共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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油田管道室内静态结垢模拟实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前油田注水设备及地面管线严重的结垢现象已经影响到油田正常的生产运行,而油田常见的结垢物主要为碳酸钙、硫酸钙等盐类垢,因此有必要对油田管道盐类垢的形成及影响因素进行分析。对4种常见的盐类垢进行了室内静态结垢实验,重点研究了结垢温度、作用时间以及管道材质对结垢速率的影响。实验结果表明:在40℃和80℃时,垢质晶体的形成速率较慢,而在60℃时,垢质晶体的形成速率较快,相同温度下,不同晶体类型的结垢速率也存在较大的差异;不同盐类垢均在8 h内的结垢速率最大,随着静置时间的延长结垢速率逐渐减小;钢制挂片表面的结垢量明显大于聚乙烯管道的结垢量,说明钢制挂片与介质发生的氧化反应对垢质的形成具有一定的促进作用。 相似文献
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蒸汽加热器是油田生产中广泛使用的一个热交换设备,在原油开采、炼制、天然气加工等装置中占有较大的比重。南海某海上油田用蒸汽加热器的换热界面温度在190℃左右,热交换界面极易结垢,运用Scalechem结垢预测软件对其结垢趋势进行预测并与现场垢样分析结果进行对比,确定其主要结垢类型为Ca SO4垢。研究开发了一种可抑制高温下Ca SO4结垢的阻垢分散剂TS-50610F,当换热介质温度低于180℃时,阻垢剂TS-50610F的加入量达到150 mg/L,阻垢率可达到93%以上。 相似文献
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塔里木油田石化分公司引进的SNAM尿素生产工艺中,使用的工艺冷凝液汽提塔冷却器为一板式换热器。在使用过程中发现结垢比较严重,且结垢周期比较短,需要经常拆卸清洗。这不仅影响正常生产,还可能会造成换热器使用性能的下降。在检修中拆开换热器板片,发现结垢严重部分为冷侧,刮取板片上的污垢,通过X射线衍射仪和X射线荧光光谱仪分析,发现样品中所含主要化合物为石英(SiO2)、方解石(CaCO3)、磷酸钙(Ca3(PO4)2)以及MgCO3。分析了结垢成因,并提出了清洗换热器的措施。 相似文献
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油田进入高含水期,地面及集输系统的结垢问题日趋严重,针对新疆某油田的结垢特点,本文选取3个区块7口典型井,通过XRD测试油井结垢的主要产物,分析了结垢的原因,采用EDTA滴定法考察了时间、温度、pH值、成垢离子浓度对结垢的影响规律,同时用静态阻垢法评价了一种复配型阻垢剂的应用效果。结果表明:该油田结垢以CaCO3为主;结垢动力学在9h发生突变;随着温度升高,碳酸钙垢在水中的溶解度降低;pH值越高,形成垢的趋势越强;Ca2+、Mg2+和HCO3-浓度增加,结垢均增加,对垢的形成有一个促进作用。添加体积比为1:1的HX-1/WAS复配阻垢剂后,阻垢率达到93.9%以上,使用效果优良。 相似文献
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Scaling often leads to a series of technical and economical problems in industrial plants and equipments by blocking water flow in pipes or limiting heat transfer in heat exchangers. While most contemporary studies are focusing on crystallization at heat‐exchanger surfaces and scaling on nanofilters in desalination plants, very little work has been done investigating scale formation on pipe and vessel walls. A comprehensive investigation of the effects of various process parameters in controlling the formation of calcium sulfate scale in pipes was undertaken. Supersaturation ratio, run time, and operational hydrodynamics were altered systematically to determine their influence on the scale growth rate. The results confirmed that the deposition of gypsum on pipe walls was significantly affected by these process parameters. 相似文献
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为缓解循环水换热器结垢趋势及降低循环水系统总磷含量,公司将循环水配方由聚磷酸盐配方改为低磷配方,使用9个月以来效果明显。 相似文献
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结垢是油田注水普遍存在的问题,严重影响油田的正常生产,对此以新疆某结垢井区为例开展结垢机理分析和防垢技术研究。通过荧光光谱仪和电镜扫描分析垢样,结合水质分析和结垢趋势预测可知垢物以锶钡垢为主,成垢的主要原因在于:地层水锶、钙离子含量高,较高矿化度的采出水逐渐在井筒内壁形成垢层,且地层水与回注污水配伍性差。采用化学阻垢结合工艺防垢的方法,通过清、污水混配防垢技术最大程度去除成垢SO42-离子,选用油井井下释放式的投加方式投加溶度为100 mg/L的KZG-01。利用岩心驱替实验模拟地层真实情况实验,结果表明该方法有较好的阻垢效果且有效期长,可以用于指导现场施工。 相似文献
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Influence of solute type and concentration on ice scaling in fluidized bed ice crystallizers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
During crystallization of ice from aqueous solutions, ice crystals exhibit a marked tendency to adhere to the cooled heat exchanger wall resulting in the formation of an insulating ice layer, often referred to as ice scaling. A promising method to avoid ice scaling is the application of a solid-liquid fluidized bed heat exchanger in which fluidized steel particles remove the ice crystals from the walls. This paper presents experiments with a single-tube fluidized bed heat exchanger in which ice crystals were produced from aqueous solutions of various solutes with varying concentrations. The experiments reveal that ice scaling is only prevented when a certain temperature difference between wall and solution is not exceeded. This transition temperature difference appears to increase approximately linearly with the solute concentration and is higher in aqueous solutions with low diffusion coefficients. The observed phenomena are explained by the hypothesis that ice scaling is only prevented when the mass transfer controlled growth rate of ice crystals on the wall does not exceed the scale removal rate induced by the fluidized steel particles. In conclusion, a model based on these physical phenomena is proposed to predict ice scaling in fluidized bed heat exchangers. 相似文献