光纤电视系统

随着我国经济的发展,光纤(有线)电视系统也将在全国有一个大发展。本文将目前光纤电视技术的发展情况用深入浅出的文字作一综合叙述,其中包括光纤电视和目前无线电广播电视在质量上的比较、光纤电视系统及其布线结构。对光纤电视系统的两项重要技术:调制及多路复用,作了进一步探讨,提出了有关光纤电视系统将来在技术方面的可能发展。最后作者对我国发展光纤电视系统提出了一些看法。     

A scenario for the deployment of interactive multimedia cabletelevision systems in the United States in the 1990s

This paper discusses the key technologies that are enabling the transition from analog to digital interactive television. Also discussed is a proposed three-phase scenario for the U.S. deployment of interactive multimedia cable television systems during the remainder of the decade of the 1990s and some of the social implications of such networks     

广电数字电视直播前端IP化改造的设计与实现

随着数字电视技术发展,广播电视直播前端IP化改造已经迫在眉睫。本文基于三级播控架构,提出了广电直播前端IP化改造的思路及构想:利用云转码技术实现信源格式的多样化;利用双向IP化分发实现用户接入终端的多样化。本文提出的IP化改造方案已在江苏有线直播前端IP化改造过程中付诸实践,有效地解决了现有设备的兼容问题。     

Technical advances in digital audio radio broadcasting

The move to digital is a natural progression taking place in all aspects of broadcast media applications from document processing in newspapers to video processing in television distribution. This is no less true for audio broadcasting which has taken a unique development path in the United States. This path has been heavily influenced by a combination of regulatory and migratory requirements specific to the U.S. market. In addition, competition between proposed terrestrial and satellite systems combined with increasing consumer expectations have set ambitious, and often changing, requirements for the systems. The result has been a unique set of evolving requirements on source coding, channel coding, and modulation technologies to make these systems a reality. This paper outlines the technical development of the terrestrial wireless and satellite audio broadcasting systems in the U.S., providing details on specific source and channel coding designs and adding perspective on why specific designs were selected in the final systems. These systems are also compared to other systems such as Eureka-147, DRM, and Worldspace, developed under different requirements.     

Broad-Band Systems Standards

The broad-band communications industry is small and fractionated (about 3100 cable television systems serving 8.5 million subscribers in the U.S.), but has a high potential for growth by offering a wide variety of communications services. If this large number of systems is to collectively provide nationwide services, performance and interconnection standards will be essential. In this paper we note relevant existing standards and examine highlights of ongoing standards-making activities.     

Development of integrated cable/telephony in the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom offers franchised cable television operators the unique opportunity to provision a competitive telephony service in addition to multichannel television services. The TeleWest Communications Group Plc., a joint venture between Telecommunication Inc. (TCI) and US West, have taken advantage of this opportunity to invest, operate, and assist in the operation of CATV/telephony in the United Kingdom. TeleWest owns or invests in 24 franchises, totalling approximately 3.6 million homes passed. Twenty-one of the 24 franchises wholly owned or invested in by TeleWest are offering competitive telephony as of the end of 1994. Others are set to start in the 1995-96 time frame. The article discusses the development of network architectures in support of TeleWest's cable/telephony opportunities in the United Kingdom. The article begins with an account of the history of U.K. cable/telephony, continues with the early developments and drivers of the architecture, discusses the current architecture and build, and concludes with an overview of future development and directions for the architecture     

区级有线数字电视网络改造中1550系统的应用

主要分析了1 550系统在区级有线数字电视发展中应用的优势,在原有线电视1 310 nm波长光纤联网的基础上,以1 550 nm波长的光纤系统传输广播电视信号到镇乡和城区节点,以提高传输质量。介绍了掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）在1 550 nm波长的光纤传输中的应用,论述了改造设计时应注意的问题。     

有线电视最佳测量方案的设计

有线电视正由模拟电视逐渐过渡到数字电视，有线电视正常运行需要各种监测与控制技术的保障，而广播电视技术的发展对有线电视测量技术的要求越来越高，广播电视测量用电子仪器的种类繁多，测量方法日趋多样化。从误差理论出发，从6个方面分析了有线电视测量中需要注意的问题，提出了有线电视在实际测量中最佳测量方案选取的原则和技巧。     

The Development of Cable Data Communications Standards

Commercially successful application of data communications technology to coaxial cable distribution networks requires the creation of systems useful to large numbers of subscribers sharing common communications procedures. Furthermore, it is desirable, particularly in entertainment CATV networks, that subscriber ownership of some or all terminal equipment and peripheral attachments be possible since such ownership enables the sharing of capital costs between the network operator and the subscriber. Systems designers are led inescapably to the need for standard interfaces and protocols. The paper describes some of the major types of cable data systems currently under development for both institutional and entertainment network applications. Common to both is the concept of a local interface unit to act as a link between the subscriber's terminal equipment and the cable drop. The design of the drop-side interface of this unit raises some major standardization issues. Another important issue is that of compatibility between data and video channels where both types of services are offered on the same cable television plant. The major thrust of present standardization activity has been founded upon the open systems interconnection (OSI) reference model and has taken place within a joint CVCC/EIA committee on teletext and within the IEEE Project 802.6 subcommittee on metropolitan area networks. The paper reviews this activity and explains the principal issues to be resolved.     

