钾镁锌硼钼肥对椪柑产量和品质的影响

在成龄椪柑桔园连续3年施肥试验结果表明,施用钾、镁、锌、硼和钼肥对椪柑产量和品质有不同程度的影响。在红泥土和河沙土上氮磷钾平衡施较不施钾显著增加椪柑产量,分别增产14.3%和13.5%。在施用氮磷钾基础上施镁、锌、硼和钼肥,可使红泥土上椪柑果实产量依次平均增产8.6%、7.9%、7.4%和2.7%,可使河沙土上的椪柑果实产量依次平均增产4.3%、4.2%、3.1%和2.2%。施钾能增加果实的维生素C、全糖和可溶性固形物含量,而能降低全酸含量和糖/酸比。在施用氮磷钾基础上施镁、锌和硼能增加椪柑果实的维生素C、全糖和可溶性固形物含量。施钼肥导致果实中全酸含量的提高和糖/酸比的降低。在红泥土和河沙土上施钾使椪柑果皮增厚,施镁使果皮变薄,施锌硼对果皮影响甚微,施钼能明显地使果皮增厚。     

施钴对冬小麦产量和蛋白质含量及土壤有效钴含量的影响

采用盆栽试验的方法,研究了石灰性褐土上不同钴施用量对冬小麦产量、蛋白质含量及土壤有效钴含量的影响。试验结果表明:施用适量的钴可以显著提高冬小麦的产量和蛋白质的含量。各施钴处理较对照增产0.98-13.73%, 生物产量增加2.01-18.47%,其中以处理Co3增产最高。在施钴量4mg kg-1以内,随着施钴量的增加,增产效应提高,但当施钴量超过4mg kg-1时,冬小麦的籽粒产量和生物产量增加,但增产效应下降。处理Co1、处理Co2的蛋白质含量分别比对照增加2.14和1.1个百分点,但处理Co3、处理Co4的蛋白质含量分别比对照减少0.07和0.21个百分点。各处理的蛋白质产量比对照增加0.06%-20.02%,其中以处理Co1增加最大,处理Co2次之。土壤有效钴含量与施钴量呈极显著正相关,小麦籽粒中钴含量与施钴量呈显著正相关。     

包膜控释尿素对大棚黄瓜的增产及品质效应的研究

对包膜控释尿素的大棚黄瓜进行了田间试验,并对黄瓜的品质进行了测试分析。结果表明:控释尿素D90产量比对照增产67.6%;比普通尿素增产36.9%;D60虽比对照和普通尿素增产,但产量差异未达显著水平。对品质的影响主要表现在降低黄瓜果实硝酸盐含量、增加Vc含量和可溶性糖含量方面,以D90综合品质为最优,D60次之,普通尿素为最劣。综合各项,在黄瓜生产中以选用控释期为90天的包膜控释尿素为最好。     

包膜控释尿素对大棚辣椒的增产及土壤肥力效应的研究

对施用包膜控释尿素的大棚辣椒进行了田间试验,并对辣椒的品质进行了测试分析。结果表明:控释尿素与普通尿素相比有显著的增产效果,D90产量最高为34.83thm-2,比对照增产10.51thm-2,增产率为43.2%;比尿素增产6.59thm-2,增产率为23.3%;D60与普通尿素产量差异不显著;比对照增产5.68thm-2,增产率为23.4%;控释尿素具有增加单株果数、单果重的效果和增强辣椒生长的作用;辣椒施用控释尿素的硝酸盐含量最低,普通尿素最高;Vc和可溶性糖含量均以控释尿素为最高,普通尿素最低。综合品质指标依次为:控释尿素>普通尿素。说明控释尿素具有提高蔬菜品质的突出效应,特别在提高蔬菜的安全品质方面贡献最大。控释尿素的施用可增强土壤多酚氧化酶活性、磷酸酶、脲酶活性,特别能协调氮、磷、钾养分供应的平衡性,土壤酶活性的高低可以反映土壤养分转化的强弱。综合各项,在辣椒生产中以选用D90包膜控释尿素为最好,并适当配合D60和普通尿素。     

不同用量氮,钾肥对油菜产量及品质的影响

本文论述了不同用量氮、钾肥对油菜产量和品质的影响。盆栽试验结果表明：增施氮肥可以明显提高油菜产量和叶片中Ｖｃ含量,降低可溶性糖含量,但增加了硝酸盐含量。施用钾肥也可明显提高油菜产量和Ｖｃ含量,而对油菜体内硝酸盐含量的影响则无规律性。     

