富硒酵母发酵工艺的优化

以富硒酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）SY2为发酵菌种,利用5 L发酵罐培养富硒酵母。以富硒酵母生长及硒转化率为评价指标,优化其发酵工艺条件,比较溶氧反馈补料与拟指数补料两种方式对富硒酵母生长、硒转化率等的影响。结果表明,富硒酵母最适发酵条件为：初始pH 5.0,发酵温度30℃,接种量8%,硒添加量30 mg/L,发酵时间24 h。在此优化条件下,富硒酵母生物量为9.8 g/L,硒转化率为77.5%。在拟指数补料方式下,培养周期为34 h,富硒酵母得率为0.252 g/g,硒含量为1 920.5μg/g,硒的转化率为82.7%;在溶氧反馈补料方式下,培养周期为46 h,富硒酵母得率为0.317 g/g,硒含量为1 759.5μg/g,硒转化率为90.1%。结果显示,拟指数补料培养周期短,生产强度、酵母硒含量较高,是适宜补料方式。     

啤酒酵母的富硒条件和效果研究

研究了硒添加量、接种量、培养时间及装液量对啤酒酵母富硒作用的影响。结果表明，培养基中的硒添加量是影响啤酒酵母富硒效果的最主要因素，在初步确定的优化培养条件下（硒添加量20mg／L，接种量5％，培养时间20h，装液量60mL／250mL三角瓶），富硒酵母中的硒含量达920．3μg／g，硒总含量达4038．7μg／L，富硒效果较好。     

培养基各成分对酵母生长及富铬性能的影响

以活性干酵母为菌种，采用摇瓶培养，通过单因素试验和正交试验，分析了发酵培养基各成分对酵母生长和富铬性能的影响，确定了发酵培养基最优配方，即酵母浸出粉10g／L、蛋白胨10g／L、蔗糖90g／L、KH2PO4 2．0g／L、MgSO41．5g／L和微量元素1mL／L。在该营养条件下发酵生产富铬酵母，生物量可达10．308g／L，有机铬含量达到5190．68μg／g，有机铬总含量为53504．7μg／L，富铬效果较好且稳定。     

植物乳杆菌富硒培养条件的优化

为提高植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum Lb-30）的硒含量,满足人们对于微量元素硒的日常膳食需求,以改良MRS为基础培养基进行富硒培养,先确定最适亚硒酸钠浓度,研究不同发酵时间、加硒时间、初始p H、接种量对菌体硒含量的影响。在单因素实验基础上采用Box-behnken设计对富硒培养条件进行优化。得到最优富硒培养条件组合方案为:亚硒酸钠浓度5.0μg/m L、加硒时间7.6 h、初始p H5.5、接种量3.0%、培养时间36.0 h。优化后,植物乳杆菌LB-30硒含量高达839.635μg/g,比优化前655.95μg/g提高了1.28倍。结论:将为富硒植物乳杆菌的生产开发提供一定的理论依据。      

植物乳杆菌富硒培养条件的优化

为提高植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum Lb-30)的硒含量,满足人们对于微量元素硒的日常膳食需求,以改良MRS为基础培养基进行富硒培养,先确定最适亚硒酸钠浓度,研究不同发酵时间、加硒时间、初始p H、接种量对菌体硒含量的影响。在单因素实验基础上采用Box-behnken设计对富硒培养条件进行优化。得到最优富硒培养条件组合方案为:亚硒酸钠浓度5.0μg/m L、加硒时间7.6 h、初始p H5.5、接种量3.0%、培养时间36.0 h。优化后,植物乳杆菌LB-30硒含量高达839.635μg/g,比优化前655.95μg/g提高了1.28倍。结论:将为富硒植物乳杆菌的生产开发提供一定的理论依据。     

提高产朊假丝酵母富硒能力的工艺条件研究

在5L发酵罐水平上研究不同培养条件对富硒产朊假丝酵母细胞生长、谷胱甘肽合成和富硒能力的影响,通过分批发酵试验确定较优的培养方案:在发酵培养的第18小时加入20mg/L亚硒酸钠,发酵罐转速450r/min,L-蛋氨酸的添加浓度10mmol/L.该条件下,酵母细胞干重为11.32g/L,胞内谷胱甘肽和有机硒含量分别达到11.5mg/g和1352μg/g,该方案为高性能(高胞内谷胱甘肽含量、高有机硒含量)富硒产朊假丝酵母的高效制备奠定了基础.     

高生物量富硒酵母菌的选育

以酿酒酵母PT为出发菌株,采用梯度浓度筛选的方法对其进行驯化,得到1株生物量较高和对亚硒酸钠抗性较高的菌株GB-1。对其进行紫外诱变处理,当致死率达91.85%时,获得多株突变株。通过多次平板初筛和摇瓶复筛,得到1株高生物量富硒酵母UV-PT。采用响应面法对富硒酵母UV-PT发酵条件进行了优化。借助于SAS软件,首先利用Plackett-Burman试验设计筛选出影响富硒的3个主要因素,即转速、温度、初始pH值。在此基础上,再利用Box-Behnken试验设计及响应面分析法对发酵条件进行优化,确定最佳发酵条件:转速为203r/min,发酵温度为30.3℃,初始pH值为4.52。结果表明,优化后富硒酵母的生物量和含硒量分别为10.62g/L、1003.26μg/g,硒总含量为10654.62μg/L,为出发菌株的1.62倍。     

富硒酵母的选育及其发酵条件的优化试验

通过对一株耐硒酵母进行UV和60Co逐级诱变,获得一株产量高的突变株Y7,发酵液的硒总含量达19mg/L,是出发菌株的1.58倍,经多次传代试验,证明其稳定性良好。通过单因素、L16(37)正交试验对其发酵培养基和培养条件进行优化,试验表明富硒酵母发酵培养基的最佳配方是:蔗糖6%,牛肉膏1%,蛋白胨1%,K2HPO4 0.15%,亚硒酸钠35μg/L;最佳培养条件:初始pH为4.0,温度32℃,装液量60mL/250mL摇瓶,转速200r/min,10%(v/v)接种量,培养48h。富硒酵母的硒总含量达23mg/L以上,是出发菌株的1.92倍。     

灵芝深层发酵生物富集硒、锌的研究

研究了灵芝深层发酵生物富集硒、锌的效应。结果表明：生物富集硒，锌的最佳浓度分别为Se-120mg／L，Zn-40mg／L，富集硒的生物量为12、57g／L，富硒量859、71μg/g，富硒率9．01％。富集锌生物量15．38扎富锌量798．10μg/g，富锌率30、69％。     

富硒乳酸菌的筛选及其富硒能力的初步研究

从黄水中筛选到一株富硒乳酸菌，经鉴定为布氏乳杆菌（Lactobacillus buchneri）。通过亚硒酸钠抗性筛选和MRS液体培养基发酵培养，初步确定其富硒条件为：接种量10％（v／v），亚硒酸钠添加量46μg／mL，pH6．2，37℃，培养36h，富硒能力为56．52％。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press