超宽带信道的频率色散特性对脉冲波形的影响

采用幂形式衰减模型和建立的抛物线型非线性相位模型分别研究了超宽带脉冲信号在频域中发生的幅度失真和相位失真,分析了超宽带信道的频率色散特性对脉冲信号波形产生的影响。仿真结果表明,传播信道中物体的边缘折射产生的频率依赖特性较强,引起的脉冲幅度失真较大;收发天线较小的非线性相位响应,也会导致较大的波形畸变。因此,在实际的超宽带信道建模时应根据实际环境考虑超宽带信道的频率色散特性。     

相位独立可调的基于双阵列光纤布拉格光栅的任意波形光脉冲发生器的设计

提出了相位独立可调的基于双阵列光纤布拉格光栅的任意波形光脉冲发生器,该发生器包括幅度控制器和相位控制器两部分。幅度控制器和相位控制器中的可调节元件是光纤布拉格光栅阵列。光纤布拉格光栅阵列由光纤布拉格光栅和光纤拉伸器间隔排列构成。只调节结构中的光纤拉伸器,就可控制输出信号的各个谱线的幅度和相位,从而产生任意波形的光脉冲。相位控制器中的光纤拉伸器的调节不会影响该结构对输出信号各个谱线幅度的控制,幅度控制器中的光纤拉伸器的调节会影响输出信号的各个谱线的相位,因此幅度控制器的调节要优先于相位控制器。     

关于失真和非线性失真产物

信号通过ＣＡＴＶ系统或放大器后,输入波形与输出波形会有所不同。换句话说,信号在传输过程中产生了失真。除了某些有目的地利用电路进行波形变换的场合外,我们总是希望在传输过程中信号的失真最小。 失真分为线性失真和非线性失真。造成失真的因素很多,如系统或放大器对信号中各频率分量幅度产生不同程度的衰减,导致各频率分量之间的相对幅度变化而造成幅度失真;对各频率分量产生的相移与频率不成正比,导致频率分量之间的相对位置变化而造成相位失真。幅度失真和相位失真都是线性失真,在线性失真的过程中并没有产生新的频率分量。…     

UWB系统中天线性能对脉冲波形的影响

分析了超宽带无线系统中,天线在发射和接收过程中对基带脉冲信号波形的失真影响.采用了天线系统传递函数描述天线的辐射和接收特性,在暗室中对典型的超宽带印刷天线进行频域特性和时域特性的测量,给出了脉冲信号的辐射和接收过程.研究表明结合天线系统传递函数,可以设计出更符合FCC辐射功率掩蔽的脉冲信号,以及选取出波形保真系数最佳的本地模板信号,从而获得全局性能最优的超宽带系统.     

超宽带脉冲信号产生方法的研究

文章介绍了超宽带脉冲信号的产生、信号调制及其功率谱,讨论了高斯脉冲信号的波形,分析了几种脉冲位置调制的特性,介绍了超宽带信号仿真原理,并从性能和实用性方面进行了讨论和比较,对存在的问题进行了研究。     

UWB雷达LFM脉压信号数字产生系统性能分析

超宽带雷达线性调频（LFM）脉冲压缩信号产生系统是现代雷达技术的重要研究内容之一。该文基于波形存储直读法，提出了一种超宽带线性调频信号数字产生系统方案。对系统中幅度量化位数、采样频率、正交调制器误差和传输系统频域失真等因素对输出信号性能的影响进行了深入的理论分析，计算机仿真验证了这些分析结果。所得结论为超宽带LFM信号产生系统工程实现时参数选择、性能评估和性能优化提供重要的理论依据。     

超宽带传输体制研究

介绍了超宽带信号的定义和频谱特性。给出了基于超宽带脉冲扩频信号的幅度调制、时延相位调制和伪码复合调制等调制形式和超宽带信号解调方法。对超宽带接收性能进行了相关计算和分析,并给出了接收实现示意框图,及其在无线通信、雷达跟踪、精确定位等方面的应用前景。     

