钽铌湿法氨氮排放水处理技术探讨

从综合回收去除法的角度出发,讨论如何降低钽铌湿法冶炼过程中产生的废水水体中氨氮氟的浓度,回收氨或铵盐,尽量减少氨、氟、硫酸根离子的排放.对钽铌湿法冶炼过程中产生的废水进行了调研,分析了分类处理钽铌湿法冶炼产生各种浓度、酸度废水的方法(1)对高酸废水采用生石灰(CaO)中和,可完全去除氟、硫酸根离子.(2)对中低浓度含氨、氟、硫酸根废水采用生石灰沉淀-蒸馏法回收氨水的方法进行了实验研究,处理后的废水中氨的含量小于25 mg/L,达到废水排放标准.(3)对高浓度含氨、氟、硫酸根废水采用蒸发结晶、热分解、冷凝吸收制取NH3@H2O,NH4HSO4,NH4HF2,有效地降低了废水中的氨、氟.通过高浓度含氨废水实验证明制取的NH3@H2O,NH4HSO4,NH4HF2完全可以返回钽铌工业使用,具有较好的环境和经济效益.     

Al(OH)_3对SEBS/PP/OMMT插层复合体系性能的影响

通过熔融共混法制备了氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SEBS)/聚丙乙烯(PP)/Al(OH)3/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料,并采用锥形量热仪、拉伸测试仪等测试了材料的阻燃性能和力学性能。测试结果表明,添加Al(OH)3,使SEBS/PP/OMMT复合材料的热释放速率、峰值热释放速率和总热释放显著降低,且随着Al(OH)3添加量的增加,复合材料的峰值热释放速率降低愈明显;体系中OMMT和Al(OH)3添加量(质量分数)均在10%时复合材料的综合性能最佳。     

Y3+取代Bi3+对Bi2(Zn1/3Nb2/3)2O7陶瓷烧结温度的影响

采用固相反应制备Bi2(Zn1/3Nb2/3)2O7微波陶瓷,并借助X射线、扫描电镜、LCR4284测试仪,研究Y3 取代Bi3 对Bi2(Zn1/3Nb2/3)2O7陶瓷烧结特性及介电性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着Y3 替代量的增加,晶粒尺寸减小,介电常数先减小后增大,烧结温度升高;适量的Y3 替代可以获得性能很好的BZN介质材料。     

The structure and properties of Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 ceramic doped with MnNb2O6

The influences of doping of MnNb2O6 on the structure and dielectric properties of Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 were illustrated. Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 samples doped with different amount of preformed MnNb2O6 (1 mol%, 2 mol%, 3 mol%, 4 mol%, 6 mol%, 8 mol%) were prepared by traditional solid-state reaction method and characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS, and the dielectric properties of samples were compared. The experiment results indicated that when the doping amount of MnNb2O6 was greater than 3 mol%, second phase appeared because of the solid solution limit. The permittivity of the Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 samples doped with MnNb2O6 firstly increased and then decreased with the sintering temperature, while the dielectric loss decreased first, and then increased slightly. 1 100 ℃ seems to be the most proper sintering temperature for most of the samples. When the amount of MnNb2O6 is about 3 mol%, the samples have the best dielectric properties, larger permittivity and smaller dielectric loss.     

烧结制度对Ba(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3陶瓷品质因子的影响

研究了烧结温度、保温时间、退火时间等工艺参数对Ba(Mg1／3Nb2／3)O3微波介质陶瓷品质因子的影响。结果表明，随着烧结温度的提高，Qf值逐渐增加，这是由于陶瓷的相对密度和有序参数S也随烧结温度增加的结果。在1550℃时，Qf达到最大值49500GHz。Qf值随保温时间的增加而增加，这和B位1：2有序度提高和晶粒尺寸增大有关。保温时间为16h时，Qf值达到58000GHz。退火时间对Qf值有很大影响。随退火时间的增加，Qf值增加很快，这主要是因为退火大大促进了B位离子的1：2有序。当退火时间为48h时，Qf值达到71500GHz。     

Template effect on structure and morphology of Ni(OH)2 powders prepared by hydro-chemical method

The template effect controlling the structure and morphology of ultrafine particles was described. Ni(OH)₂ powders were prepared by NH₃ coordination-precipitation method. The effects of SO ₄ ²⁻ , NO ₃ ⁻ , Cl⁻, NH₃, pH value on Ni(OH)₂ structure and morphology were investigated experimentally, explained with the theoretical model that the growth units were the polyhedral structure of coordination anions. The results showed that the structure and morphology of Ni(OH)₂ were effectively controlled by the growth units, the dimensions and the linking patterns of the growth units vary with the changes of physical and chemical conditions in the aqueous solution. Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.59774018) Biography of the first author: LIU Zhi-hong, professor, born in 1963, majoring in hydrometallurgical technology and control of structure and morphology of powders.     

N－3，5－二氯苯基丁二酰亚胺的合成研究

研究了Ｎ－３，５－二氯苯基丁二酰亚胺合成工艺。详细讨论了影响产物收率的主要因素。首次提出了先经回流再脱水的新工艺，合成收率达９０％以上。     

新有机试剂BTASPAP的合成,性质和分析应用

以２－氨基苯并噻唑、间磺丙氨基苯酚为原料合成了水溶性的新有机试剂２－（２－苯并噻唑偶氮）－５－磺丙氨基苯酚,用混合溶剂重结晶精制。并用ＥＡ、ＴＬＣ、ＩＲ、ＦＡＢ等分析手段鉴定了其纯度和分子结构。用分光光度法测定了其六级离解平衡常数,并研究了它的一般性质及与一些金属离子的水相显色反应性能。     

掺Bi2O3,B2O3,V2O5和B2CuO4对Sm(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3性质及显微结构的影响

实验添加多种助烧结剂于以固态反应法制备的钐镁钛微波介电陶瓷Sm(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3,并研究对烧结体的相对密度、相变化、介电常数、频率温度系数(TCF)、品质因子及微观结构性质的影响。尝试分别加入10 mol%的Bi2O3、B2O3、V2O5及B2CuO4可有效降低陶瓷孔隙率使其致密化,更可大幅下降块材烧结温度,使之可以顺利导入低温共烧陶瓷制程(Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramics;LTCC),但会破坏钙钛矿晶体结构,引起材料微波特性降低。在实验中原料混合粉末以1 100℃煅烧2 h后研磨,再成型后以1 300℃烧结6 h。结果显示以添加Bi2O3具有最高的密度及Q×f与介电常数,达6.47 g/cm3和26 000 GHz及30.19。     

Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3)含量对xPMnS-(1-x)PZN性能的影响

以xPMnS-(1-x)PZN四元系压电陶瓷为研究对象,通过研究Zn1/3Nb2/3含量的变化对0.5PMnS-0.5aPZN材料结构与性能的影响,获得具有高压电活性的0.5PMnS-0.5aPZN陶瓷材料。结果表明,四方相结构的0.5PMnS-0.5aPZN材料压电活性优于三方相结构,性能最好的组成位于MPB(四方相边界)附近靠近四方相含量较高的区域,组成Zn1/3Nb2/3含量的变化影响了MPB的位置。