OFDM系统中基于恒模的盲信道估计算法

该文提出了一种适用于采用PSK调制方式的正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的准盲信道估计算法。该算法首先利用系统信号的恒模特性得到有限个可能的信道,然后利用信号的有限字符特性从可能信道中寻找出最佳信道,因而具有较低的计算复杂度。与现有的盲信道估计算法不同,该算法利用二阶统计量而不是高阶统计量估计信道,获得了较好的估计性能。仿真结果表明,该算法的性能优于基于有限字符特性的盲信道估计算法。     

基于SP-LCCMA的STBC MC-CDMA系统盲信道估计

研究了空时编码多载波码分多址系统（STBC MC—CDMA）盲信道估计技术。根据信道位于信号子空间的特点,提出基于信号子空间投影线性约束恒模算法（SP—LCCMA）的盲信道估计,避免了噪声子空间信道估计的缺点,将估计信道应用于STBC MC—CDMA系统多用户检测。仿真结果表明,提出算法的收敛速度和信干噪比（SINR）性能优于一般恒模算法。     

MIMO-OFDM中基于系统分解的VC子空间盲信道估计快速算法

研究MIMO-OFDM系统中的盲信道估计问题。将OFDM系统中的子空间盲信道估计方法引入到MIMO-OFDM系统中,建立了带有虚拟载波的系统数据传输模型。针对MIMO-OFDM系统VC子空间盲信道估计算法复杂度高的特点,提出了一种该算法下基于系统分解的快速方法。仿真实验结果表明,算法在RMSE性能上稍差于原算法,但却显著降低了信道估计算法的复杂度,对快速信道估计应用方面具有一定的指导意义。     

基于信号子空间的改进OFDM系统信道半盲估计

本文改进了一种基于信号子空间的OFDM系统半盲信道估计算法.该算法利用基于梯度变化的变遗忘因子递归最小二乘算法(GVFF-RLS)计算接收信号的自相关矩阵.通过同时对角化接收信号中的信息信号和噪声信号的全局协方差矩阵,推导出噪声信号子空间,无需对噪声信号的统计特性进行任何先验假定.本算法弥补了原始算法在慢衰落信道下收敛慢以及只限于加性白噪声的不足,实现了色噪声背景下高效半盲信道估计.仿真结果表明本文提出的算法具有良好的性能.     

一种改进的OFDM系统盲信道估计算法

在OFDM通信系统中,信道参数估计一直是个备受关注的问题。本文利用接收端分集,提出了一种改进的盲信道估计算法,它适用于有无虚拟子载波,有无循环前缀的各种情况,在一定的信道精度要求条件下,可以在一个OFDM 符号内进行信道估计。计算机仿真显示,在积累相同的接收符号时,本算法也比同类的盲信道估计算法的性能好。     

MIMO-OFDM系统中信道盲估计与检测

针对MIMO-OFDM系统,提出了一种基于子空间的盲信道估计与检测方案,该算法将阵列信号处理的思想应用到MIMO-OFDM系统中,通过发送端信号的冗余编码,利用一种类ESPRIT算法进行盲信号检测和信道估计。仿真结果表明该算法的有效性及其信道盲估计方法的性能。     

基于噪声子空间跟踪的OFDM盲信道估计

基于子空间分解的OFDM信道估计算法利用信号子空间和噪声子空间的正交性可以对信道参数进行盲估计,但是子空间分解的运算量大,使盲信道估计算法的实用化受到限制。本文在噪声子空间自适应跟踪的基础上进行OFDM盲信道估计,显著降低了运算量。仿真结果表明,在适当选择学习因子后可以实现对噪声子空间的快速跟踪,在噪声子空间跟踪的基础上得到的信道估计性能接近于子空间分解法。     

MIMO-OFDM系统中的子空间半盲信道估计

本文主要讨论了MIMO-OFDM系统中的一种半盲信道估计算法.该算法基于子空间分解技术,利用信号子空间和噪声子空间的正交性将两者分离.针对盲信道估计存在计算量大及收敛速度慢等缺点,本文充分利用少量的导频,给出了一种基于子空间跟踪技术的半盲MIMO-OFDM信道估计算法.仿真结果表明,该算法在保持盲信道估计算法性能的基础上,明显加快了收敛速度、降低了计算量.     