超宽带电磁波的穿墙传播特性研究

研究在介质中超宽带电磁波的传播特性,主要是利用时域有限差分法对墙体建模,研究超宽带电磁波穿透墙体后的透射波形的变化。通过计算,理论推导了电磁波垂直入射墙体的透射系数和反射系数。通过Matlab软件的仿真,研究了超宽带电磁波的穿墙特性,展示了信号在穿墙过程中经历的时间延迟,幅度衰减,波形失真,并且研究了发射信号的频率、墙体的相对介电常数、电导率和厚度对透射波的影响,以及对反射系数和透射系数的影响。     

无源核子料位计脉冲信号采集与时频域特征分析

通过示波器的远程功能,对无源核子料位计探头输出的负脉冲信号进行了采集。在时域内,对脉冲信号的下降沿时间、上升沿时间、下降沿电压变化率、上升沿电压变化率等指标进行了分析。结果表明,对于不同幅度的脉冲信号,上升沿时间和下降沿时间的离散性较小,上升沿和下降沿的电压变化率基本与脉冲幅度成正比,后续电路的压摆率指标要足够大,以不失真地响应这种变化。在频域内,对脉冲信号周期性延展后进行了快速离散傅里叶变换得到了其频谱。结果表明,脉冲信号的最高频率分量为1.296 MHz左右,后续处理电路的带宽要至少大于此频率值。为了对频域分析的结果进行验证,使用频谱数据对信号进行了重构,得到的近似波形与实测波形具有很好的吻合度。     

探地雷达最优工作信号与脉冲波形畸变的整形技术

利用信号检测理论，在雷达接收天线端信号的信噪比最大时，推出浅层地下目标探测雷达的工作信号形式是基带脉冲。该脉冲波是媒质参数、目标特性和目标埋深的函数。脉冲波在有耗媒质中传播时，既要引起幅度的衰减又要产生波形失真。通过分析波形失真的原因，提出了一种对失真波形进行整形的方法。     

Ultra-wideband radar using Fourier synthesized waveforms

Traditional methods of ultra-wideband (UWB) radar signal generation suffer from several disadvantages such as low antenna radiation efficiency and lack of accurate control of signal parameters like pulse shape, pulse repetition interval (PRI), and its spectrum. UWB signals can be generated by expanding the desired radar waveform in a Fourier series and then synthesizing the waveform by generating the individual terms in the expansion from harmonically related oscillators. Signals thus produced overcome the disadvantages of traditional methods of UWB signal generation. Fourier series based method for generation of complex amplitude coded waveforms is developed which can be used to generate time domain equivalent of Barker and other codes for application in radar and communication areas. In radar applications, these coded waveforms, with accurate and stable waveform parameters, shall allow pulse compression and coherent integration. The additional processing gain provided by these operations reduces the need for high peak power in radar transmitters which is one of the bottlenecks in the implementation of operational UWB radars. This paper also describes a UWB radar concept which incorporates Fourier synthesized waveforms. Related digital signal processing issues are also discussed     

On the UWB system coexistence with GSM900, UMTS/WCDMA, and GPS

This paper evaluates the level of interference caused by different ultra-wideband (UWB) signals to other various radio systems, as well as the performance degradation of UWB systems in the presence of narrowband interference and pulsed jamming. The in-band interference caused by a selection of UWB signals is calculated at GSM900, UMTS/wideband code-division multiple-access (WCDMA), and Global Position System (GPS) frequency bands as a function of the UWB pulsewidth. Several short-pulse waveforms, based on the Gaussian pulse, can be used to generate UWB transmission. The two UWB system concepts studied here are time hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum. Baseband binary pulse amplitude modulation is used as the data modulation scheme. Proper selection of pulse waveform and pulsewidth allows one to avoid some rejected frequency bands up to a certain limit. However, the pulse shape is also intertwined with the data rate demands. If short-pulses are used in UWB communication the high-pass filtered waveforms are preferred according to the results. The use of long pulses, however, favors the generic Gaussian waveform instead. An UWB system suffers most from narrowband systems if the narrowband interference and the nominal center frequency of the UWB signal overlap. This is proved by bit-error rate simulations in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with interference at global system for mobile communication (GSM) and UMTS/WCDMA frequencies.     

