椰子油酸单乙醇酰胺丁氧基醚的合成

以椰子油酸单乙醇酰胺、环氧丁烷为原料,进行开环聚合反应合成椰子油酸单乙醇酰胺丁氧基醚,考察了椰子油酸单乙醇酰胺丁氧基醚合成的条件。实验表明,在反应物椰子油酸单乙醇酰胺与环氧丁烷物质的量比为1∶2,反应温度155℃,反应时间3h的条件下,环氧丁烷的转化率可达98.0%以上。     

椰油酸甲基单乙醇酰胺合成工艺研究

采用单因素考察法研究了椰油酸甲基单乙醇酰胺的合成工艺条件,最佳反应条件:n(椰子油)∶n(甲基单乙醇胺)=1∶1.05,反应温度90℃,反应时间5h,催化剂用量为0.3%;在此条件下,椰子油的转化率达93.5%,该工艺操作简便,满足工业化生产的需求。     

新型三元素协同阻燃剂硅酸酯的合成与表征

以三溴苯酚、四氯化硅及环氧丙烷为主要原料,合成了含硅、氯、溴三元素协同高效阻燃剂3-三溴苯氧基-2-氯丙氧基硅酸三2-氯丙基酯。探讨了反应温度、时间及物质的量比等对产率的影响,得到最适宜的工艺条件:n(三溴苯基环氧丙基醚)∶n(四氯化硅)∶n(环氧丙烷)为1∶1∶3.3,在70℃反应3h,产率为98.4%。采用FT IR,1 H NMR,极限氧指数等技术表征此硅酸酯化合物的分子结构及阻燃性能等。实验表明产物用于聚氯乙烯等材料有良好的阻燃效果。     

椰子油酸二乙醇酰胺的合成

概述了椰子油酸二乙醇酰胺的性质、用途。通过甲酯化和酰胺化缩合反应合成了椰子油酸二乙醇酰胺产品,并确定了最佳的反应条件。     

乙酰化蓖麻油酸丁氧基乙酯的合成与表征

以蓖麻油酸和乙二醇丁醚为原料,经酯化、酰化两步反应合成了乙酰化蓖麻油酸丁氧基乙酯。运用正交实验与单因素实验确定酯化和酰化反应的最佳条件:酯化反应中,蓖麻油酸与乙二醇丁醚物质的量比为1∶1.15,催化剂一水合硫酸氢钠用量为蓖麻油酸质量的2%,反应时间为5h,反应温度为90℃,蓖麻油酸丁氧基乙酯的酯化率可达98.8%;酰化反应中,蓖麻油酸丁氧基乙酯与醋酐物质的量比为1∶1.2,催化剂对甲苯磺酸用量为蓖麻油酸丁氧基乙酯质量的3%,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为2h,酰化率达93.2%。采用红外光谱(FTIR)、质谱(HRMS)表征并确认了合成产物的化学结构。     

椰子油酸单乙醇酰胺的研制

本文叙述了椰子油酸单乙醇酰胺的性能,合成工艺路线及其在化妆品中的应用等。     

2—正丙氧基氯乙烷的合成开发

对以乙二醇单丙醚和氯化亚砜为原料合成２＿ 正丙氧基氯乙烷的合成研究和中试开发。求取了优惠条件,收率为９７％ 。     

硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺的二步法合成研究

以硬脂酸与乙醇胺为原料 ,采用二步法合成硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺的反应优化条件是 :硬脂酸与乙醇胺的总的物质的量比为 1∶1 1 ;第一步反应中 ,硬脂酸与乙醇胺的物质的量比控制在 1∶0 7,温度为 1 70℃ ,反应 4h ;第二步反应中 ,加入剩余的乙醇胺 ,温度为 1 0 0℃ ,催化剂KOH用量为 0 0 76mol mol硬脂酸 ,反应 4h。硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺的产率可达到 86 9% ,终产物的熔点为 88～ 90℃。     

