EFFECT OF DEPOSITED PARTICLES AND PARTICLE CHARGE ON THE PENETRATION OF SMALL SAMPLING CYCLONES

Effects of particle mass deposited in the cyclone and particle electrostatic charge on the particle penetration of the commonly used 10 mm nylon cyclone have been experimentally investigated in this study. The solid particle penetration of the cyclone has been found to decrease with an increase in particle mass deposited in the cyclone. This effect is most significant for particles near the cutoff aerodynamic diameter and when the deposited particle mass is low. The penetration of the cyclone has also been found to be influenced by particle electrostatic charge. This effect is also significant for particles near the cutoff aerodynamic diameter and when the number of elementary units of charge is greater than several thousands. To overcome these problems, a new cyclone made of conductive aluminum and with inner diameter nearly twice that of the 10 mm nylon cyclone has been designed and tested. Experimental results indicate that effects of both deposited particle mass as well as electrostatic charge on the penetration are reduced substantially in this cyclone.     

油水分离用水力施流器特性的试验研究

油，水分离用水力旋流器是一种高效、节能的新型分离装置，其结构及尺寸与固、液分离用水力旋流器有较大的差别。通过研究，计算确定了水力旋流器的几何结构及各部分尺寸，并制造了一台样机，在自行设计的试验台上进行了试验研究，分离效率达９５％。同时试验了不同参数（压力Ｐ，流量Ｑｉ，浓度Ｃｉ，分流比Ｆ，尾管长度ｌ３等）对分离性能的影响，找出了一些规律，为进一步深入的研究及试验打下了基础。     

分离细小颗粒的真空带滤机用滤布的特性及发展

本文将述及在真空过滤机的实际应用中的细微颗粒的分离趋势和带滤机用滤布的要求,并着重讨论多层滤布在不同行业中越来越广泛应用的可能性。     

振动流化床双组分颗粒的混合与分离

研究了振动流化床中颗粒的轴向浓度分布及最小流化速度,根据不同操作条件下最小流化速度的实验值,定义了最小流化速度的计算式;同时考察双组分颗粒混合与分离情况,根据实验结果,修正了Ｎｉｅｎｏｗ定义的双组分颗粒的转变气速,并与实验值相符。     

CLASSIFICATION OF REACTIVE DISTILLATION PROCESSES BY DIMENSIONLESS NUMBERS

In the present paper a comparative consideration is given for the physico-chemical phenomena involved in homogeneously and heterogeneously catalyzed reactive distillation processes (RDP). The processes are classified qualitatively by dimensionless parameter groups derived from the balances for vapor, liquid and solid phases according to the principles of irreversible thermodynamics. The groups are applied to analyze industrial processes and experimental data for esterification, etherification and alkylation regarding different catalysts, operating conditions and configurations of plants. The mathematical models published until today and the experimental results are contrasted taking the parameter groups as a basis. This gives a discrimination of the models and some recommendations for their applicability.     

一种求理论板数的图解法

本文提出一种新的求双组分精馏塔理论板数的图解法。与传统的McCabe-Thiele图解法相比,图形简单易作,又有与之相当的精度。本文讨论了新方法的作图过程,并列举了具体实例。应用表明,它是一种较成功的图解法。     

电厂煤粉粒度特征及其对煤粒燃烧的影响

采用MS2000激光粒度仪分析了电厂炉前煤粉粒度分布特征，磨煤造成了显微组分的分离与富集，镜质组有向粗粒度富集的趋势，惰质组有向细粒度富集的趋势．较粗粒径煤粉（212μm～75μm）特别是212μmn～150μm粒度段所占比例对炉内煤粉燃烧效率的影响最大．虽然镜质组有向粗粒度富集的趋势，但最粗粒煤粉因颗粒太粗，在炉内短暂加热时间内来不及迅速燃烧；而较细粒煤粉则因磨煤引起惰质组向细粒度富集而影响其燃烧效率．所以，在理论分析和实验研究粒度对煤粒燃烧特性的影响时，应考虑磨煤造成的显微组分分离与富集所引入的干扰和煤自身煤岩特征的差异．     

STUDY ON THE SCALE-UP EFFECT OF CYCLONES

The scale-up effect, which is a key factor controlling the performance of industrial cyclones, is conventionally estimated through grade efficienty curves. A new principle based on the centrifugal separation factor (CSF) is proposed to improve the scale-up procedure in designing industrial cyclones.     

日用陶瓷设计的夸张表现之美

用户需求市场的多样化对日用陶瓷产品设计提出了不同的要求。通过夸张表现手法的运用可以营造日用陶瓷产品的个性,增强其感染力,能够达到新颖奇特的突出效果。针对产品夸张表现,介绍了日用陶瓷设计的夸张美感,对形态夸张、功能夸张、意象夸张、表面装饰夸张等表现手法进行论述,指出夸张手法的合理运用有利于创造出符合消费者个性及审美需求的日用陶瓷产品。     

纳滤分离机理

对各种纳滤分离的机理和模型作了简单介绍,包括细孔模型、溶解.扩散模型、Donnan平衡模型,扩展的Nemst-Planck方程模型、电荷模型以及静电排斥和立体位阻模型等其他一些模型,对它们的应用范围及局限性作了评价.     

