改性微纳米SiO2/环氧树脂复合涂层在模拟地热水中的性能研究

采用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)为偶联剂,以有机溶剂正丁醇为分散剂对微纳米SiO2颗粒进行改性.利用傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电镜(SEM)对改性前后的粒子进行表征分析,结果表明SiO2颗粒被成功改性,颗粒团聚现象明显改善.将改性后的微纳米SiO2颗粒与环氧树脂基底复配得到微纳米SiO2/环氧复合涂层.考察不同微纳...     

聚丙烯酰胺接枝改性TiO_2粉体及其性能

为了提高纳米TiO2粉体的亲油性和光催化性,采用溶胶-凝胶法制得纳米TiO2粉体,经γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPS)改性后,通过聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)在MPS-TiO2粉体表面进行原位接枝聚合,制得基于共价键结合的PAM-MPS-TiO2复合光催化剂,采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、分散性实验和光催化实验等分析手段对改性前后的TiO2粉体进行表征。结果表明,改性后TiO2粉体的亲油性显著增强;在有机溶剂中的团聚现象减少,分散性提高;与纯TiO2粉体相比,MPS-TiO2粉体表现出较高的光催化活性,PAM-MPS-TiO2粉体次之,经紫外光照2 h,二者均可将甲基橙几乎完全降解去除。     

仙人球状Ag/TiO_2 @PMMA超材料的制备与纳米平板聚焦效应

采用溶剂热合成法,制备了仙人球状Ag/TiO2颗粒,经γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)对其进行表面修饰后,通过乳液聚合法制备了Ag/TiO2@PMMA复合超材料。经透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析证明改性后的Ag/TiO2颗粒成功地装载在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)内,形成复合核壳颗粒Ag/TiO2@PMMA;经扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析证实复合核壳颗粒排列均匀,单分散性良好。光学性能测试表明,该复合材料在可见光波段波长为530nm附近出现了单一透射峰,峰高约为6%,并且在此波长下具有纳米平板聚焦现象,聚焦强度为4%。     

聚乙烯亚胺改性TiO2及光催化性能研究

纳米TiO2经3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)改性后,再通过聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)单体在APTES-TiO2表面进行原位化学氧化接枝聚合,制备了基于共价键结合的PEI/APTES-TiO2纳米复合光催化材料。以甲基橙(MO)为目标降解物,研究了所制备复合材料在紫外光下和太阳光作用下的光催化性能。通过红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)等对所制备的复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,TiO2经过有机改性后复合材料在紫外光和太阳光下都出现了较强的吸收,光能的利用率和光生载流子的分离效率得到提高,复合材料表现出较高的光催化活性。     

Ag/TiO_2复合纳米催化剂的制备和表征及其光催化性能研究

以TiCl4,AgNO3为原料,采用水热法制备了Ag/TiO2复合纳米催化剂。采用X-射线衍射仪、透射电镜等对其进行结构表征,得到金红石型均匀掺杂的Ag/TiO2复合纳米颗粒。为了评估Ag/TiO2光催化材料的催化活性,在中性条件下以Ag/TiO2作为光催化剂,进行了在自然光下催化降解甲基橙的实验,实验结果表明:Ag/TiO2复合纳米催化剂对甲基橙的光催化降解具有较好的催化作用。     

功能化纳米TiO2/环氧树脂超疏水防腐复合涂层的制备与性能

超疏水材料在金属防腐领域具备巨大的潜在应用前景。为得到疏水性能及防腐性能俱优的纳米TiO₂/环氧树脂复合涂层材料,首先以三甲氧基十七氟癸基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)对纳米TiO₂表面功能化;以全氟辛基甲基丙烯酸酯对固化剂二乙烯三氨(DETA)进行氟化;最后通过一步共混法和两步喷涂法分别制备出两种复合涂层。利用FTIR、XPS、1HNMR分析氟化固化剂(F-DETA)和氟化纳米TiO₂(f-TiO₂)的物相组成和组织结构。接触角测试仪和静置实验表明,当三甲氧基十七氟癸基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷的摩尔比为1∶15时f-TiO₂的性能最佳,所制备的复合涂层接触角达到164.9°。SEM表征结果显示通过两步法制备的f-TiO₂/环氧树脂复合涂层具备更均匀的粗糙表面、涂层内部孔隙率较低且环氧树脂层与f-TiO₂层具备梯度结构。摩擦实验证明两步法制备的f-TiO₂/环氧树脂复合涂层的超疏水性具备较好的机械稳定性。Tafel极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究表明,通过两步法制备的f-TiO₂/环氧树脂复合涂层具有优异的防腐性能,其腐蚀抑制效率高达99.99%。      

