典型相关分析去除脑电信号中眼电伪迹的研究

给出了一种基于典型相关分析（Canonical Correlation Analysis,CCA）的盲源分离技术来去除脑电信号中的眼电伪迹。通过实验验证了基于CCA的盲源分离方法去除眼电伪迹的有效性,并将该方法与广泛使用的独立分量分析（Independent Component Analysis,ICA）进行了比较。实验结果表明,基于CCA的盲源分离方法可以对眼电伪迹进行成功地分离和消除,该方法相较于ICA方法而言,算法更为简单,计算速度更快。     

一种结合自适应噪声完备经验模态分解和盲反卷积去除脑电中眼电伪迹的新方法

针对微弱的脑电（Electroencephalogram, EEG）信号在采集过程中夹杂着各种生理伪迹,特别易遭到眨眼和眼动产生的眼电（Electrooculography, EOG）伪迹干扰。本文提出在自适应噪声完备经验模态分解(Complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise, CEEMDAN)的基础上,构建盲反卷积（Blind deconvolution, BD）模型,实现EOG伪迹分离的方法。该方法首先运用CEEMDAN方法将含有伪迹的EEG信号分解成若干固有模态函数（Intrinsic mode function, IMF）分量,再以模态分量为观测信号送入EEG信号和EOG伪迹两个源信号构成的盲反卷积模型中,通过构建代价函数迭代实现EEG信号与EOG伪迹分离。为了验证新提出的算法,采用标准CHB-MIT头皮脑电数据库进行实验验证,EOG伪迹分离后的数据跟原始脑电数据作相关性分析,其相关系数是0.82。结果证实本文提出的方法保留有大多数原始EEG信号分量,同时对EOG伪迹的分离也具有良好的效果。     

单通道脑电信号眼电伪迹去除算法研究

由眨眼和眼动产生的眼电伪迹（Electrooculography,EOG）信号是脑电信号（Electroencephalography,EEG）中的主要噪声信号之一.目前,多通道脑电信号中眼电伪迹的去除算法已经较为成熟.而在单通道脑电信号的眼电伪迹去除中,由于采集通道数量较少且缺乏参考眼电信号,目前尚无十分有效的去除方法.本文提出一种基于小波变换（Wavelet transform,WT）、集合经验模态分解（Ensemble empirical mode decomposition,EEMD）和独立成分分析（Independent component analysis,ICA）的WT-EEMD-ICA单通道脑电信号眼电伪迹去除算法.实验表明：WT-EEMD-ICA算法有效地解决了单通道WT-ICA算法中的超完备问题,能够有效去除单通道脑电信号中的眼电伪迹,并且分离出的眼电伪迹成分与参考通道采集的眼电信号相关性较强.     

基于CEEMDAN-ICA的单通道脑电信号眼电伪迹滤除方法

传统盲源分离法不能解决欠定问题,且分离信号与源信号对应关系不确定.提出一种基于自适应噪声完备经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)和独立成分分析(ICA)相结合的脑电信号眼电伪迹自动去除方法.该方法首先将含伪迹脑电信号自适应分解成多维本征模态函数(IMF),以满足盲源分离方法对信号正定或超定要求,再对本征模态函数用ICA方法构建多维源信号,最后利用模糊熵阈值判据判别多维源信号中的伪迹信号,完成滤波并重构脑电信号.该方法相比于其他算法,能更好的去除眼电伪迹并保留原始信息,适合单通道脑电信号预处理.     

基于小波变换和FastICA的眼电伪迹去除研究

为了高效去除脑电信号(Electroencephalogram, EEG)中的眼电伪迹,文章提出一种基于小波变换(Wavelet Transform, WT)和快速独立成分分析(Fast Independent Component Analysis, FastICA)相结合的眼电伪迹去除方法。首先,应用小波变换将信号分解成不同频率的小波分量,采用适合的小波基函数和阈值针对高低频噪声做去噪处理;其次,应用FastICA算法分离出各通道的独立成分,获取纯净的脑电信号;最后,对BCI competition IV公共数据集应用融合算法,并输入支持向量机(Support Vector Machine, SVM)进行分类验证。实验结果表明,相较于单一的小波变换和FastICA算法,采用文章提出的融合算法处理后的脑电信号的SVM分类识别率分别提升了18.9%和15.8%,证明该融合算法对去除脑电信号中的眼电伪迹有较好的效果。     

结合PCA和JADE的EEG眼电伪迹去除研究

眼电伪迹干扰是脑电信号中的常见干扰,严重影响到有用脑电信号的提取和分析。提出一种基于主分量分析(PCA)和特征矩阵联合相似对角化(JADE)算法相结合的眼电伪迹去除方法,并探讨了主分量分析对伪迹去除的影响。实验结果表明了该算法的有效性及稳健性,并且其时间开销小。此外该算法还可以有效去除其他脑电伪迹及干扰成分。     

