室温离子液体及其研究进展

室温离子液体是在室温或室温附近呈液态、具有离子特性的一种液体.因具有较低的熔点,良好的导电性和可以忽略的蒸汽压等优点,引起了科学界和工业界的广泛瞩目.近年来,随着研究的深入,室温离子液体已在化学分离、催化、电化学等方面发挥着重要作用,特别是室温离子液体作为高效绿色溶剂的应用方面越来越被关注.本文对室温离子液体的种类、特性及研究进展方面进行了综述.     

室温离子液体的研究进展

室温离子液体具有较低的熔点、良好的导电性和可以忽略的蒸汽压等优点，引起了科学界和工业界的广泛瞩目。近年来，随着研究的日益深入，室温离子液体已经被开发和应用到诸多领域。本文对室温离子液体的合成、结构、性能及应用等方面的研究进展进行了综述。     

离子液体的应用研究进展

离子液体是指在室温或接近室温下呈现液态的、完全由阴阳离子所组成的盐,也称为低温熔融盐。本文主要介绍了离子液体的特点以及离子液体在有机合成,萃取分离,电化学,纳米材料,清洁燃料,环境科学等方面的应用研究,并对离子液体的应用前景和离子液体开发的经济性提出了建议。     

离子液体应用研究进展

由于离子液体具有较低的熔点、良好的导电性和可以忽略的蒸汽压等优点,引起了科学界和工业界的广泛瞩目.随着研究的日益深入,室温离子液体已经被开发和应用到诸多领域.对室温离子液体应用的研究进展进行了综述,详细介绍了离子液体在电化学、化学反应、分离过程以及在新材料等方面的应用.并对该领域的研究前景作了展望.     

室温离子液体及其在香料工业中的应用

室温离子液体作为一种多功能的新型绿色溶剂,其应用十分广泛。本文简要介绍了室温离子液体的特性、制备方法,着重讨论了室温离子液体在香料合成和分离纯化等方面的应用和研究进展。     

室温离子液体在石油化工中的应用

介绍了室温离子液体的制备及物理性质,详细说明了室温离子液体在石油化工中的应用,如在烷基化、氢化、脱硫、C-C偶联等反应中的应用;分析了室温离子液体现存的缺点.最后,提出室温离子液体工业应用的方向及可能存在的问题.     

室温离子液体在化学合成和萃取分离中的应用

室温离子液体被认为是一种多功能的新型绿色溶剂,其应用十分广泛。简要地介绍了室温离子液体的特性、制备方法,并着重讨论了室温离子液体在化学合成和萃取分离等方面的应用及研究进展。     

室温离子液体在化学合成和萃取分离中的应用

简要介绍了室温离子液体的特性、制备方法,并着重讨论了室温离子液体在化学合成和萃取分离等方面的 应用及研究进展。     

室温离子液体在色谱分析中的应用

作为新型溶剂,室温离子液体在分析中不同领域的应用研究如火如荼。本文将对室温离子液体在气相色谱、液相色谱、毛细管电泳等色谱分析中的应用研究进行综述。     

离子液体物理化学性质的研究

随着离子液体的应用前景越来越好,离子液体物理化学性质的研究越来越引起学术界和产业界的广泛关注和重视。尽管这方面的研究还不够深入和系统,还停留在室温或接近室温的范围内,本文阐述了离子液体的熔点、密度、黏度、表面张力、电导率、折射率、电化学性质等物理化学性质,这些可以为以后的研究奠定坚实的基础。     

手性功能化离子液体的合成进展

手性离子液体作为功能化离子液体的一种,综合了离子液体与手性物质两方面的特性。不仅具有手性特征,而且几乎无蒸气压,无可燃性,具有很高的热力学和化学稳定性,电导率高,可以循环使用,对无机和有机物有良好的溶解性、稳定性等。手性离子液体可以作为手性溶剂,催化剂载体或手性诱导剂,应用于手性合成、手性分离和手性催化等领域。本文综述了近些年来手性离子液体合成的最新进展,结构上按阴、阳离子分类,同一离子类型中按物质种类分类。同时介绍了一些新的合成技术。最后对手性离子液体可能的发展趋势和以后的研究方向进行了展望。     

离子液体回收循环利用的研究进展与趋势

离子液体是完全由阴阳离子组成的绿色可设计溶剂。因为其稳定性好、极低挥发性及独特的物理化学性质,使其在诸多领域具有巨大的应用潜力,近年来已成为研究热点。由于离子液体相对昂贵的生产成本,随着应用规模及范围的逐渐扩大,如何高效回收循环利用离子液体受到极大关注,成为离子液体产业化必须要解决的难题之一。本文概述了近年来在离子液体回收应用方面的研究进展,重点探讨了利用蒸馏、萃取、膜分离、吸附分离以及相分离等方法回收离子液体存在的优势及不足。分析表明,离子液体的回收和循环利用将极大促进离子液体产业的发展,但目前的规模仍然偏小且多处于研发阶段,在此基础了提出了未来拟重点开发的回收利用技术及发展趋势。     