表面疏水纳米碳酸钙制备及表征

采用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）、3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷（MPTES）、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷（KH570）3种硅烷偶联剂,对纳米碳酸钙进行表面改性,制备了具有表面疏水性能的纳米碳酸钙。采用红外光谱仪器与接触角测定仪对玫性前后的纳米碳酸钙进行了表征与比较,结果表明：硅烷偶联剂能成功连接到纳米碳酸钙表面;3种硅烷改性剂中,KH570改性后的接触角最大,改性效果最好;表面疏水改性有助于提高纳米碳酸钙在亲油相和在有机相中的分散性能。     

紫外诱导水相条件下Ag修饰TiO2纳米棒的制备及光催化性能

利用贵金属修饰氧化钛被认为是提高氧化钛光催化效率的重要途径。本文提出了一种新的制备方法,利用紫外光诱导还原作用,在水相体系中不使用表面活性剂合成Ag修饰TiO2纳米结构。首先,Ti(SO4)2水解能得到分散良好的锐钛矿相TiO2纳米棒。在TiO2纳米棒合成过程中,利用紫外光的诱导还原作用即可得到Ag/TiO2纳米结构。透射电镜显示Ag修饰TiO2纳米结构是由20～30nm的TiO2纳米棒和10nm左右的Ag"纳米头"组成。对亚甲基蓝的光降解实验证明,Ag/TiO2纳米结构相比纯TiO2在可见光和模拟太阳光下光催化性能分别提高了31倍和3倍。因此,此法合成的Ag/TiO2可被开发用作降解污染物的有效催化剂。     

盘状α-Fe2O3/Ag/AgCl复合纳米颗粒的可控制备及LSPR增强光催化应用

采用多步合成方法制备了一种盘状 三元α-Fe2O3/Ag/AgCl复合纳米颗粒。首先,通过Al3+辅助的水热合成方法得到盘状α-Fe2O3纳米颗粒;然后,采用经典的银镜反应,将Ag纳米颗粒负载于盘状α-Fe2O3纳米颗粒表面;最后,原位氧化Ag纳米颗粒即得α-Fe2O3/Ag/AgCl复合纳米颗粒。采用XRD、SEM、TEM和紫外-可见吸收光谱等对α-Fe2O3/Ag/AgCl复合纳米颗粒的形貌、结构和光催化性能进行表征,并将该光催化剂在模拟太阳光照射下对罗丹明B、酸橙7和孔雀绿等有机染料进行降解。试验结果表明,相比于商业化的TiO2（P25）,α-Fe2O3/Ag/AgCl表现出更好的光催化活性。光催化性能的提高,主要是由于窄/宽禁带半导体与贵金属Ag复合,使电荷能够在贵金属Ag、半导体α-Fe2O3、AgCl之间进行有效转移。这种复合纳米颗粒为合成性能优异的等离子体光催化剂提供了良好的借鉴,并为其在环境治理的实际应用中提供了良好的范例。     

3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷表面修饰的磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子合成与表征

以FeCl3、FeSO4为铁源,利用改进共沉淀法合成磁性纳米Fe3O4,在其制备的过程中加入水合肼充当还原剂和沉淀剂,采用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES),通过硅烷化反应以化学键的方式结合Fe3O4纳米颗粒,获得表面氨基化的磁性Fe3O4纳米复合颗粒。并用XRD、IR、TEM、VSM等分析手段深入研究了APTES修饰前后磁性纳米颗粒结构和性能影响。结果表明APTES成功包覆到磁性纳米粒子表面,其包覆率为21%;磁性颗粒粒径为20nm,晶型为反立方尖晶石型;磁性颗粒具有很好的分散性,其磁化率为2.36×10-6,饱和磁化强度达60.8mT。     

Study on the photocatalysis performance and degradation kinetics of X-3B over modified titanium dioxide

In this paper, reactive brilliant X-3B was used as a model compound to study the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Experimental results showed that the adulteration of iron and silver on TiO2 could greatly improve the activity of TiO2, and the optimum adulteration amount of iron and silver was 0.1 wt.% (Fe/TiO2) and 0.05 wt.% (Ag/TiO2), respectively, at the adulteration range of experiments. The photocatalytic degradation kinetics of X-3B on TiO2, Fe/TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 were also studied. The results showed that the degradation of X-3B on all of them were in accordance with the Langmiur-Hinshelwood kinetics model well, and the sequence of apparent reaction rate constants k of X-3B degradation catalyzed by TiO2, Fe/TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 was Ag/TiO2>Fe/TiO2>TiO2, while adsorption equilibrium constants KA of X-3B on Fe/TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 were approximately the same, and both were greater than that of TiO2.     