不同水分亏缺程度对番茄生长发育、产量和果实品质的影响

试验设置5个灌水处理:每桶浇水量分别为2000(CK),1500(T1),1000(T2),500(T3),300mL(T4),研究不同水分亏缺程度对番茄生长发育、产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:随着浇水量的减少番茄株高、株幅、茎粗、干物重、单株产量均明显下降,总灌水量与番茄的第1、第2穗果的单果重和单株产量之间均呈极显著相关关系,与果实中Vc、可溶性糖呈极显著负相关关系,与有机酸含量呈显著负相关关系。T1、T2处理产量下降幅度较小,而果实中Vc、可溶性糖含量较对照有显著的增加,是较好的处理。     

土壤有效养分含量对保护地茄子产量及品质影响

在长期定位施肥条件下研究了不同施肥处理对茄子产量及品质的影响。结果表明，土壤有机质含量和碱解氮水平的高低是影响茄子产量、可溶性蛋白及还原糖含量的主要因素。速效钾对茄子中维生素Ｃ含量的影响较大，其次是有机质和碱解氮的增加能提高硝酸盐含量，而施用磷、钾肥能够有效降低硝酸盐含量，磷肥的作用更明显。     

套种三叶草与不同施肥处理对温室黄瓜生长及土壤环境的影响

为了探索温室黄瓜有机栽培施肥模式,研究了套种三叶草与不同施肥处理对黄瓜产量、品质及土壤环境变化的影响。结果表明:施用70%的有机肥且套种白三叶草(Trifolium repens)的处理黄瓜单产较其他处理增加7.81%～18.86%;黄瓜中Vc含量较100%化肥和70%有机肥处理增加18.45%、6.85%,硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐含量比100%化肥处理分别下降9.72%、32.76%;且黄瓜从盛瓜期开始土壤速效养分含量显著增加,末瓜期土壤速效氮含量较其他处理增加幅度为21.46%～33.92%,速效钾含量增加20.13%～69.94%,速效磷含量增加7.5%～28.80%,并且种植白三叶草能显著提高黄瓜叶片中的氮、钾含量,有效地提高地表温度。从本试验结果看,施用70%的有机肥且套种三叶草是温室黄瓜有机栽培可选用的施肥方式。     

长期施用含硫化肥对水稻产量和养分吸收的影响

1975年开始在湖南祁阳红壤站布置了含硫化肥长期定位试验。3个处理(无硫、低硫和高硫)的施硫量分别为0、112、604 kg hm-2a-1。结果表明:SO42-—S在施硫处理的土壤和植株中都有明显的累积,连续施用含硫化肥24年后,表土中SO42-—S含量增加了158~229%,施硫处理稻草中硫浓度比对照高43~57%,而稻谷中硫浓度在处理问无显著差异;施硫对水稻的短期效应(1~7年)为提高产量和品质,中期效应(8~15年)为无显著作用,而长期效应(16年后)为负面影响,长期施用含硫化肥导致水稻(特别是晚稻)对Mg、Fe、B、Mo等元素的吸收量显著减少,并使高硫处理晚稻稻谷产量显著下降(1990~1997年比1982~1989年平均下降31.6%)。     

几种镁肥对番茄肥效的比较研究

通过盆栽试验研究了几种镁肥对番茄不同生长时期的叶片叶绿素含量、株高、挂果数量、果实产量及生物量的影响。研究结果表明,施用镁肥可明显提高番茄生长后期的叶绿素含量、株高及挂果数量,而且果实产量和生物量增产效果明显;活化MgO镁肥的处理番茄生长后期叶片的叶绿素含量、株高及挂果数量明显优于仅施MgO镁肥的处理;果实产量和生物量显著增产,甚至优于MgSO4处理。     

结构应变的无线监测及融合技术

针对结构应变监测,设计了一类无线应变传感装置,并对该装置采集的数据进行了数据融合处理.,介绍了无线应变传感器的硬件集成;描述了基于算术平均值的无线应变传感器信息融合方法;结合应变的无线测试实验,应用数据融合技术对测量数据加以分析处理.研究表明:所集成的无线应变传感器,安装简单、携带方便;采用了数据融合处理的应变信号更加准确;基于数据融合的无线应变传感器适合在现场测试中应用.     