高选择性合成N-(2-丙氧基乙基)-2,6-二乙基苯胺

N-(2-丙氧基乙基)-2,6-二乙基苯胺是除草剂丙草胺的重要中间体,其合成方法有:1)2,6-二乙基苯胺与溴乙基丙基醚或氯代乙基丙基醚反应合成;2)2,6-二乙基苯胺与乙二醇单丙醚直接烷基化反应合成。第1种方法存在着单烷基化选择性不高的问题;而第2种方法需贵金属催化剂及高温、高压等反应条件。芳香胺的N-烷基化还可以通过芳香胺与醛或酮     

丙二醇单丁醚生产工艺的改进

采用新型高效催化剂即磷钼酸盐改性Al2O3,催化精馏合成丙二醇单丁醚,确定了最佳的工艺参数,即反应温度为80℃;配料比正丁醇∶环氧丙烷=2.5∶1(物质的量比);液体空速7 mL/(gcat·h);塔顶回流比I/FPO=1.2.在上述条件下,环氧丙烷的转化率达到了97.1%;丙二醇单丁醚的选择性达到了92.0%.本文所采用的催化精馏工艺及新型高效催化剂比传统的间歇釜式生产方法及催化剂具有催化活性高、反应条件温和以及高的选择性等优点.     

椰子油脂肪酸单乙醇酰胺的合成

在碱性催化剂作用下以椰子油脂肪酸甲酯和单乙醇胺为原料合成椰子油脂肪酸单乙醇酰胺。考察了反应温度、反应时间、投料比、体系压力等因素对反应收率的影响 ,并通过正交实验优化了工艺条件 ,得到最佳工艺条件为 :反应温度 110℃、反应时间 5h、n(甲酯 )∶n(醇胺 ) =1∶1 1、反应体系压力 2 0kPa。在最优条件下收率可达 99%。利用重结晶法对反应产物进行分离提纯 ,并用高效液相色谱进行了分析检测     

酯旨交换法合成椰子油甲酯

以椰子油为原料利用酯交换法制备了脂肪酸甲酯.分析测定了椰子油的平均(相对)分子质量,考察了反应条件对反应的影响.结果表明,优化的反应条件为:NaOH用量为1%(质量分数),醉油比为6:1(物质的量比),反应温度70 ℃,反应时间120 min,此条件下脂肪酸甲酯转化率达96%以上,椰子油平均相对分子质量为664.25.     

Biocatalytic Conversion of Coconut Oil to Natural Flavor Esters Optimized with Response Surface Methodology

Lipase (Lipozyme TL IM)-mediated biocatalysis in a solvent-free system was effectively employed to convert coconut oil and fusel oil to flavor-active octanoic acid esters (mainly ethyl-, butyl-, isobutyl- and (iso)amyl octanoate). Response surface methodology based on five-level-three-factor central composite design was applied to investigate the effects of single and multiple interactive factors on the conversion. Results indicated that the studied independent parameters including reactant molar ratio, enzyme loading and shaking speed were all significant factors that affected the formation of octanoic acid esters during transesterification reaction. According to the developed polynomial model (R ²?=?0.947), the optimum transesterification conditions were determined as follows: molar ratio of 3.25:1 (alcohol/oil), enzyme loading of 16.7?% (wt%) and shaking speed of 160?rpm. Under the optimized reaction conditions an average conversion of 62.0?% was achieved which was in reasonable agreement with the predicted value of 64.1?% and about 9.4?mg of ethyl octanoate, 14.4?mg of isobutyl octanoate, 0.3?mg of butyl octanoate and 49.2?mg of (iso)amyl octanoate were produced per gram of coconut oil.     