粒状线性低密度聚乙烯工艺试验

介绍粒状线性低密度聚乙烯(以下简称LLDPE)在国产单螺杆挤出机加工试验和相应的工艺技术。     

连续泡沫分离蛋白质

本文以空气-明胶水溶液体系为研究对象，较为详细地考察了通气量、进料流量、进料浓度、进料位置、泡沫高度、溶液pH值等因素对连续泡沫分离明胶过程中明胶富集度变化的影响．     

粒子成像测速法测定沉降槽内颗粒群的速度场

<正>1引言在化工、环保、选矿等领域中，经常遇到大量的颗粒沉降问题。颗粒的沉降速度是两相流动中重要理论基础之、一。测量羊颗粒的沉降速度很容易，但对颗粒群很难测出其中每个粒子的速皮，而实际过程大都涉及颗粒群。 对于沉降槽内的颗粒运动，一般按理想槽处理，不考虑流动不均匀及颗粒群的真实沉降速度，以及它们对夹带的影响”‘；或者用间歇沉降试验数据设计沉降设备’‘，’‘。本文的目的就是测量沉降槽内分区域颗粒群的统计平均速度，以期对沉降过程的研究和设计提供帮助。     

剑麻纤维形态结构的特征

对广东剑麻纤维的形态结构特征及化学成分含量进行了全面的测定,提出了各项基础数据,对剑麻纤维的综合利用有重要的理论和实际意义。     

浅谈陶瓷产品效果图的数字表现

随着我国设计行业的蓬勃发展和计算机辅助设计软件的广泛应用，产品效果图的绘制也逐渐由传统的手绘表现手法向计算机数字表现手法转换。本文就陶瓷产品效果图的数字表现方法的分类及表现过程进行阐述，并对其未来的发展做出展望。     

石油焦的燃烧特性

引　言高硫石油焦作为石化行业所生产的副产品 ,其含碳量高、含灰量少 ,具有较高的热值 ,用其作为一种替代燃料来发电、供热 ,不仅可以缓解我国能源短缺的矛盾 ,而且可以变废为宝 .近年来在世界上 ,越来越多的热电厂开始用石油焦特别是用含硫高的石油焦作为循环流化床燃烧锅炉的燃料来生产蒸汽发电或供热[1] .然而 ,石油焦作为一种替代燃料 ,其燃烧特性及其燃烧后所排放污染物 ,到目前为止 ,对其研究较少 ,而且均为实验室小台架试验[2～ 5] .关于热态试验尚未见报道 .循环流化床燃烧技术是一种清洁燃烧技术[6] ,它通过飞灰循环燃烧、控制床…     

双水相分配结合温度诱导相分离从酵母中提取谷胱甘肽

对用双水相分配技术结合温度诱导相分离技术从酵母中提取谷胱甘肽（GSH）进行了研究．考察了GSH在环氧乙烷──环氧丙烷无规共聚物（EOPO）／羟丙基淀粉（PES）系统中的分配行为,包括两次分离过程（双水相分配及温度诱导过程)中的不同系统组成、pH等对GSH分配的影响,确定了较佳的双水相系统──EOPO400013％,PES10010％,pH=10.5．在此基础上进行了从酵母细胞中提取GSH的工艺研究,设计了合理的分离流程,研究结果表明GSH的总萃取率可达80％以上．     

二元颗粒混合物在下行床反应器中局部颗粒速度的分布

采用PV-4A光导纤维测速仪在一高2m、直径30mm的下行床反应器中较系统地测定了FCC催化剂及玻璃珠各自在6个截面8个不同径向位置局部颗粒速度的轴向及径向分布,研究了操作条件及喷口位置对该两种不同物料局部颗粒速度径向分布的影响,进而将FCC催化剂和玻璃珠两种物料分别同时进入下行床反应器中,考察了以不同混合比组成的二元组分混合物的颗粒速度径向双峰分布特点.最后,分别给出了预测FCC催化剂及玻璃珠的量纲1局部颗粒速度经验关联式.实验结果表明：物性不同的粒子其局部颗粒速度径向分布差别较大,二元组分混合物的颗粒速度径向分布较FCC催化剂单一颗粒趋于均匀,且随表观气速增加,颗粒速度分布双峰特性愈为明显,可见在下行床进入细颗粒的同时加入粗颗粒引起了气固流动机制的变化与颗粒速度分布的平滑.     

REPRESENTATION OF DENSITY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TERNARY SILICATE GLASS SYSTEMS

A general procedure is outlined for the preparation of contour maps representing such properties as density, refractive index, and Abbe value for ternary glass systems in which one component is silica, using previously published equations and constants. The procedure is illustrated by application to the Na₂O–MgO–SiO₂ and Na₂O–CaO–SiO₂ systems.     

SEPARATION OF MOLYBDENUM SPECIES BY ELECTRODIALYSIS

Lab-scale tests have been carried out in order to assess the possibility of separating molybdenum from aqueous solutions by means of electrodialysis (ED). Mo-containing sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, ammonium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid solutions were tested at 25°C in a five-compartment ED cell. Cell voltages were markedly lower in ammonium hydroxide and chloride solutions, but separation in the latter electrolyte was limited by the low solubility of Mo species. Best results were achieved for Mo separation by ED from an aqueous alkaline solution with 21.8 g L^?1 Mo and 3.4 M ammonium hydroxide and a cell current density of 120 A m^?2. Under these conditions, the Mo transport rate from the working solution was 5.6 mol m^?2 h^?1 and the specific energy consumption for Mo separation was 2.2 kWh kg^?1. These results suggest that this operation should be further studied at pilot scale.