多孔Ag/TiO2的制备及其光催化性研究

以工业TiOSO4溶液水解得到的多孔偏钛酸为载体,通过光催化还原法制备了多孔Ag/TiO2光催化剂.用XRD、SEM、EDS及低温氮吸附脱附法对样品进行了表征.以光催化氧化降解亚甲基蓝为目标反应,考察了不同制备条件对样品光催化活性的影响.结果表明,制备的Ag/TiO2为负载有非晶态纳米银粒的锐钛矿型TiO2光催化剂,比表面积高达197m2/g,其光催化活性远优于未载银的TiO2.     

Ag-Si Co-doped TiO2 photocatalyst synthesized via a nonaqueous method

Ag-Si/TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized in a nonaqueous system at 140 degrees C, and then annealed at different temperatures. The obtained photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, BET, TG-DTA, XPS, as well as UV-vis DRS. The results showed that All Ag-Si/TiO2 held an anatase phase and high thermal stability and the phase transformation from anatase to rutile was retarded to about 900 degrees C. The Ag-Si/TiO2 particles were highly mono-dispersed and the particles size became smaller compared to TiO2. Additionally, UV-vis light absorption shifted to visible region after Ag doping. Si weaved into the matrix of TiO2, while Ag dispersed on the surface of TiO2 particles. The visible light photocatalytic activity was evaluated by Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation in an aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. It was found that the photccatalytic activities of the obtained Ag-Si/TiO2 samples were all higher than those of pure TiO2 and Ag/TiO2, reaching the maximum at the Ag and Si content of 0.5 mol% and 20.0 mol%, respectively. The enhanced visible photocatalytic activity may be attributed to the simultaneous effects of silver and silicon co-doping.     

Characterization of silver nanoparticles synthesized on titanium dioxide fine particles

Silver nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution were synthesized over the surface of two different commercial TiO(2) particles using a simple aqueous reduction method. The reducing agent used was NaBH(4); different molar ratios TiO(2):Ag were also used. The nanocomposites thus prepared were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy; the antibacterial activity was assessed using the standard microdilution method, determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. From the microscopy studies (TEM and STEM) we observed that the silver nanoparticles are homogeneously distributed over the surface of TiO(2) particles and that the TiO(2):Ag molar ratio plays an important role. We used three different TiO(2)Ag molar ratios and the size of the silver nanoparticles is 10, 20 and 80?nm, respectively. It was found that the antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites increases considerably comparing with separated silver nanoparticles and TiO(2) particles.     

Facile fabrication and photocatalytic application of Ag nanoparticles-TiO2 nanofiber composites

A novel chemical method has been developed for the fabrication of Ag nanoparticles-coated TiO2 nanofiber composites. The method involves dispersion of TiO2 nanofibers in silver salt solution under ultrasonication, followed by addition of sodium citrate as a reducing agent. The Ag-coated TiO2 composites were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the photocatalytic performance was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under UV-light irradiation. It was found that the heterogeneous Ag-TiO2 composite showed a higher activity than the pure TiO2 nanofiber; the enhanced activity can be attributed to the excellent distribution and interaction of Ag nanoparticles with the TiO2 nanofiber support. A plausible mechanism for the formation of the Ag-coated TiO2 composite and reasons for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity are also discussed.     

Fabrication and enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of fluorine doped TiO2 by loaded with Ag

F-doped TiO2 loaded with Ag (Ag/F-TiO2) was prepared by sol-gel process combined with photoreduction method. The physical and chemical properties of the prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence (PL). XPS analysis indicated Ag species existed as Ag0 in the structure of Ag/F-TiO2 samples. UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra showed that the light absorption of Ag/F-TiO2 in the visible region had a significant enhancement compared with the F-doped TiO2 (F-TiO2). PL analysis indicated that the electron-hole recombination rate had been effectively inhibited when Ag loaded on the surface of F-TiO2. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated for the degradation of X-3B (Reactive Brilliant Red dye, C.I. reactive red 2) under visible light (lambda > 420 nm) irradiation. Compared with F-TiO2, the sample of 0.50 Ag/F-TiO2 showed the highest photocatalytic activity. The interaction between F species and metallic Ag was responsible for improving the visible light photocatalytic activity.     