新的盲信道估计算法

研究了各种盲信道估计算法.提出一种关于信道的假设,并在此基础上提出一种新的盲信道估计算法.新算法能够同时估计出信号和信道.新算法基于MMSE准则,利用m进制通信系统中,在接收端和发射端都已知信号模式且模式个数有限(K=log2m)的特点,结合预置于算法的信道模型,得到信道模型和信号模式的估计.然后依据MMSE准则得到信道和信号的最佳估计.最后给出仿真结果,仿真表明:新的盲信道估计方法能够精确估计实际信道的等效冲击响应,并能够进行有效通信.     

基于子空间的MIMO-OFDM系统信道盲估计研究

为了降低算法的复杂度,提高现有MIMO-OFDM系统信道估计算法的性能,首先给出了一种信道模型,并在此信道模型的基础上提出了一种改进型基于子空间方法的盲信道估计算法。该算法基于子空间分解技术,利用信号子空间和噪声子空间的正交性将两者分离,通过补零内插技术得到其他子载波位置的信道估计结果,在估计过程中并不需要任何信道统计信息。仿真结果表明：该算法具有收敛速度快,估计精度高等优点。     

Smart antennas in wireless systems: uplink multiuser blind channeland sequence detection

Space-division multiple-access (SDMA) schemes have been proposed to increase the capacity of wireless communication systems by simultaneously transmitting and receiving multiple co-channel signals through different spatial channels. We address the uplink (remote users to the base station antenna array) blind channel and sequence identification problem for an SDMA system. We show that multiuser blind identification can be accomplished by exploiting the spatial and temporal diversities of an antenna array system. In particular, a recursive estimation algorithm is developed to recover multiple signals from intersymbol interference (ISI) and co-channel interference (CCI) by taking advantage of a special structure of the array output and the finite-alphabet property of digital communication signals. The implementation of the proposed approach in practical applications is discussed, and field experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm     

频分双工大规模MIMO系统时变信道估计

大规模多输入多输出（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO）系统的性能增益依赖可靠的信道估计,传统信道估计方案主要面向准静态场景,在用户高速移动场景中性能下降明显。本文研究频分双工（Frequency Division Duplex, FDD）大规模MIMO系统中的时变信道估计问题,利用信道向量在角度域的空时稀疏特性,提出软结构先验模型驱动的稀疏贝叶斯信道估计（Soft-Structured Prior Model based Sparse Bayesian Estimation, SSPM-SBE）方案,针对方案涉及的复杂贝叶斯估计问题,给出基于变分优化的低复杂度求解方法。SSPM-SBE方案能够充分利用当前和历史接收导频数据改善时变信道的估计性能,且无需信道大尺度信息的先验认知,仿真结果验证了方案的优越性。      

空时编码在瑞利衰落信道下的性能分析

以正交空时分组码为例讨论了空时编码技术的性能特征。给出了各种STC-OFDM系统的BER性能。理论分析和仿真结果表明,STBC-OFDM系统在频率选择性的瑞利衰落信道下,性能优于其它STC-OFDM系统。     

一种降低接收机复杂度的差分空时调制方案

基于对角信号的差分酉空时调制技术不需要信道估计并能实现满天线分集,但接收机的计算复杂度与发射天线数和数据率成指数关系。该文针对发射天线数为偶数的系统,提出了一种降低接收机计算复杂度的差分空时调制方案。该方案将发射天线分成相等数目的两组并在每一组天线上分别进行对角酉空时调制,接着构造差分编码矩阵使得两个对角信号的最大似然检测可以分开进行,从而大大降低了接收机的计算复杂度。理论分析和仿真表明,该方案仍实现了满天线分集,并且对于某些应用环境能提供比对角信号更好的误比特率性能。     

Adaptive synchronization and channel parameter estimation using anextended Kalman filter

Unified modeling and estimation of the MD (multiplicative distortion) in finite-alphabet digital communication systems is presented. A simple form of MD is the carrier phase exp(j&thetas;), which has to be estimated and compensated for in a coherent receiver. A more general case with fading must, however, allow for amplitude as well as phase variations of the MD. The authors assume a state-variable model for the MD and generally obtain a nonlinear estimation problem with additional randomly varying system parameters such as received signal power, frequency offset, and Doppler spread. An extended Kalman filter is then applied as a near-optimal solution to the adaptive MD and channel parameter estimation problem. Examples are given to show the use and some advantages of this scheme     