离子液体在低碳烯烃/烷烃分离中的应用研究进展

低碳烯烃/烷烃的高效分离是石油化工领域可持续发展的关键过程之一,传统的低温精馏过程选择性低、能耗大。离子液体作为一种结构可调的绿色溶剂为低碳烃的高效分离提供了新的思路。本文综述了近年来国内外离子液体在低碳烯烃/烷烃分离中的研究进展,总结了常规离子液体、功能化离子液体以及含过渡金属的离子液体在低碳烯烃/烷烃分离中的应用,阐明了离子液体中阴阳离子、功能化基团、过渡金属与低碳烯烃相互作用的机理,着重介绍了合成金属功能化离子液体、添加金属盐、添加金属纳米粒子3种向离子液体中引入过渡金属方式的特点以及过渡金属的种类、比例,有机配体的类型对离子液体烯烃/烷烃分离性能的影响,并探讨了该方向的研究和发展趋势。     

Ionic liquids as active pharmaceutical ingredients

Ionic liquids (ILs) are ionic compounds that possess a melting temperature below 100 °C. Their physical and chemical properties are attractive for various applications. Several organic materials that are now classified as ionic liquids were described as far back as the mid-19th century. The search for new and different ILs has led to the progressive development and application of three generations of ILs: 1) The focus of the first generation was mainly on their unique intrinsic physical and chemical properties, such as density, viscosity, conductivity, solubility, and high thermal and chemical stability. 2) The second generation of ILs offered the potential to tune some of these physical and chemical properties, allowing the formation of "task-specific ionic liquids" which can have application as lubricants, energetic materials (in the case of selective separation and extraction processes), and as more environmentally friendly (greener) reaction solvents, among others. 3) The third and most recent generation of ILs involve active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), which are being used to produce ILs with biological activity. Herein we summarize recent developments in the area of third-generation ionic liquids that are being used as APIs, with a particular focus on efforts to overcome current hurdles encountered by APIs. We also offer some innovative solutions in new medical treatment and delivery options.     

The second evolution of ionic liquids: from solvents and separations to advanced materials--energetic examples from the ionic liquid cookbook

In this Account of the small portion of the recent research in ionic liquids (ILs) by the Rogers Group, we fast forward through the first evolution of IL research, where ILs were studied for their unique set of physical properties and the resulting potential for tunable "green solvents", to the second evolution of ILs, where the tunability of the cation and anion independently offers almost unlimited access to targeted combinations of physical and chemical properties. This approach is demonstrated here with the field of energetic ionic liquids (EILs), which utilizes this design flexibility to find safe synthetic routes to ILs with high energy content and targeted physical properties.     

Phosphonium cation-containing polymers: From ionic liquids to polyelectrolytes

Phosphonium cation-based ionic liquids (ILs) are a readily available family of ILs that often offer superior properties compared to ammonium cation-based ILs. Recently investigated applications include extraction solvents, electrolytes in batteries and super-capacitors, and corrosion protection. At the same time, the range of cation–anion combinations available commercially has also increased in recent years. Polymerized ionic liquids and polyelectrolytes play major roles in a broad range of biological applications including antimicrobials, non-viral gene delivery, synthetic enzymes, metal chelation, and drug delivery. Ammonium- and phosphonium-containing macromolecules will be reviewed with a focus on structure–property relationships of these polyelectrolytes and ionic liquids. Phosphonium-containing macromolecules often display enhanced performance compared to ammonium analogs.     

离子液体在生物柴油合成中的应用研究进展

离子液体具有较强的催化能力、较强的溶解能力、较低的蒸气压等特性,其在生物柴油合成中的应用近年来受到人们的持续关注。本文介绍了离子液体不仅可作为酶催化合成生物柴油的绿色溶剂,作为酯交换反应合成生物柴油的催化剂,还可作为催化剂载体,并可以实现离子液体在生物合成应用中的循环利用。提出了今后应加强对离子液体中固定化脂肪酶催化合成生物柴油的传质过程和催化作用机制及离子液体的循环利用进行研究。     

离子液体在过渡金属催化炔及烯炔环合反应中的应用进展

概述了离子液体在过渡金属催化炔及烯炔类化合物环合反应中应用研究进展。由于固定了催化剂的离子液体能重复利用,既降低了反应成本,又对环境友好,因而具有广阔的应用前景。     

Ionic Liquids‐Based Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Separation

Ionic liquids (ILs) have gained wide‐spread focus owing to its negligible vapor pressure, low heat capacity, high thermal stability, and structural diversity. The solubility and selectivity toward carbon dioxide has made ILs a unique platform that possess the potential in gas separations. In particularly, combining functional ILs with membranes and porous supports is an efficient way to design task‐specific materials for CO₂ separations. This minireview summarizes the developments and advances of ionic liquids‐based membranes for CO₂ separations in recent three years, with an emphasis on the strategy of incorporating ionic liquids and CO₂ separation performance.