共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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以神府煤和攀枝花煤为对象进行煤微波辅助抽提研究,所用溶剂有甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸、四氢呋喃、乙二胺和DMF等.结果表明,前四种溶剂对攀枝花煤的抽提率较高,后三种溶剂对神府煤的抽提率较高,其中乙二胺对神府煤的抽提率可达70.76%.抽提残煤的元素分析、官能团测定及FT-IR分析表明,各残煤H/C和O/C比略有降低而N/C明显升高;含氧官能团含量较脱灰煤有所增加,总酸性基及羟基含量提高;另外,利用GC/MS检测脱灰神府煤四氢呋喃抽提物,正己烷可溶物含较多的脂肪烷烃,甲苯可溶物中则含各种芳香族化合物,四氢呋喃可溶物中只检测到一种含氧杂原子化合物. 相似文献
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介绍了影响煤溶剂抽提的因素及提高煤溶剂抽提效率的一些主要的辅助方法(超声辐照,微波辐射,水热处理),并通过对比多种煤溶剂抽提的实验室研究进展和溶剂抽提技术在工业化应用的情况,提出了今后关于煤溶剂抽提的发展方向。 相似文献
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测定了5种不同变质程度的典型中国动力煤在不同pH值的水介质中的ζ电位和用H2O2氧化后各煤种ζ电位的变化,得到了ζ电位等电点pH值;用FTIR定量表征了与煤表面电位有关的官能团以及被H2O2氧化后的变化;通过对模型化合物的ZINDO量子化学理论计算,得到了H+ 在煤表面的吸附能、相关化学键的键级、键长和净电荷分布.综合分析实验和计算的结果,确认了在水体系中煤的表面电荷为负电荷;煤的ζ电位等电点随煤化程度的提高有规律地升高;与煤表面ζ电位密切相关的负电性官能团主要是—OH基团;原煤经H2O2氧化后,—OH、和—COOH等官能团增多,煤表面负电性增加;H+在煤表面发生化学吸附,吸附能随着煤化程度的增加而增加. 相似文献
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微波辅助抽提煤的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在微波辅助下,以四氢呋喃、乙醇和乙酸为溶剂抽提神府煤,考察了抽提温度、抽提时间、溶剂用量及煤粒度对抽提率的影响;同时探讨了上述三种溶剂对不同变质程度的攀枝花煤、铜川煤、神府煤、华亭煤和依泰煤在微波辅助下的抽提效果.结果表明,抽提率在一定的抽提温度、时间、溶剂用量及煤粒度下均有最佳值;变质程度相似的煤在相同抽提条件下抽提率不同.运用红外光谱现代分析技术,对神府脱灰煤和其抽提残煤的结构特征进行了对比分析,结果表明,抽提并没有破坏煤的大分子结构;利用GC/MS测定了铜川煤的乙醇微波辅助抽提物的组成. 相似文献
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Separation of brown coal into fractions having rather uniform structure is believed to be one of the promising pretreatment methods for effective utilization of brown coal. The authors have recently presented a new coal fractionation method that can separate a bituminous coal into several fractions having different molecular weight compounds without decomposing the coal. The method extracts coal using a flowing stream of non-polar solvent such as tetralin or 1-methylnaphthalene by increasing the extraction temperature stepwise up to 350 °C. In this study the fractionation method was applied to fractionate a brown coal. Water was used as an extracting solvent in addition to tetralin and 1-methylnaphthalene by intending to utilize inherent water of brown coal as the extraction solvent. An Australian brown coal was successfully fractionated into six fractions by any solvents, but the properties of the fractions were significantly different depending on the extraction solvent. This is because tetralin, 1-methylnaphthalene, and water interacted significantly with the brown coal in different ways even at less than 350 °C. The difference in chemical structure and thermal properties of the fractions were examined in detail through ultimate analysis, 13C NMR, molecular weight distribution, and thermogravimetric and thermomechanical analyses. 相似文献
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主要考察了肥煤在不同温度及不同溶剂下的热抽提性能,并对热抽提物性质进行了分析。实验结果表明,提高热抽提温度,肥煤热抽提率增大,并在其软化点附近达到最高值,而后随温度的升高而降低;增大溶剂极性,肥煤热抽提率也显著升高。热重和红外分析显示了热抽提物结构的变化,其基本无灰的特点有望成为煤洁净利用的突破口。 相似文献
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The effects of solvent, temperature and reaction time on the desulphurization efficiency of the low-temperature chlorinolysis process were studied. Certain trends in sulphur reduction, chlorine uptake and extraction yield for coals undergoing slurry-phase chlorine treatment were established. Methanol-based solvent systems were found to display remarkable capabilities in coal chlorinolysis both in terms of selective sulphur extraction and high yields of coal extracts. 相似文献
