换的标准。因此,如何有效地查询XML数据成为一个重要的研究课题。近年来,小枝模式匹配问题已被广泛地研究,提出了不少小枝模式匹配算法。在汲取各种小枝模式匹配算法优点的基础上,提出了一种新的小枝模式匹配算法TwigEN。根据XML文档结构它可以跳过那些在结构连接中无用的元素结点,这样不仅减少了待处理结点的数目,缩短了处理时间,而且也节省了内存空间。     

XML数据流中的后兄弟查询算法

针对在XML文档树模型中进行后兄弟节点查询时内存消耗大、匹配效率低等缺陷,提出一种基于XML数据流与栈的后兄弟查询算法。采用SAX解析器与结构连接方法,对XML文档中所有已知节点与后兄弟节点进行精确匹配并输出。结果表明,该算法具有适用范围广、占用系统资源少、匹配效率高等优势。     

Matching twigs in fuzzy XML

A considerable amount of twig pattern matching algorithms have been proposed to holistically process a twig query. Those algorithms mainly focus on twig pattern query with the AND-logic. However, there is often a need to process a twig query with the OR-predicates. Furthermore, the existing algorithms fall short in their ability to support twig query with OR-logic in fuzzy XML. To overcome this limitation, in this paper, we first introduce a novel encoding scheme to represent node information in fuzzy XML. Based on the encoding scheme, we then propose an effective algorithm for matching a twig pattern query with the AND/OR-logic in fuzzy XML. Our approach adopts a compact stack technique to process the complicated twig query consisting of both AND-logic and OR-logic. More importantly, our method eliminates re-scanning unnecessary portions of XML documents and redundant intermediate results. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate the performance advantages of our approach.     

Querying and ranking incomplete twigs in probabilistic XML

As the next generation language of the Internet, XML has been the de-facto standard of information exchange over the web. A core operation for XML query processing is to find all the occurrences of a twig pattern in an XML database. In addition, the study of probabilistic data has become an emerging topic for various applications on the Web. Therefore, researching the combination of XML twig pattern and probabilistic data is quite significant. In prior work of probabilistic XML, the answers of a given twig query are always complete. However, complete answers with low probabilities may be deemed irrelevant while incomplete answers with high probabilities are of great significance because incomplete answers may be the potential answers that interest the users. Different from complete evaluation, evaluating incomplete twigs in probabilistic XML introduces some new challenges. On one hand, incomplete queries do not only obtain complete matches, but also return answers that contain considerable incomplete matches. On the other hand, the processing of incomplete evaluation is more complicated. It is obvious that a ranking approach should be adopted along with evaluating incomplete answers. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm to handle the problem of querying incomplete twigs over the probabilistic XML database. We also present a novel algorithm for ranking the incomplete answers. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithms can improve the performance of querying and ranking incomplete twigs significantly.     

Efficiently Querying Large XML Data Repositories: A Survey

Extensible markup language (XML) is emerging as a de facto standard for information exchange among various applications on the World Wide Web. There has been a growing need for developing high-performance techniques to query large XML data repositories efficiently. One important problem in XML query processing is twig pattern matching, that is, finding in an XML data tree D all matches that satisfy a specified twig (or path) query pattern Q. In this survey, we review, classify, and compare major techniques for twig pattern matching. Specifically, we consider two classes of major XML query processing techniques: the relational approach and the native approach. The relational approach directly utilizes existing relational database systems to store and query XML data, which enables the use of all important techniques that have been developed for relational databases, whereas in the native approach, specialized storage and query processing systems tailored for XML data are developed from scratch to further improve XML query performance. As implied by existing work, XML data querying and management are developing in the direction of integrating the relational approach with the native approach, which could result in higher query processing performance and also significantly reduce system reengineering costs.     

PS+Pre/Post: A novel structure and access mechanism for wireless XML stream supporting twig pattern queries

XML data broadcast is an efficient way to disseminate XML data to a large number of mobile clients in mobile wireless networks. Recently, several indexing methods have been proposed to improve the performance of XML query processing in terms of access time and tuning time over XML streams. However, existing indexing methods cannot process twig pattern XML queries. In this paper, we propose a novel structure for streaming XML data called PS+Pre/Post by integrating the path summary technique and the pre/post labeling scheme. Our proposed XML stream structure exploits the benefits of the path summary technique and the pre/post labeling scheme to efficiently process different types of XML queries over the broadcast stream. Experimental results show that our proposed XML stream structure improves the performance of access time and tuning time in processing different types of XML queries.