Satellites for communications and broadcasting: The evolving european market

The paper traces the development of the market for communications and direct broadcasting satellites in Europe, since the original specification of the European Communications Satellite (ECS) in 1977. It reviews the experiments undertaken on the Orbital Test Satellite (OTS) and the way in which demonstrations with this satellite have influenced the way in which ECS is being developed. It continues by considering the impact of television on the market, first cable television and its distribution requirements, then direct broadcasting by satellite, where the introduction of homes into the customer configuration will bring with it programme content as a salient feature in market development. Finally it speculates on the possibilities for the future, both in terms of the effect of new and higher frequencies on satellite communications systems, and the possible effects that interaction from small earth-stations could have on satellite design.     

基于Google Earth的农村有线电视网络资源管理系统

阐述了借助于Google Earth对农村有线电视网络进行数字化、可视化管理的应用方案,为农村有线电视网络资源管理提供了低成本、高起点的新尝试。     

Interactive Cable: Federal Policy and Programs

Urban development of cable, generally regarded as a prospective testbed of interactive cable services, has not started on the optimistic path many predicted when the current FCC cable regulations took effect in 1972. Cable growth, and industry emphasis, have been markedly within franchises rather than in new franchises recently. Economic rather than regulatory forces may have been largely responsible for this effect. This paper describes the factors in Federal regulatory policy that impinge on interactive cable systems and new service developments, including pay television, the first significant new service to emerge. Recommendations of the Cabinet Committee on Cable that are potentially significant for the development of new cable services, enhancement of rural broad-band services, and development of modern interactive systems are discussed. A few current programs compatible with the Committee's recommendations for Federal support in cable public service development are also indicated.     

企业有线电视台面临的主要问题与改革发展的思考

随着我国广电体制改革和频道专业化改革的不断深入,企业有线电视的发展存在着一些问题.着重从企业有线电视台如何调整节目布局,拓宽节目收视市场和创收市场,创新机制体制,转变经营理念,坚持以人为本,加快人才队伍建设步伐,增强竞争力等方面进行探讨.     

三门县有线电视数字化建设的几点思考

主要结合三门县有线电视数字化建设,分析影响有线电视数字化发展的主要因素和存在问题,同时提出自己的见解。     

有线电视前端设备运行监测软件的设计

设计一个统一的运行监测平台,利用微机对常年不间断工作的不同厂家、不同型号的有线电视前端设备运行数据进行实时采集和检测,对保证有线电视信号传输的稳定、可靠和安全播出有着十分重要的意义.主要讨论有线电视前端设备运行监测系统微机软件的设计.     

Hostile News: Partisan Use and Perceptions of Cable News Programming

Two trends have marked the development of U.S. cable television news in recent years: a blurring of hard and soft news and an increase in overt partisanship. This paper reports the results of 2 studies that provide insight into the nature and impact of these trends. The first study analyzes national survey data to identify the factors that lead political partisans to choose particular cable television news networks and programs. The second study employs experimental methods to demonstrate how viewers' partisan leanings influence their perceptions of content from CNN, Fox News, and The Daily Show. We found evidence of a relative hostile media phenomenon, in which partisans perceive more bias in programs that do not align with their own political perspective. Furthermore, the results indicate that partisanship informs viewers' perceptions of news content as interesting and informative.     

有线电视广播网结构的发展

分三部分说明有线电视广播网结构的发展。先是扼要介绍早年使用同轴电缆有线电视广播网。着重叙述现行的光纤与同轴电缆混合的有线电视网 HFC;估测光纤在有线电视网应用的发展前途。     

Visual communication systems: Trials and experiences

Over the last fifteen years, a wide variety of visual communication systems have been introduced. Past experience with their use for business teleconferencing, telemedicine, and two-way cable television services has fallen short of expectations. This experience is reviewed and issues are identified which may influence the direction of future applications.     

The design of large-scale networks

The application of computer techniques to difficult large-scale network problems is discussed. The physical characteristics of two types of systems are described--computer-communication networks and cable television distribution systems. Two fundamental algorithms are presented, and applications to routing, reliability, and design of computer networks are given. The detailed engineering decisions that can be made by computer in the design of practical large-scale networks are illustrated by example for cable television systems. These examples are chosen to indicate the richness and difficulty of the problem of applying computers to network design.