STC-OFDM系统中基于扩展贝叶斯滤波的鲁棒共信道干扰抑制算法研究

空时编码正交频分复用(STC-OFDM)系统易受共信道干扰(CCI)影响,利用波束成形可以抑制共信道干扰的影响。然而,目前存在的一些方法都是基于期望信号波达方向(DOA)的精确估计的。实际上,当期望信号的波达方向存在误差时,这些波束成形器的性能将明显下降。为此,该文提出了基于扩展贝叶斯滤波的鲁棒波束成形算法来提高当期望信号的波达方向存在误差时的系统性能。在这一算法中,每一个期望信号的波达方向被看成一个由若干离散样点组成的随机变量。利用贝叶斯公式对这些样点的后验概率进行估计,当有样点的后验概率低于一定的门限值时,对这些样点进行重采样,使有效样点的数目保持恒定。最后,波束成形器的最优权值由这些样点的后验概率加权获取。仿真结果表明,该文算法对抑制多径信道中STC-OFDM系统的共信道干扰具有很强的鲁棒性。     

On channel estimation using optimal training sequences in Cyclic-Prefix-based Single-Carrier systems with Space-Time Block-Coding

In this paper, a new scheme that combines Space-Time Block-Coding （STBC） based on an Alamouti-like scheme and the Least Squares （LS） channel estimation using optimal training sequences in Cyclic-Prefix-based （CP）／Single-Carrier （SC） systems is proposed. With two transmit antennas, based on Cramer-Rao lower bound for channel estimation, it is shown that the Periodic Complementary Set （PCS） is optimal over frequency-selective fading channels. Compared with the normal scheme without STBC, 3dB Mean Square Error （MSE） performance gains and fewer restrictions on the length of channel impulse response are demonstrated.     

LDPC-based space-time coded OFDM systems over correlated fadingchannels: Performance analysis and receiver design

We consider a space-time coded (STC) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system with multiple transmitter and receiver antennas over correlated frequency- and time-selective fading channels. It is shown that the product of the time-selectivity order and the frequency-selectivity order is a key parameter to characterize the outage capacity of the correlated fading channel. It is also observed that STCs with large effective lengths and ideal built-in interleavers are more effective in exploiting the natural diversity in multiple-antenna correlated fading channels. We then propose a low-density parity-check (LDPC)-code-based STC-OFDM system. Compared with the conventional space-time trellis code (STTC), the LDPC-based STC can significantly improve the system performance by exploiting both the spatial diversity and the selective-fading diversity in wireless channels. Compared with the previously proposed turbo-code-based STC scheme, LDPC-based STC exhibits lower receiver complexity and more flexible scalability. We also consider receiver design for LDPC-based STC-OFDM systems in unknown fast fading channels and propose a novel turbo receiver employing a maximum a posteriori expectation-maximization (MAP-EM) demodulator and a soft LDPC decoder, which can significantly reduce the error floor in fast fading channels with a modest computational complexity. With such a turbo receiver, the proposed LDPC-based STC-OFDM system is a promising solution to highly efficient data transmission over selective-fading mobile wireless channels     

MUSIC-Based Pilot Decontamination and Channel Estimation in Multiuser Massive MIMO System

This paper addresses the problem of channel estimation in a multiuser multi-cell wireless communications system in which the base station (BS) is equipped with a very large number of antennas (also referred to as “massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)”). We consider a time-division duplexing (TDD) scheme, in which reciprocity between the uplink and downlink channels can be assumed. Channel estimation is essential for downlink beamforming in massive MIMO, nevertheless, the pilot contamination effect hinders accurate channel estimation, which leads to overall performance degradation. Benefitted from the asymptotic orthogonality between signal and interference subspaces for non-overlapping angle-of arrivals (AOAs) in the large-scale antenna system, we propose a multiple signals classification (MUSIC) based channel estimation algorithm during the uplink transmission. Analytical and numerical results verify complete pilot decontamination and the effectiveness of the proposed channel estimation algorithm in the multiuser multi-cell massive MIMO system.