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以神府长焰煤为研究对象,对其进行冷冻预处理,然后利用四氢呋喃对煤样进行索氏萃取,研究冷冻预处理的温度和时间对煤样萃取率的影响规律,获得冷冻预处理提高煤样萃取率的最优实验条件。通过分析冷冻预处理前后煤样的孔结构、表面形貌、萃取物的红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱,提出冷冻预处理提高煤样萃取率的机理。结果表明:冷冻预处理提高了煤样的萃取率,最优实验条件为温度-80℃、时间12h;在最优实验条件下,煤样的四氢呋喃萃取率由6.16%增加到7.67%,增加了24.68%;孔结构分析结果表明,与原煤相比,冷冻预处理后煤样的孔容、孔径和比表面积均增加,其中比表面积由6.77m2/g增加至7.21m2/g,增加了6.50%,孔容由0.011 mL/g增加至0.013mL/g,增加了18.18%,孔径由7.30nm增加到7.32nm,增加了0.27%;扫描电镜实验结果表明,与原煤相比,冷冻预处理后样品的表面粗糙度增加;红外光谱及X射线光电子能谱分析结果表明,冷冻预处理增加了萃取物中脂肪烃的含量,含C=C,C=O及C—O键的化合物含量减少。冷冻预处理提高煤样萃取率的机理为:冷冻预处理增大了煤样的孔容,对其进行溶剂萃取,有利于大分子骨架缝隙中独立存在的脂肪族低分子化合物的溶出。 相似文献
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Myrna P. Klotzkin 《Fuel》1985,64(8):1092-1096
The effects of extraction with thirteen solvents and three solvent mixtures at ambient temperature on the surface areas of three bituminous coals were investigated. The total surface area of each coal, measured by CO2 at 298 K, was substantially increased by extraction with pyridine, ethylenediamine, methylpyrrolidinone and THF. The maximum surface area attained was nearly the same for the three coals—evidence for a similar, highly crosslinked macromolecular network type of structure in all three coals. Given enough time, the mixed solvents were also effective in increasing the total surface area when the ‘solubility parameter’ of the coal was equal to the ‘solubility parameter’ of the mixture. None of the solvents increased the surface area measured by nitrogen significantly, indicating that the pores opened by the extraction of soluble pore material were < 0.5 nm in size. All the effective solvents satisfied the donor and acceptor number requirements for extraction of pore material based on the donor-acceptor model of coal extraction. 相似文献
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煤层气主要成分为甲烷(CH4),其主要以吸附态形式存在于煤层中。明确煤体理化性质和煤体孔隙结构及CH4吸附性能间构效关系,对于高效开采CH4资源至为关键。为此,本文阐明了煤体理化性质对其孔隙结构和CH4吸附性能的作用规律,并指出了后续研究趋势。分析表明:煤体微孔结构和其CH4吸附容量之间呈正线性相关性;煤体介/大孔主要影响CH4在煤层内部的吸附/扩散速率。具有墨水瓶形孔或富含镜质体的煤体通常具有较强CH4吸附性能。煤中矿物质和水分对煤体吸附性能产生不利影响。煤中小分子有机物的抽提能够提高煤体孔隙表面积和孔容积,进而提升煤体吸附性能。为了深入研究煤体理化性质及其吸附性能的作用规律,后续需开展以下工作:研究煤体孔隙结构参数和煤体吸附/解吸性能之间的耦合作用关系;利用多重分形理论精确揭示煤体内复杂的孔隙结构信息;优化并建立考虑煤体非均质性的BET和BJH等孔隙结构参数计算模型;以煤基质表面含氧官能团在煤体孔隙内部的赋存空间为切入点,阐明煤体官能团和孔隙结构对其CH4吸附性能的协同作用规律;从理论模拟和实验科学入手,阐明煤层中水分对煤体孔隙结构的影响;建立更为科学的含水煤体吸附性能评价方法。 相似文献
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微波辅助萃取煤的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在微波辅助下,以神府煤为主要研究对象,四氢呋喃、丙酮、甲醇为溶剂,考察了萃取温度、时间、溶剂量及煤粒度对萃取率的影响,结果显示:使上述3种沸点接近的不同溶剂萃取率达到最佳值,所需要的萃取温度、溶剂量及煤粒度相差大;同时探讨了以四氢呋喃、丙酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,对不同变质程度煤的微波辅助萃取效果,结果是变质程度相似的煤在相同萃取条件下萃取率不同。运用红外光谱现代分析技术,对神府脱灰煤和四氢呋喃抽提残煤的结构进行对比分析,结果表明萃取并没有破坏煤的大分子结构。 相似文献
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EPR studies have been carried out on coal and the products of its extraction with ethylenediamine, pyridine and tetrahydrofuran. The spectrum of the coal and the residue after extraction consisted of two lines. In the case of the extraction residue the width of the narrow line remains practically unchanged compared to the initial coal whereas that of the broad component decreases. The extracts exhibit a single line with a width close to that of the broad component from the extraction residue. The concentration of paramagnetic centres in the residue and extracts is lower than in the coal. The decrease in concentration is higher when the extraction yield obtained with the solvent is higher. Quenching of paramagnetic centres is found to be related to the destruction of intermolecular bonds of the donor-acceptor type in the coal. 相似文献