MOF衍生的多孔ZnO/C、Ag/ZnO/C复合材料光催化性能研究

以金属有机骨架(MOF-5)为前驱体, 通过高温热处理和湿化学法获得ZnO/C和Ag/ZnO/C两种光催化复合材料。采用X 射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)和紫外-可见分光漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)等方法对所得样品的晶体结构、形貌特征、组成及光谱特性进行了表征。结果显示, 高温热处理保留了MOF-5的原始结构。ZnO/C比表面积为390 m²/g, 载银后比表面积仍达232 m²/g, 负载的银颗粒尺寸约30 nm。光催化降解实验表明ZnO/C和Ag/ZnO/C复合材料对亚甲基蓝(MB)都具有很高的降解效率, 均优于商业TiO₂。Ag/ZnO/C的光催化性能更好, 且具有较好的重复利用和稳定性。因此, 适度的高温碳化和掺杂贵金属是获得优良光催化性能的根本原因。     

Shape transformation and relaxation dynamics of photoexcited TiO2/Ag nanocomposites

The laser-induced sintering of TiO2 nanoparticles into larger nanospheres is accelerated by adsorbed silver particles. For the same weight fraction of silver, silver nanoparticles of 5 nm in diameter modify TiO2 nanoparticles more effectively than those of 1.5 nm do, suggesting that the photocatalysis of TiO2 nanoparticles as well as their stability is highly dependent on the sizes, the shapes, and the distribution of adsorbed metal nanoparticles. The photoexcited electrons of TiO2 nanoparticles are quenched at trap sites and surface states by transfer to the conduction band of silver, implying that the presence of adsorbed silver nanoparticles enhances the photocatalytic effect of TiO2.     

Surface modification of nanometer size TiO2 with salicylic acid for photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

The efficiency of photocatalytic reactions was limited by the wide band-gap of TiO(2) and the high degree of electron-hole recombination inherent in photocatalytic process, as well as by the limited adsorption capability of photocatalysts. In order to increase the overall efficiency, the surface of nanometer size TiO(2) was simply and fast modified by chemical adsorption in saturated solution of salicylic acid. A stable, light yellow surface complex was formed quickly, which has obvious absorption in the region from 320 to 420 nm. Through surface modification, the adsorption efficiency of 4-nitrophenol by TiO(2) was enhanced from 42 to 84%. The photocatalytic efficiency was tested on the degradation of 4-nitrophenol. The influences of catalyst and its dosage, pH value, and 4-nitrophenol concentration on the degradation were investigated. Under such photodegradation conditions as initial pH 4.0, 4-nitrophenol 5 mg l(-1), catalyst 100 mg, and irradiation time 160 min with 160 W high-pressure mercury lamp, the degradation efficiency of 4-nitrophenol by TiO(2) was increased from 39.5 to 79.3% after surface modification, and furthermore, the degradation efficiency could be enhanced to 91.1% if the concentration of 4-nitrophenol was not more than 1 mg l(-1). Compared with the pure TiO(2), surface modification led not only to improve the surface coverage of 4-nitrophenol, but also to increase the light utilization. Both of these factors were crucial for the photocatalytic activity of heterogeneous photocatalysis, especially for photodegradation of aromatic pollutants.     

Effects of mineral tourmaline particles on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin films

Titania composite thin films (T/TiO2) containing tourmaline particles were prepared by a sol-gel method, using alkoxide solutions as precursor. The tourmaline particles and thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and so on. The effects of tourmaline on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 were measured with methyl orange as an objective photodegradation substance. The results showed that the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange conformed to the first-order kinetic equation and the composite thin films had better photocatalytic activity due to the cooperation of polarity and the far infrared emission of tourmaline. The T/TiO2 thin films including 0.5 wt% tourmaline exhibited better photocatalytic activity when heat-treated at 250 degrees C for 3 h, than pure TiO2 thin films under the ultraviolet irradiation.