基于CuBICA算法的EEG伪迹去除方法

在高阶累积量和独立分量分析的基础上,提出一种基于CuBICA算法的脑电信号伪迹去除方法。针对脑电信号中常含有的眼电、心电等伪迹问题,利用小波包方法对原始脑电信号去噪,并进行中心化和白化处理,运用CuBICA算法对消噪后的脑电信号进行盲源分 离。分析分离后各信号间相关性,结果表明,CuBICA算法能成功分离脑电、眼电与心电信号,有效去除纯脑电信号中的各种伪迹。     

能量熵与峰值窗口结合去除眼电伪迹研究

为改进传统独立分量分析自动去除眼电伪迹算法中存在识别眼电分量速度慢、需采集同步参考眼电信号、丢失脑电信号问题,提出一种不需要参考眼电信号的眼电伪迹自动识别去除方法。利用FastICA分解出独立分量,计算各独立分量频谱能量熵,以频谱能量熵值作为判据识别出眼电分量;然后使用峰值窗口分离出眼电分量中存在的脑电信号,与其他独立分量进行拼接;利用FastICA逆变换重构出去眼电伪迹的脑电信号。实验结果表明：该方法能准确快速自动地去除眼电伪迹,并较好地保留其他的脑电信号成分;频谱能量熵识别眼电伪迹平均用时为0.01?s,准确率为98％,适用于实时EOG去除。     

表面肌电信号脉搏伪迹的消除方法研究

许多生物电信号的获取过程中都夹杂了脉搏伪迹,表面肌电信号(SEMG)也是一样。本文通过相邻部位同时采集两路SEMG,一路为待处理信号,另一路作为参考信号。采用小波变换提取参考SEMG中的脉搏波,与待处理的SEMG构建独立分量分析的输入,最后用FastICA算法分离出待处理SEMG中的脉搏波,得到去除脉搏伪迹的SEMG。实验结果表明,该方法用于SEMG中的脉搏伪迹的消除是非常有效的。     

基于VMD和小波阈值的ECG肌电干扰去噪处理

针对现有心电信号肌电干扰去噪方法的不足,本文提出利用变分模态分解和小波阈值相结合的方法对心电信号肌电干扰进行去噪处理,该方法通过对含噪心电信号进行变分模态分解,确定信号主导模态分量与噪声主导模态分量,噪声主导模态分量的小波阈值变换和重构无噪心电信号,共四步实现对含有肌电干扰的心电信号的去噪处理。其中,通过分析研究所有模态分量中心频率的分布,确定变分模态分解的层数,多组仿真与真实含噪心电信号的相关实验表明。本文所提出的去噪方法可有效去除心电信号中的肌电干扰,且去噪效果优于小波阈值法、变分模态分解法和经验模式分解法。     

Real-time removal of ocular artifacts from EEG based on independent component analysis and manifold learning

Frequent occurrence of ocular artifacts leads to serious problems in interpreting and analyzing the electroencephalogram (EEG). In the present paper, a novel and robust technique is proposed to eliminate ocular artifacts from EEG signals in real time. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is used to decompose EEG signals. The features of topography and power spectral density of those components are extracted. Moreover, we introduce manifold learning algorithm, a recently popular dimensionality reduction technique, to reduce the dimensionality of initial features, and then those new features are fed to a classifier to identify ocular artifacts components. A k-nearest neighbor classifier is adopted to classify components because classification results show that manifold learning with the nearest neighbor algorithm works best. Finally, the artifact removal method proposed here is evaluated by the comparisons of EEG data before and after artifact removal. The results indicate that the method proposed could remove ocular artifacts effectively from EEG signals with little distortion of the underlying brain signals and be satisfied the real-time application.     

An efficient soft-computing technique for extraction of EEG signal from tainted EEG signal

Electroencephalography (EEG) is the recording of electrical activity of neurons within the brain and is used for the evaluation of brain disorders. But, EEG signals are contaminated with various artifacts which make interpretation of EEGs clinically difficult. In this research paper, we use a soft-computing technique called ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) for the removal of EOG artifact, combined EOG and EMG artifact. Improvement in the output signal to noise ratio and minimum mean square error are used as the performance measures. The outputs of the proposed technique are compared with the outputs of techniques such as neural network, based on ADALINE (Adaptive Linear Neuron) and adaptive filtering method, which makes use of RLS (Recursive Least Squares) algorithm through wavelet transform (RLS-Wavelet). The obtained results show that the proposed method could significantly detect and suppress the artifacts.     

A Machine Learning Approach for Artifact Removal from Brain Signal

Electroencephalography (EEG), helps to analyze the neuronal activity of a human brain in the form of electrical signals with high temporal resolution in the millisecond range. To extract clean clinical information from EEG signals, it is essential to remove unwanted artifacts that are due to different causes including at the time of acquisition. In this piece of work, the authors considered the EEG signal contaminated with Electrocardiogram (ECG) artifacts that occurs mostly in cardiac patients. The clean EEG is taken from the openly available Mendeley database whereas the ECG signal is collected from the Physionet database to create artifacts in the EEG signal and verify the proposed algorithm. Being the artifactual signal is non-linear and non-stationary the Random Vector Functional Link Network (RVFLN) model is used in this case. The Machine Learning approach has taken a leading role in every field of current research and RVFLN is one of them. For the proof of adaptive nature, the model is designed with EEG as a reference and artifactual EEG as input. The peaks of ECG signals are evaluated for artifact estimation as the amplitude is higher than the EEG signal. To vary the weight and reduce the error, an exponentially weighted Recursive Least Square(RLS) algorithm is used to design the adaptive filter with the novel RVFLN model. The random vectors are considered in this model with a radial basis function to satisfy the required signal experimentation. It is found that the result is excellent in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE), Normalized Mean Square Error (NMSE), Relative Error (RE), Gain in Signal to Artifact Ratio (GSAR), Signal Noise Ratio(SNR), Information Quantity (IQ), and Improvement in Normalized Power Spectrum (INPS). Also, the proposed method is compared with the earlier methods to show its efficacy.     