亚临界甲醇中麻疯树油制备生物柴油的研究

对麻疯树油在催化剂对甲苯磺酸作用下与亚临界甲醇反应制备脂肪酸甲酯(生物柴油)进行了研究。结果表明在反应温度170℃、醇油摩尔比40:1、催化剂用量占油重的0.75%和反应时间30 m in的条件下,反应产物中脂肪酸甲酯含量可达93%以上。制备的生物柴油,各项指标与柴油相似。主要性能指标,符合ASTMPS121-99(USA)和0#矿物柴油标准。     

Synthesis of geranyl and citronellyl esters of coconut oil fatty acids through alcoholysis by Rhizomucor miehei lipase catalysis

Synthesis of geranyl and citronellyl esters of mixed fatty acids has been investigated by alcoholysis of coconut oil (CNO) using Rhizomucor miehei lipase. CNO fatty acid esters of geraniol and citronellol have unique mild flavors that can be used in food materials. Both geraniolysis and citronellolysis of CNO produce flavor esters in good yield. Depending on substrate concentration the molar yield is more than 50%. The optimized reaction conditions were: pressure, atmospheric; temperature, 50°C; incubation period, 5 h; and Lipozyme, 10% (w/w).     

Direct conversion of triglycerides to olefins and paraffins over noble metal supported catalysts

Deoxygenation of methyl esters and triglycerides was studied for production of either α-olefins or diesel components. The reactions were carried out in a reactive distillation fashion in which products are quickly removed from the reaction mixture in flowing He. The effects of He flow rate, reaction temperature, active component and support were studied. PtSnK supported on silica was found to be the best catalyst for selective production of α-olefins. Palm kernel oil and coconut oil were also deoxygenated to produce α-olefins or diesel components, depending on reaction conditions.     

椰子油羟肟酸捕收剂的合成及其对钛铁矿的浮选性能

以椰子油为原料,采用酯-羟胺法合成了羟肟酸类捕收剂,研究了其对钛铁矿纯矿物和实际矿的浮选性能。结果表明,椰子油羟肟酸对钛铁矿浮选的最适宜pH在9.5左右,当捕收剂浓度大于400 mg/L时,浮选回收率稳定在85%以上。在实际矿中,椰子油羟肟酸也具有良好的浮选性能,粗选回收率可达93.32%。     

Effect of heat treatments on the volatile composition of coconut oil

Fresh coconut oil was heated under different conditions for 48 hr at 180 C. The heat treatments included heating in vacuo, heating in air and heating in air and water. The samples were distilled under high vacuum and the volatiles thus obtained were analyzed by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In all heated samples, a series of n-alkanes and I-alkenes, n-alkanals, methyl alkanones, alkenals, gamma-and delta-lactones, methyl and ethyl esters and free fatty acids were identified. The relative amounts of these compounds varied with the type of heat treatment to which the coconut oil was subjected.     

响应面法优化酶催化酯交换反应研究

为了利用植物油生产可再生的绿色能源——生物柴油,文章利用Novo435固定化脂肪酶,在无有机溶剂存在下催化菜籽油与甲醇酯交换合成生物柴油。利用响应面实验设计和分析方法对菜籽油的酯交换反应条件进行优化,得到了最佳工艺条件:醇油摩尔比1.5∶1,反应温度52℃,搅拌转速200 r/min,脂肪酶与油脂的质量比为10%,反应时间10 h,在此工艺条件下油脂的酯交换率达到48%(理论为50%)。理论甲醇量分3批加入,反应36 h后菜籽油的总酯交换率达到95%(理论酯交换率为100%)。每批试验后利用有机溶剂对脂肪酶进行清洗,然后继续反应,连续使用10个批次,油脂的酯交换率基本未变。     

固体酸催化废油酯制备脂肪酸丁酯

研究以废油酯为原料在固体酸催化作用下与丁醇酯交换反应制备脂肪酸丁酯的过程,采用气相色谱对脂肪酸丁酯的含量进行分析。考察了醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对酯化反应转化率的影响。结果表明,该反应的最适宜工艺条件为：醇油摩尔比16∶1,催化剂用量1.2%,反应温度115℃,反应时间4 h。废油酯在最优工艺条件下,经过酯交换反应得到的转化率超过83%。