Phase-Only Matched Filtering of Ultrawideband Arbitrary Microwave Waveforms via Optical Pulse Shaping

We demonstrate compression of ultrawideband (UWB) microwave arbitrary waveforms via phase-only matched filtering implemented in a programmable hyperfine resolution optical pulse shaper. We synthesize spread-time UWB electrical waveforms and utilize programmable microwave photonic phase filters to impose the opposite of a waveform's spectral phase on its spectrum. This enables us to compress an UWB microwave waveform to its corresponding bandwidth-limited pulse duration via phase filtering. As an example, we present compression of a linear frequency-modulated electrical waveform with ${>}15$ GHz frequency content with almost 200% fractional bandwidth with ${sim}733$ ps temporal window to a 40-ps duration pulse with more than 14-dB gain in peak power. Our technique is programmable and we believe it is applicable to a wide range of arbitrary spectral phase modulated UWB radio frequency (RF) waveforms.      

基于Coiflets正交小波的超宽带脉冲波形设计

脉冲波形设计是超宽带(UWB)系统的关键技术。基于Coiflets正交小波提出一种产生UWB信号正交成形脉冲的新方法。仿真结果表明,基于Coiflets正交小波产生的新UWB脉冲的功率谱密度比高斯导函数脉冲能更好地满足FCC的频谱模板要求,有较高的频谱利用率。利用正交小波的正交性,设计的UWB脉冲波形可用于多用户通信。利用小波基函数产生的一系列脉冲进行组合叠加,可以达到更高的频谱利用率。     

Non‐linear chirp based UWB waveform design for suppression of NBI

In order to alleviate the narrowband interference (NBI) to ultra wideband (UWB) systems, we propose two non‐linear UWB chirp waveforms based on the arctrigonometric and archyperbolic function in this paper. The proposed UWB pulses can obtain good performance in NBI suppression. Both of the two chirp pulses require only the time domain processing because of the inherent relationship between the frequency domain and the time domain. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the direct sequence pulse binary amplitude modulation (DS‐BPAM) UWB systems with the proposed chirp waveforms can achieve excellent NBI suppression performance and outperform the linear chirp waveform based UWB system significantly. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Investigation of time-domain response of microstrip quasi-horn antennas for UWB applications

The time-domain response of a microstrip quasi-horn antenna was investigated to confirm its suitability for ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse applications. Results show that antenna performance is enhanced using 130 Omega, instead of the usual 377 Omega, for the antenna aperture. The antenna exhibits good impulse return losses of around 13 and 17 dB at the feed-point and aperture, respectively, and high signal fidelity in radiating and receiving UWB signals. Good impulse response with minimum waveform distortion and small reflection together with a planar structure make the microstrip quasi-horn antenna a very good candidate not only for UWB impulse applications but also for direct integration with UWB integrated-circuit transmitters and receivers     

UWB无线电脉冲波形设计研究

研究超宽带无线通信系统的超短脉冲波形的设计问题,基于FCC频谱约束条件给出超宽带脉冲波形的优化设计方法。提出通过不同高斯波形的适当叠加方法给出简单而性质良好的脉冲波形,其次基于滤波思想给出性态灵活的脉冲波形设计方法。实验表明,本方法十分有效。     

Optical Frequency Conversion for Millimeter-Wave Ultra-Wideband-Over-Fiber Systems

This letter investigates all-optical frequency conversion of ultra-wideband (UWB) signals for UWB-over-fiber up-link and down-link systems. An electrooptical Mach-Zehnder modulator is used in nonlinear regime to realize frequency up and down conversion of UWB rectangular pulse and monocycle. All-optical frequency up-conversion of rectangular pulse at 18 GHz generates undesired local oscillator centered in the up-converted UWB spectrum, whereas up-conversion of monocycle waveform exhibits a power spectrum density optimally fitting the UWB emission mask. Up and down conversions of UWB monocycle, using the same UWB-over-fiber system, have shown low distortion induced by the optical mixing process on the UWB monocycle.