Estimating vigilance level by using EEG and EMG signals

We developed a new method for estimation of vigilance level by using both EEG and EMG signals recorded during transition from wakefulness to sleep. Previous studies used only EEG signals for estimating the vigilance levels. In this study, it was aimed to estimate vigilance level by using both EEG and EMG signals for increasing the accuracy of the estimation rate. In our work, EEG and EMG signals were obtained from 30 subjects. In data preparation stage, EEG signals were separated to its subbands using wavelet transform for efficient discrimination, and chin EMG was used to verify and eliminate the movement artifacts. The changes in EEG and EMG were diagnosed while transition from wakefulness to sleep by using developed artificial neural network (ANN). Training and testing data sets consist of the subbanded components of EEG and power density of EMG signals were applied to the ANN for training and testing the system which gives three situations for the vigilance level of the subject: awake, drowsy, and sleep. The accuracy of estimation was about 98–99% while the accuracy of the previous study, which uses only EEG, was 95–96%.     

基于同步EEG-fMRI采集的情绪认知重评数据特征融合分析研究

脑电(Electroencephalography, EEG)与功能磁共振成像(Functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI)为脑科学研究提供了互补的时空信息. 为研究大脑在对情绪图片采取认知重评策略时的神经活动, 基于同步采集的EEG-fMRI数据, 应用典型相关分析、经验模态分解及k-均值聚类等算法对融合情绪数据进行交叉关联和盲源分离, 得到空间上的fMRI图像和与之对应的EEG时间演变信号. 结果表明: 时域上, CCA分离出的脑电成分在认知重评状态下有明显的晚期正电位(Late positive potential, LPP) (潜伏期200ms～900ms)出现, 而且认知重评策略诱发下的LPP 波幅明显小于观看负性诱发的LPP波幅(F(1, 224)= 28.72, P<0.01), 而大于观看中性诱发的LPP波幅(F(1, 224)= 63.32, P<0.01); 与之对应的空域上, 可以明显地看出和情绪调节相关的扣带回, 额叶、颞叶等区域有明显激活区, 采用情绪认知重评策略时的脑区激活强度明显小于观看负性状态, 而大于观看中性, 且观看中性状态下被激活的与情绪相关的区域相对较少. 研究表明, 这种融合数据分析技术通过计算两种模态数据之间潜在的线性相关性, 可以有效地分离出大脑在时空上神经活动情况, 达到了同时描绘出大脑神经活动的时间信息与空间信息的效果.     

脑电信号中眼电伪迹自动识别与去除方法研究

传统盲源分离算法消除眼电伪迹须用到两个眼电信号作为参考,但在采集眼电信号时易给被试带来不适产生噪声,且识别时需要人为辨别,为了解决这些问题,提出一种基于FastICA的眼电伪迹自动去除方法。该方法先计算出FastICA提取出的各独立成分与GFP（Global Field Power）值的相关系数,再比较相关系数,将其绝对值最大所对应的独立成分识别为眼电伪迹独立成分,最后把该独立成分置零重构干净的脑电信号,实现眼电伪迹的自动去除。通过自采的30例脑电数据实验结果表明：该方法能完全自动地去除眼电伪迹成分并有效保留其他脑电成分,且快速准确,适用于实时场合。     

基于MEMD-rTVgPDC的皮层肌肉耦合分析

本文将多元经验模态分解(MEMD)与鲁棒时变广义偏定向相干性(rTV-gPDC)引入皮层肌肉耦合分析中,探索脑肌电之间线性和非线性耦合关系。首先同步采集8名健康志愿者在静态握力(5 kg、10 kg、20 kg)下的三通道脑电(EEG)和肌电(EMG)信号,接着采用MEMD对信号进行时-频尺度化,最后同时计算不同耦合方向(EEG→EMG和EMG→EEG)上的rTV-gPDC线性和非线性值。实验结果表明静态握力输出时,皮层肌肉耦合主要反映在beta和gamma频段,其中EEG→EMG方向的耦合强度略高于EMG→EEG方向的耦合强度,且随着左右手握力增加,EEG→EMG和EMG→EEG方向的耦合强度同时增加。此外脑肌电耦合中同时存在线性和非线性因果关系。本文方法能够定量刻画不同握力下三个脑肌电通道之间的线性和非线性交互影响,可为研究运动功能障碍及康复评价提供有效的生理参数指标。