Coding, analysis, interpretation, and recognition of facialexpressions

We describe a computer vision system for observing facial motion by using an optimal estimation optical flow method coupled with geometric, physical and motion-based dynamic models describing the facial structure. Our method produces a reliable parametric representation of the face's independent muscle action groups, as well as an accurate estimate of facial motion. Previous efforts at analysis of facial expression have been based on the facial action coding system (FACS), a representation developed in order to allow human psychologists to code expression from static pictures. To avoid use of this heuristic coding scheme, we have used our computer vision system to probabilistically characterize facial motion and muscle activation in an experimental population, thus deriving a new, more accurate, representation of human facial expressions that we call FACS+. Finally, we show how this method can be used for coding, analysis, interpretation, and recognition of facial expressions     

The who, what, why, where, and when of IT outsourcing

Outsourcing of IT functions has become so pervasive that IT managers and CIOs cannot ignore it. To complicate the matter, outsourcing to other countries has become increasingly popular. The advantages of this type of outsourcing include cost savings, 24/7 operation, and access to highly specialized skills. Yet a strategic alliance with a geographically and culturally remote partner presents its own unique challenges. Thus, IT professionals should not take the strategic questions of whether or not to outsource lightly, or avoid it. Rather, they can make such a decision by analyzing the responses to the following five key questions, what we call the five Ws: Who should outsource? What is outsourcing? Why outsource? Where should you outsource? When should you outsource? This article emerged from a focus group of CIOs conducted by the CIO Institute, a not-for-profit community of practice for CIOs in the Greater Philadelphia region.     

Enthalpies of formation of binary phases in the systems FeTi,FeZr, CoTi,CoZr, NiTi,and NiZr,by direct reaction calorimetry

The enthalpies of formation of the binary compounds in the systems AB where A is taken in the group VIII and B in the group IV A are measured by direct reaction calorimetry at high temperatures. Checks are made to ensure that the stoichiometry and the structure of each phase is obtained.     

Quiescence, Fairness, Testing, and the Notion of Implementation

Two formalisms for concurrency, the Input/Output automaton model and the theory of testing, are compared and are shown to have common foundations. The relationship between the fair and quiescent preorders of I/O automata is investigated and the two preorders are shown to coincide subject to some restrictions. I/O automata are encoded into the theory of testing and the reversed preorder is shown to be equivalent to the quiescent preorder for strongly convergent, finitely branching I/O automata up to encoding. Conversely, a theory of testing is defined directly on I/O automata, and the new reversed preorder is shown to coincide with the quiescent preorder on strongly convergent, finitely branching I/O automata.     

3PSK、QPSK与OQPSK、UQPSK调制识别方法初探

近年来，卫星测控链路中大量使用了0QPSK、UQPSK的调制方式。从而，提出了如何区分这两种调制方式与BPSK、QPSK信号的课题。本文借助仿真工具MATIAB分析了这四种信号的二倍频、四倍频频谱特性，并对区分这四种信号的方法进行了初撂。     

Development of a three-dimensional,regional, coupled wave,current, and sediment-transport model

We are developing a three-dimensional numerical model that implements algorithms for sediment transport and evolution of bottom morphology in the coastal-circulation model Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS v3.0), and provides a two-way link between ROMS and the wave model Simulating Waves in the Nearshore (SWAN) via the Model-Coupling Toolkit. The coupled model is applicable for fluvial, estuarine, shelf, and nearshore (surfzone) environments. Three-dimensional radiation-stress terms have been included in the momentum equations, along with effects of a surface wave roller model. The sediment-transport algorithms are implemented for an unlimited number of user-defined non-cohesive sediment classes. Each class has attributes of grain diameter, density, settling velocity, critical stress threshold for erosion, and erodibility constant. Suspended-sediment transport in the water column is computed with the same advection–diffusion algorithm used for all passive tracers and an additional algorithm for vertical settling that is not limited by the CFL criterion. Erosion and deposition are based on flux formulations. A multi-level bed framework tracks the distribution of every size class in each layer and stores bulk properties including layer thickness, porosity, and mass, allowing computation of bed morphology and stratigraphy. Also tracked are bed-surface properties including active-layer thickness, ripple geometry, and bed roughness. Bedload transport is calculated for mobile sediment classes in the top layer. Bottom-boundary layer submodels parameterize wave–current interactions that enhance bottom stresses and thereby facilitate sediment transport and increase bottom drag, creating a feedback to the circulation. The model is demonstrated in a series of simple test cases and a realistic application in Massachusetts Bay.